Canine Morbidity and Mortality Sample Clauses

Canine Morbidity and Mortality. Morbidity and mortality estimates are extremely critical components of assessing animal health. Less than 1 percent of dogs that died in the past year reportedly died of natural causes, while over half died of preventable or man-made causes such as accidents, killings, or disease. Thirty percent of the total estimated owned dog population in Haiti died in the past year, compared to an estimated turnover rate of 7.9 percent of household dogs in 2004 in the U.S. [53]. Particularly concerning is the high proportion of dog deaths due to human killings such as poisonings, shootings, and electrocution (27 %). This figure was significantly higher in rural areas (35%) than in urban and semi-urban areas and suggests that animal welfare may not be highly valued among segments of Haitian society, presenting a challenge to prevention and control efforts and substantiating the need for vast public awareness and education about the importance of animal health. However, while owners may be persuaded to provide better shelter and veterinary care for their animals, the individuals responsible for these canine deaths will not be as easily persuaded to contribute to animal welfare. Studies indicate that the majority of dogs in Haiti are two years old or less [46], supporting our finding that mortality and morbidity rates are high among Haitian dogs. Constant repopulation by unsterilized dogs compensates for canine mortality, thereby maintaining a relatively stable dog population. Because of low veterinary care and environmental hazards such as heat, minimal shelter, and disease, puppies and pregnant or nursing females are particularly vulnerable to morbidity and mortality in Haiti [46]. Part of this problem is inextricably linked to poor infrastructure throughout the country, which is impossible to address in the context of rabies alone. The need for access to veterinary care and improvements in dog health resulting in greater canine longevity is critical to controlling rabies. Mass vaccination campaigns and other prevention and control efforts will not be successful with such a high population turnover, which will result in greater costs and fewer gains to program efforts.
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