Subsidiaries, Partnerships and Joint Ventures Each of the Loan Parties shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, own or create directly or indirectly any Subsidiaries other than (i) any Subsidiary which has joined this Agreement as a Guarantor on the Closing Date or which is listed on Schedule 6.1.3 hereto (excluding Koppers Assurance); (ii) any Subsidiary formed under the laws of the United States or a state thereof (and prior to the redemption of all the 2003 Senior Notes, any Subsidiary formed under the laws of Australia or any territory or state thereof) after the Closing Date which joins this Agreement as a Guarantor pursuant to Section 11.18 [Joinder of Guarantors], provided that such Subsidiary and the Loan Parties, as applicable, shall grant and cause to be perfected first priority Liens to the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Lenders (in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent) in the assets held by, and stock of or other ownership interests in, such Subsidiary; (iii) upon prior written notice to the Administrative Agent, any Subsidiary which is (a) not formed under the laws of the United States or a state thereof, (b) not a Guarantor hereunder, and (c) as to which the investment in such Subsidiary (together with all other loans, advances and investments to and in other such Subsidiaries) by the Loan Parties does not exceed the amount permitted under Section 8.2.4(vi), and (iv) upon prior written notice to the Administrative Agent, any Subsidiary formed under the laws of Luxembourg which is used to effect any Foreign Holding Company Reorganization. Any Subsidiary which executes a Guaranty of any Indebtedness under the 2003 Senior Notes shall execute and deliver a Guaranty Agreement in favor of the Administrative Agent. Except as set forth on Schedule 8.2.9 and to the extent permitted by Section 8.2.4(vii), each of the Loan Parties shall not become or agree to (1) become a general or limited partner in any general or limited partnership, except that the Loan Parties may be general or limited partners in other Loan Parties, (2) become a member or manager of, or hold a limited liability company interest in, a limited liability company, except that the Loan Parties may be members or managers of, or hold limited liability company interests in, other Loan Parties, or (3) become a joint venturer or hold a joint venture interest in any joint venture. At such time as the Borrower shall have redeemed all the 2003 Senior Notes and the security interests and other Liens of the 2003 Trustee shall have terminated, the Administrative Agent shall and hereby is authorized by the Lenders to (i) release from the Guaranty Agreement all Guarantors which are not formed under the laws of the United States or a state thereof, (ii) release all Collateral granted to the Administrative Agent by such foreign Guarantors which are released from the Guaranty Agreement, and (iii) reduce the pledge of 100% of the stock of any foreign Subsidiary owned by the Borrower or any Guarantor which is formed under the laws of the United States or any state thereof to a pledge in the amount of 65% of the stock of any foreign Subsidiary owned by the Borrower or any Guarantor which is formed under the laws of the United States or any state thereof. The Loan Parties hereby agree at all times after the redemption of the 2003 Senior Notes to cause 65% of the stock of any foreign Subsidiary owned by the Borrower or any Guarantor which is formed under the laws of the United States or any state thereof to be subject to the terms of the Pledge Agreement in favor of the Administrative Agent as Collateral for the Obligations.
Joint Ventures The joint venture or partnership arrangements in which the Company or the Partnership is a co-venturer or general partner which are established to acquire or hold Assets.
Subsidiaries; Equity Interests The Parent does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital stock, membership interest, partnership interest, joint venture interest or other equity interest in any person.