CLIMATE RISK. Climate risks relate to the risks posed to natural and human systems and regions due to change in climate. Understanding climate risks is the first step towards managing climate change impacts. IPCC has conducted climate risks analysis and has identified the following risks; • continuous increase of temperature • accumulation of extreme weather phenomena • bumper crops and crop failure • polar cap melting • changes of the planet's ecology • spreading diseases • attenuation of the North Atlantic Drift Some of the key determinants of impacts include; Magnitude and rate of change of global mean temperature. While magnitude of change focuses on the overall change of global mean temperature over the years, the rate of change is crucial in that it focuses on the ability of the ecosystems to migrate to minimize damages in a timely manner. Climate variability (example, unusually warm weather) is a climate change risk. Transient or time-dependent response to anthropogenic forcings. Three types of climate extremes are studied as part of this climate change determinant -- simple extremes (e.g., heavy rainfall, high/low temperature, high wind speed), complex extremes (tropical cyclones, droughts, ice storms), and unique or singular phenomena (collapse of major ice sheets, major circulation changes). While the first two climate extremes are characterized by the frequency / return period and duration of variable exceeding a critical level, the unique or singular phenomena is characterized by the probability of occurrence and magnitude of impact. Climate variability. Previous studies show that climate variability is important to determine climate change risks and vulnerability.
CLIMATE RISK. Seller has considered long-term climate risks to the Project as required by Ordering Paragraph 14 of CPUC decision D.00-00-000. 39
CLIMATE RISK. Definition. In the context of climate change, risks can arise from potential impacts of climate change as well as human responses to climate change. In the context of climate change impacts, risks result from dynamic interactions between climate-related hazards with the exposure and vulnerability of the affected human or ecological system to the hazards (Xxxxxxxxx et al., 2020).
