Opacity. This is the degree to which a coating will obscure the surface to which it has been applied. Opacity is measured in a similar way to shade, however opacity, or hiding power, as defined by ISO 2814 involves measuring whiteness of a known film of test material on both a black (less than 5%) and a white (greater than 75%, less than 85%) substrate. A full range of opacity test charts are available – See Leneta Test Charts for further information.
Opacity. [326 IAC 2-9-8] Fugitive particulate matter (PM) emissions shall be controlled by applying water on all storage piles and unpaved roadways on an “as needed” basis, such that the following visible emission conditions are met:
Opacity. 6/25/1998 12/29/2008 [Insert FR page number where document be- gins]. 252:100–17–4 ........... Particulate matter ....................... 6/25/1998 12/29/2008 [Insert FR page number where document be- gins]. 252:100–17–5 ........... Incinerator design requirements 6/1/2001 12/29/2008 [Insert FR page number where document be- gins]. 252:100–17–5.1 Alternative incinerator design re- quirements. 6/1/2001 12/29/2008 [Insert FR page number where document be- gins].
Opacity. The opacity must be 88.
Opacity. [326 IAC 2-9-8]
Opacity. Lack of data on aspects of the repo market, including rates and volume, added to uncertainty during the crisis. Subsequently, the Fed and the Office of Financial Research (OFR) have attempted to gather more comprehensive data. The Fed has long published data on repos involving primary dealers (large Treasury security dealers), and in 2010 began publishing data on triparty repos. In 2019, OFR issued a rule to collect data on repos cleared by FICC. Since 2018, the Fed has published data on key repo rates, such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate. Regulators still do not collect comprehensive data on all types of repos, however. Enhanced regulation. The 2010 Xxxx-Xxxxx Act (P.L. 111-203) required enhanced prudential (safety and soundness) regulation (EPR) of large banks and systemically important financial market utilities (FMUs) who are viewed as posing systemic risk. The two firms that clear triparty and bilateral repos, respectively, are subject to EPR—BoNYM was designated as a global-systemically important bank (G-SIB), subjecting it to the Fed’s most stringent regulatory requirements, and FICC was designated as a FMU, under SEC supervision. Repo participants that are not part of large banks are not subject to EPR. Under EPR, large banks are subject to new liquidity rules. Some, but not all, of the securities dealers active in repo markets are owned by large banks. Certain rules already implemented make large banks less reliant on short-term borrowing. However, the Net Stable Funding Ratio rule— which would directly limit their use of repos—has not been regulation changed how repos were netted when a failing G-SIB is resolved to maintain its value. Federal Reserve’s Role in Repo Markets The Fed also intervenes in repo markets to conduct monetary policy. Called open market operations, the Fed uses repos and reverse repos to affect overall liquidity and target the federal funds rate, its primary monetary policy target. Traditionally, the Fed’s repo counterparties have been the primary dealers. In 2013, the Fed created a standing facility called the Overnight Reverse Repurchase Operations Facility to expand its operations to more counterparties. (At this facility, the Fed is the cash borrower.) The Fed also provides reverse repos to foreign official institutions as part of its services to them. During the financial crisis, the Fed intervened heavily in repo markets to restore overall liquidity. Because of the severity of the crisis, this intervention alo...
Opacity. [326 IAC 5-1] Pursuant to 326 IAC 5-1-2 (Opacity Limitations), except as provided in 326 IAC 5-1-3 (Temporary Alternative Opacity Limitations), opacity shall meet the following, unless otherwise stated in this permit:
Opacity. No person shall discharge into the ambient air from any single source of emissions any air contaminant, other than uncombined water, in excess of 20% opacity.
Opacity. The Permittee shall install, calibrate, test, and operate a DAHS and COMS to measure and record opacity on EU3.
Opacity. Assurances that contaminants emitted to the atmosphere, for a period or periods of three minutes or more within 1 hour shall not exceed Ringlemann 1 or equivalent 20% opacity.
