High modulation Sample Clauses

High modulation. The use of high modulation order is a significant factor in improving the throughput that can be delivered by the modem. In order accommodate different incompatible modulations, the use of various forward error correction (FEC) schemes and other inefficiencies related to spectral masks and physical layer overheads, we use a term called spectral efficiency. The spectral efficiency is measured in bit per second per Hertz (b/s/Hz) unit and defines how many bits of information a modem can deliver using 1 Hz of spectrum. The use of high modulations has a drawback due to the fact that higher modulations require higher signal to noise (S/N) ratio. This increase in S/N quickly generates diminishing returns, as for example, transition from QPSK modulation to 16QAM modulation doubles the throughput at a cost of roughly 6dB, but transition from 16QAM to 64QAM adds only 50% for the same (roughly) 6dB. Further transition from 64QAM to 256QAM contributes only 30% additional throughput for the same (roughly) 6dB, and so on. The S/N for the wireless link is ultimately determined by the transmission power, antenna gains, receiver noise figure, thermal noise floor and the path loss. Since all the above factors except the last one (path loss) are practically limited by size, or technological feasibility, the S/N requirement determines the maximum supported path loss and thus the usable link distance. The targeted spectral efficiency would therefore be a compromise between the desired throughput and the desired range for the wireless link.
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