An argument Sample Clauses

An argument y AF rebuts an argument x AF if x and y are ar- guments for the same mapping but with different signs, e.g. if x and y are in the form x = ⟨G1, m, +⟩ and y = ⟨G2, m, −⟩, x counter-argues y and vice-versa. Moreover, if an argument x supports an argument y, they form the argument (x y) that attacks an argument y and is attacked by argument x. When the set of such arguments and counter arguments have been produced, it is necessary for the agents to consider which of them they should accept. Given an argu- ment framework we can use definitions from [7] to define acceptability of an argument.
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An argument. ‘Agential-Centredness’ of Xxxxxxx’s Transcendental Realism and the Question of ‘Non-Agential’ This section reflects on mechanisms as tendencies and causal agents. It points out two key features in the account of ontological realism in early CR: the primary mode of things (or beings) is ‘implicit’, and it is ‘agential’. This reflection is crucial for the wider thesis because it enables us to argue the possibility and significance of ‘otherness’, particularly in the critical realist account of social reality, and to argue that this ‘otherness’ seems to produce a point of divergence between the Bhaskarian account of the transcendent, and the Trinitarian account of God in Christianity. 3.1. Mechanisms as tendencies and the primary mode of things as ‘implicit’ As already noted, Xxxxxxx argues that reality is stratified and differentiated so that what makes knowledge of things possible is the layer of causal mechanisms of things at the real level. He seeks to find the necessary condition for the possibility of scientific knowledge (or scientific activity), and then argues for the possibility of scientific experimentation on the basis of ontological distinction and independence of generative mechanisms (or causal laws) from patterns of events. He explains these mechanisms as the ‘fundamental’ ontological structure of reality (Xxxxxxxxx, 2005, p.33), as ‘a real categorial structure of the world [existing] independently of our experiences and historical conceptualisations of that world’ (pp.34-35). The ontological basis of mechanisms is the causal powers of things, ‘which they possess necessarily due to their essential intrinsic structures’ (p.38). Mechanism is the most representative term he uses for the real categorial structure of things. However, mechanisms as objects of scientific activity are ‘unobservable’ or ‘non- transparent’, although their generated events may be the objects of experience (Kaidesoja, 2005, p.35; Agar, 2005, pp.34-35). Unlike transcendental idealism and empirical realism, transcendental realism regards mechanisms (a priori objects or objects-in-themselves) of science as not directly conformed to human reason, but as knowable through the process of scientific discovery (p.35).23 This is because Xxxxxxx grounds the possibility of science in the object-in-itself, which he can argue is intelligible (that is to say that it is capable of becoming the subject matter of science and philosophy). In that regard he has much in common with the empiri...
An argument y AF rebuts an argument x AF if x and y are ar- guments for the same mapping but with different signs, e.g. if x and y are in the form x = (G1, m, +) and y = (G2, m, −), x counter-argues y and vice-versa. Moreover, if an argument x supports an argument y, they form the argument (x

Related to An argument

  • Selecting an Arbitrator The parties will select an arbitrator by mutual agreement or by alternately striking names supplied by the AAA, and will follow the Labor Arbitration Rules of the AAA unless they agree otherwise in writing.

  • Hearing The grievance shall be heard by a single arbitrator and both parties may be represented by such person or persons as they may choose and designate, and the parties shall have the right to a hearing at which time both parties will have the opportunity to submit evidence, offer testimony, and make oral or written arguments relating to the issues before the arbitrator. The proceeding before the arbitrator shall be a hearing denovo.

  • Mediation/Arbitration (a) All disputes, claims or controversies arising out of or relating to this Agreement (collectively, “Disputes”) shall be submitted to non-binding mediation by either party to an impartial mediator, as agreed to by the parties, and appointed through JAMS in San Francisco, California, for a good faith effort at resolution. The mediator shall review the Dispute within thirty (30) days of submission or at such other time provided the parties so agree. Any mediation fee shall be paid equally among the parties. Any Dispute which is not resolved through such mandatory mediation shall be settled by final and binding arbitration before a single neutral arbitrator of JAMS in accordance with the then current Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association in San Francisco, California. Judgment on the award rendered by the arbitrator may be entered in any court in California. In the event that any Dispute between Indemnitee and the Corporation should result in arbitration, the prevailing party in the Dispute shall be entitled to recover from the other party all reasonable fees, costs and expenses of enforcing any right of the prevailing party, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees, experts’ fees, and expenses. Each party agrees that the Dispute as mediated and/or arbitrated and the final resolution of such Dispute shall be considered to be confidential information, and shall be kept confidential by each party. (b) Indemnitee specifically acknowledges and understands that by agreeing to this provision, Indemnitee is waiving all rights to have his or her claims brought, investigated, and/or adjudicated by an administrative agency, or heard before a judge or jury. Indemnitee also understands that Indemnitee’s rights to discovery may be lesser or narrower in arbitration, that there may be fees and costs associated with mediation and/or arbitration that Indemnitee may not otherwise have, and that Indemnitee is waiving substantial time that Indemnitee might otherwise have to make a claim, prepare his or her case, or investigate his or her claims. The claims include claims of any kind relating to Indemnitee’s relationship with the Corporation, including claims relating to compensation, discrimination, any benefits, status as an officer, director or Agent of the Corporation, conflict of interest, or any other claim or dispute relating to or arising out of Indemnitee’s relationship with the Corporation. The underlying Disputes shall be fully and finally resolved through arbitration, including any right to permanent injunctive relief.

  • GRIEVANCE ARBITRATION Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, for the purposes of this Article, an Employee has the right to grieve any filling of a vacancy or Assignment in the bargaining unit.

  • Arbitration Disputes arising under or in connection with this Agreement that are not resolved pursuant to Section 5.1, including requests for specific performance, will be resolved through binding arbitration conducted pursuant to the rules of the International Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce. The arbitration will be conducted in the English language and will occur in Los Angeles County, California. Any arbitration will be in front of a single arbitrator, unless (i) ICANN is seeking punitive or exemplary damages, or operational sanctions, (ii) the parties agree in writing to a greater number of arbitrators, or (iii) the dispute arises under Section 7.6 or 7.7. In the case of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) in the preceding sentence, the arbitration will be in front of three arbitrators with each party selecting one arbitrator and the two selected arbitrators selecting the third arbitrator. In order to expedite the arbitration and limit its cost, the arbitrator(s) shall establish page limits for the parties’ filings in conjunction with the arbitration, and should the arbitrator(s) determine that a hearing is necessary, the hearing shall be limited to one (1) calendar day, provided that in any arbitration in which ICANN is seeking punitive or exemplary damages, or operational sanctions, the hearing may be extended for one (1) additional calendar day if agreed upon by the parties or ordered by the arbitrator(s) based on the arbitrator(s) independent determination or the reasonable request of one of the parties thereto. The prevailing party in the arbitration will have the right to recover its costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees, which the arbitrator(s) shall include in the awards. In the event the arbitrators determine that Registry Operator has been repeatedly and willfully in fundamental and material breach of its obligations set forth in Article 2, Article 6 or Section 5.4 of this Agreement, ICANN may request the arbitrators award punitive or exemplary damages, or operational sanctions (including without limitation an order temporarily restricting Registry Operator’s right to sell new registrations). Each party shall treat information received from the other party pursuant to the arbitration that is appropriately marked as confidential (as required by Section 7.15) as Confidential Information of such other party in accordance with Section 7.15. In any litigation involving ICANN concerning this Agreement, jurisdiction and exclusive venue for such litigation will be in a court located in Los Angeles County, California; however, the parties will also have the right to enforce a judgment of such a court in any court of competent jurisdiction.

  • Alternative Arbitration Proceedings Alternatively, the Parties may refer the matter to the Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration (NCIA) which offers a neutral venue for the conduct of national and international arbitration with commitment to providing institutional support to the arbitral process.

  • Step 4 - Arbitration a. If the Union is dissatisfied with the written decision at Step 2 or if the mediation is not successful, within twenty-five (25) days of the Step 2 meeting, the Union may advance the grievance to arbitration. Only the Union (not an individual Bargaining Unit Faculty member) may process a grievance to arbitration. b. Within thirty (30) days of notice of proceeding to arbitration, the Union and the College shall select an impartial third party to be Arbitrator. In the event the parties cannot agree on the selection of an impartial third party, they shall request a list of Arbitrators from Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service. c. Within five (5) days of receipt of the list, the parties shall alternately strike names from the list until one name remains. The person whose name remains shall be the Arbitrator. d. Each party shall bear the expense of preparing and presenting its own case. The costs of the arbitration proceedings, including compensation, fees and expenses of the Arbitrator, and the cost of any hearing transcript, shall be borne equally by the College and the Union. Unless otherwise mutually agreed, each arbitration hearing shall deal with no more than one (1) grievance. e. Subject to the availability of the Arbitrator selected, arbitration shall begin within thirty (30) days unless a delay is agreed upon by both parties. f. The Arbitrator shall have no power to add to, subtract from, modify or disregard any of the provisions of this Agreement. The decision of the Arbitrator shall be final and binding on the parties, although each side retains whatever rights it has under state or federal law to challenge the decision and award. The Arbitrator shall have no jurisdiction or authority to issue any award changing, modifying or restricting any action taken by the College on matters committed to the College’s discretion under Article 23, Management Rights, which are not further abridged by other terms of this Agreement. Jurisdiction shall extend solely to claims of violation of specific written provisions of the Agreement and involve only the interpretation and application of the Agreement.

  • Level Four - Arbitration If the grievance is not satisfactorily resolved at the Level Three conference, the grievance shall be submitted to an independent Arbitrator if such request is made within ten (10) days of the Level Three conference. The Arbitrator shall be selected by mutual agreement from the following list. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx XxxXxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxxx If no arbitrator can be agreed upon, one shall be chosen by a drawing from the same list. After an arbitrator has been utilized, their name will be placed on the bottom of the list. If any of these arbitrators drops from the list for any reason, a replacement shall be negotiated and agreed upon by the Association and the Employer. The hearing shall be conducted by the Arbitrator selected in the manner described above but independently from the American Arbitration Association. a. The duty and responsibility of the Arbitrator is to apply and interpret the express provisions of the agreement and shall not have the authority to add to, subtract from, alter, modify, vary, or ignore the terms of the Agreement or to determine that any provision is unconstitutional or contrary to any federal or state law or regulation, it being expressly agreed that any such determination shall be made by a court of law. b. The Arbitrator shall be requested to render his written decision within thirty (30) calendar days from the conclusion of the hearing or submission of briefs. c. The rules may be amended in writing by the mutual agreement of the parties. d. Either party shall have the right within ten (10) days from the receipt of the decision of the Arbitrator to apply to a court of competent jurisdiction for a rehearing of the claim both as to the facts and the law, provided however, that if application in not made within such time, the decision of the Arbitrator shall be binding.

  • Hearings Within the time period specified in Section 8.4(d), the matter shall be presented to the arbitrator at a hearing by means of written submissions of memoranda and verified witness statements, filed simultaneously, and responses, if necessary in the judgment of the arbitrator or both the parties. If the arbitrator deems it to be essential to a fair resolution of the dispute, live cross-examination or direct examination may be permitted, but is not generally contemplated to be necessary. The arbitrator shall actively manage the arbitration with a view to achieving a just, speedy and cost-effective resolution of the dispute, claim or controversy. The arbitrator may, in his or her discretion, set time and other limits on the presentation of each party's case, its memoranda or other submissions, and refuse to receive any proffered evidence, which the arbitrator, in his or her discretion, finds to be cumulative, unnecessary, irrelevant or of low probative nature. Except as otherwise set forth herein, any arbitration hereunder will be conducted in accordance with the CPR Rules for Non-Administered Arbitration of Business Disputes then prevailing (except that the arbitration will not be conducted under the auspices of the CPR and the fee schedule of the CPR will not apply). Except as expressly set forth in Section 8.8(b), the decision of the arbitrator will be final and binding on the parties, and judgment thereon may be had and will be enforceable in any court having jurisdiction over the parties. Arbitration awards will bear interest at an annual rate of the Prime Rate plus 2% per annum. To the extent that the provisions of this Agreement and the prevailing rules of the CPR conflict, the provisions of this Agreement shall govern.

  • Selection of an Arbitrator The parties will reach agreement on a mutually acceptable arbitrator as needed. If agreement cannot be obtained between the parties then either party can apply to the Minister of Labour to have an arbitrator appointed.

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