Limits of Passive Cue-based Deception Theories Sample Clauses

Limits of Passive Cue-based Deception Theories. ‌ Before we go into the theories of human deception that are relevant to this thesis’s aim, I first want to argue against an alternative course of action. This alternative course of action would have implied delving into the so called cue-based psychology of deception detection. Cue-based approaches to understanding or detecting deception treat passively observable information that represents what lies on the surface of a more socio-complex cognitive process. This simplistic view of deception, especially the over-reliance on non-verbal cues, had been extremely popular for some time due to the work of Xxxx Xxxxx [75]. Even Xxxxx himself, along with X’Xxxxxxxx [77], argues that clues that lead to deception are not absolute and that it is perhaps delusional to think that a “fail-safe” set of behavioural cues that are able to indicate deception exists in real life. There exist, Xxxxx and X’Xxxxxxxx xxx, some behaviours that might be considered cues for deception, but these need to be analysed by taking into account the individual that expresses these behaviours as well as the social context in which these behaviours are expressed. Xxxxx, later in [74], had aimed to integrate verbal behaviour into his view of deception. These cues that I am referring to can be either verbal, or non-verbal. Verbal cues represent what a person says (linguistic behaviour) and non-verbal cues represent non-linguistic behaviour of a person. One example of non-verbal cues are micro- expressions. There is relatively strong consensus in human deception research that cue-based approaches to deception detection are very limited [67, 66, 116, 104]. That is because this type of approach solely considers behaviour that is expressed by human agents, in order to establish whether the human is being deceptive or not. It does not, however, take into account everything else, e.g., the knowledge involved as well as the context of the situations. This makes cue-based deception research highly susceptible to cognitive biases v. One of these biases is called the truth bias. Does a receiver believe that a sender is truth teller? If yes, then the detector has a strong truth bias. Or, does he believe the sender is a liar? In this case, the receiver is considered to have a strong non-truth v Remember from the previous section that Heuer and intelligence analysts are not very fond of cognitive biases for very good reasons.
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