Iron Acquisition Sample Clauses

Iron Acquisition. Iron is an essential nutrient for bacterial growth (26). The metal is also indispensable for mammalian survival and promotes the proper functioning of immune cells. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular activities such as oxygen transport and storage, electron transport, and the decomposition of peroxides are dependent on the presence of iron (118, 145). Iron can also be deleterious to the host due to the fact that ferric iron (Fe3+) can stimulate free radical formation via the Xxxxxx reaction, causing damage to DNA and other cellular components. Therefore the balance of iron availability, termed nutritional immunity, is key for survival of the host as well as protection from invading pathogens, termed nutritional immunity (209). As a result, iron is complexed intracellulary with ferritin and hemoproteins and is bound extracellularly to transferrin and lactoferrin, minimizing free iron concentrations in the human host. In order to invade and survive, pathogens such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae have developed several strategies to acquire iron from an iron-limiting host environment, allowing for successful proliferation in vivo. A common mechanism for bacterial iron acquisition is the secretion of siderophores. These low-molecular-weight high affinity chelators of iron successfully compete with transferrin and lactoferrin for the metal. Iron- bound siderophores are then transported into the bacterial periplasm via specific outer membrane receptors that are TonB-dependent and transferred into the cytoplasm via ABC transporters. Once in the bacterial cytoplasm, the Fe3+-siderophore complex is reduced to Fe2+ to release bound iron (12, 42). The gonococcus, however, does not produce or secrete siderophores. Instead it employs the use of TonB-dependent receptors and the TonB-ExbB-ExbD energy transduction complex, similar to TonB-ExbB-ExbD in E.coli, to bind and remove iron directly from transferrin, lactoferrin, hemoglobin, and hemoglobin complexed with haptoglobin. It has been demonstrated that inactivation of tonB has negative effects on the ability of the gonococcus to acquire iron from host sources (19, 188). Gonococcal two-component TonB-dependent receptors are unique in that they contain an accessory lipoprotein in addition to the TonB-dependent gated channel protein. The best-characterized gonococcal two-component TonB-dependent receptor is TbpAB that was discovered for its ability to singularly remove and internalize iron from transferrin (8, 23, 156, 173...
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Related to Iron Acquisition

  • Information Acquisition Connecting Transmission Owner and Developer shall each submit specific information regarding the electrical characteristics of their respective facilities to the other, and to NYISO, as described below and in accordance with Applicable Reliability Standards.

  • Consummation of Acquisition Concurrently with the making of the initial Loans, (i) the Buyer shall have purchased pursuant to the Acquisition Documents (no provision of which shall have been amended or otherwise modified or waived in a manner that is materially adverse to the Lenders’ interests) without the prior written consent of the Agents), and shall have become the owner, free and clear of all Liens, of all of the Acquisition Assets, (ii) the proceeds of the initial Loans shall have been applied in full to pay a portion of the Purchase Price payable pursuant to the Acquisition Documents for the Acquisition Assets and the closing and other costs relating thereto, and (iii) the Buyer shall have fully performed all of the obligations to be performed by it under the Acquisition Documents.

  • Mergers, Acquisitions, Etc Merge or consolidate with any other entity or acquire all or a material part of the assets of any person or entity, or form or create any new Subsidiary or affiliate, or commence operations under any other name, organization, or entity, including any joint venture.

  • Limited Condition Acquisitions Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or any Loan Document to the contrary, when calculating any applicable ratio or any basket based on Consolidated EBITDA or total assets, or determining other compliance with this Agreement (including the determination of compliance with any provision of this Agreement which requires that no Default or Event of Default has occurred, is continuing or would result therefrom, but excluding Section 4.02 to the extent set forth therein) in connection with a Specified Transaction undertaken in connection with the consummation of a Limited Condition Acquisition, the date of determination of such ratio or any basket based on Consolidated EBITDA or total assets, and determination of whether any Default or Event of Default has occurred, is continuing or would result therefrom or other applicable covenant shall, at the option of the Borrower (the Borrower’s election to exercise such option in connection with any Limited Condition Acquisition, an “LCA Election”), be deemed to be the date the definitive agreements for such Limited Condition Acquisition are entered into (the “LCA Test Date”) and if, after such ratios and other provisions are measured on a Pro Forma Basis after giving effect to such Limited Condition Acquisition and the other Specified Transactions to be entered into in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) as if they occurred at the beginning of the applicable Test Period ending prior to the LCA Test Date, the Borrower could have taken such action on the relevant LCA Test Date in compliance with such ratios and provisions, such provisions shall be deemed to have been complied with; provided that no such acquisition shall constitute a Limited Condition Acquisition unless the Payment Conditions are satisfied on a Pro Forma Basis on the applicable LCA Test Date. For the avoidance of doubt, (x) if any of such ratios are exceeded as a result of fluctuations in such ratio (including due to fluctuations in Consolidated EBITDA of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries) at or prior to the consummation of the relevant Limited Condition Acquisition, such ratios and other provisions will not be deemed to have been exceeded as a result of such fluctuations solely for purposes of determining whether the Limited Condition Acquisition is permitted hereunder and (y) such ratios and other provisions shall not be tested at the time of consummation of such Limited Condition Acquisition or related Specified Transactions. If the Borrower has made an LCA Election for any Limited Condition Acquisition, then in connection with any subsequent calculation of any ratio or basket availability with respect to any other Specified Transaction on or following the relevant LCA Test Date and prior to the earlier of the date on which such Limited Condition Acquisition is consummated or the date that the definitive agreement for such Limited Condition Transaction is terminated or expires without consummation of such Limited Condition Acquisition, any such ratio or basket shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis assuming such Limited Condition Acquisition and other transactions in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) have been consummated.

  • Acquisition For the purpose of this Warrant, “Acquisition” means any transaction or series of related transactions involving: (i) the sale, lease, exclusive license, or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company (ii) any merger or consolidation of the Company into or with another person or entity (other than a merger or consolidation effected exclusively to change the Company’s domicile), or any other corporate reorganization, in which the stockholders of the Company in their capacity as such immediately prior to such merger, consolidation or reorganization, own less than a majority of the Company’s (or the surviving or successor entity’s) outstanding voting power immediately after such merger, consolidation or reorganization (or, if such Company stockholders beneficially own a majority of the outstanding voting power of the surviving or successor entity as of immediately after such merger, consolidation or reorganization, such surviving or successor entity is not the Company); or (iii) any sale or other transfer by the stockholders of the Company of shares representing at least a majority of the Company’s then-total outstanding combined voting power.

  • Acquisition Transactions The Company shall provide the holder of this Warrant with at least twenty (20) days’ written notice prior to closing thereof of the terms and conditions of any of the following transactions (to the extent the Company has notice thereof): (i) the sale, lease, exchange, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s property or business, or (ii) its merger into or consolidation with any other corporation (other than a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company), or any transaction (including a merger or other reorganization) or series of related transactions, in which more than 50% of the voting power of the Company is disposed of.

  • Land Acquisition Reimbursement for the costs associated with acquiring interest and/or rights to real property (including access rights through ingress/egress easements, leases, license agreements, or other site access agreements; and/or obtaining record title ownership of real property through purchase) must be supported by the following, as applicable: Copies of Property Appraisals, Environmental Site Assessments, Surveys and Legal Descriptions, Boundary Maps, Acreage Certification, Title Search Reports, Title Insurance, Closing Statements/Documents, Deeds, Leases, Easements, License Agreements, or other legal instrument documenting acquired property interest and/or rights. If land acquisition costs are used to meet match requirements, Xxxxxxx agrees that those funds shall not be used as match for any other Agreement supported by State or Federal funds.

  • Mergers, Acquisition, Sales, etc The Servicer will not consolidate with or merge into any other Person or convey or transfer its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, unless the Servicer is the surviving entity and unless: (i) the Servicer has delivered to the Administrative Agent and each Purchaser Agent an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that any consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer and such supplemental agreement comply with this Section 5.5 and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with and, in the case of the Opinion of Counsel, that such supplemental agreement is legal, valid and binding with respect to the Servicer and such other matters as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request; (ii) the Servicer shall have delivered notice of such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer to the Administrative Agent and each Purchaser Agent; (iii) after giving effect thereto, no Termination Event or Servicer Default or event that with notice or lapse of time would constitute either a Termination Event or a Servicer Default shall have occurred; and (iv) the Administrative Agent and each Purchaser Agent have consented in writing to such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer.

  • Investments; Acquisitions Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, make or own any Investment in any Person, including any Joint Venture, or acquire, by purchase or otherwise, all or substantially all the business, property or fixed assets of, or Capital Stock of any Person, or any division or line of business of any Person except: (i) Company and its Subsidiaries may make and own Investments consisting of Cash and Cash Equivalents; provided that, at any time Revolving Loans or Swing Line Loans are outstanding, the aggregate amount of Cash and Cash Equivalents permitted to be owned by Company and its Domestic Subsidiaries shall not exceed $35,000,000 for any period of five (5) consecutive days; (ii) Company and its Subsidiaries may continue to own the Investments owned by them as of the Closing Date in the Company and in any Subsidiaries of Company (and may convert any such Investments in the form of Indebtedness into Investments in the form of Capital Stock), and Company and its Subsidiaries may make and own additional Investments in the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor; (iii) Company and its Subsidiaries may (a) become liable in respect of Contingent Obligations permitted by subsection 7.4 and (b) make and incur intercompany loans to the extent permitted under subsection 7.1(v); (iv) Company and its Subsidiaries may make Consolidated Capital Expenditures permitted by subsection 7.8; (v) Company and its Subsidiaries may continue to own the Investments described in Schedule 7.3A annexed hereto (and may make incremental Investments contemplated in connection therewith) and any extension or renewal thereof; provided that any additional Investments made with respect thereto shall be permitted only to the extent such Investments are described on Schedule 7.3A or made in accordance with the other provisions of this subsection 7.3; (vi) Company and its Subsidiaries may acquire any business, division, line or assets (including Capital Stock and including Capital Stock of Subsidiaries formed in connection with any such acquisition) for an aggregate purchase price (determined at the time of purchase thereof) not in excess of $75,000,000 in any individual case (provided that such amount may be increased by the amount of any Net Securities Proceeds from the issuance of any Capital Stock, Net Asset Sale Proceeds or Net Insurance/Condemnation Proceeds used to fund such purchase price in accordance with this Agreement, subject, however, to the provisions of subsections 2.4B(iii) and 6.4C hereof (and, with respect to any such Net Securities Proceeds, solely to the extent such Net Securities Proceeds are not applied to increase the limit under subsection 7.8)), and continue to own such assets after the acquisition thereof; provided that (a) no Potential Event of Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time such acquisition occurs or immediately after giving effect thereto, (b) Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, comply with the requirements of subsections 6.8 and 6.9 (within the time period required thereunder or within such other time period as Administrative Agent may permit in its sole discretion) with respect to each such acquisition that results in a Person becoming a Material Subsidiary, (c) all representations and warranties contained herein and in the other Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects with the same effect as though such representations and warranties had been made on and as of the date of such acquisition (both before and after giving effect thereto), unless stated to relate to a specific earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date, (d) for any such acquisitions Company shall have provided (I) financial statements for any Person (or line of business) acquired in any such acquisition for the last Fiscal Year of such Person or line of business, audited or reviewed by independent certified public accountants reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent or such other financial statements, in each case, available to Company and (II) to Administrative Agent a pro-forma Compliance Certificate certified by a Financial Officer of Company and demonstrating that after giving effect to such acquisition, Company and its Subsidiaries shall be in Pro Forma Compliance, and (e) the amount by which (1) the Revolving Loan Commitment Amount exceeds (2) the Total Utilization of Revolving Loan Commitments after giving effect to such acquisition and any related transactions, is not less than $25,000,000; (vii) so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Company and its Subsidiaries may make additional Investments in any Subsidiary that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor; provided that the amount of all such Investments does not (together with Indebtedness permitted by subsection 7.1(v)) exceed $100,000,000 (net of cash amounts paid by any Subsidiary that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor to Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor after the Closing Date in respect of (A) Investments made in such Subsidiary that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor and (B) the share capital of such Subsidiary that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor, including, without limitation, cash payments that are comprised of dividends, share repurchases, share redemptions or other cash returns on such share capital) in the aggregate outstanding at any time for all such Investments; (viii) Company and its Subsidiaries may make and own other Investments in an aggregate amount not to exceed at any time $25,000,000; (ix) Company may acquire and hold obligations of one or more officers or other employees of Company or its Subsidiaries in connection with such officers’ or employees’ acquisition of shares of Company’s Capital Stock, so long as no cash is actually advanced by Company or any of its Subsidiaries to such officers or employees in connection with the acquisition of any such obligations; (x) Company and its Subsidiaries may receive and hold promissory notes and other non-cash consideration received in connection with any Asset Sale permitted by subsection 7.7; (xi) Company and its Subsidiaries may acquire and hold Investments in Securities in connection with the full or partial satisfaction, settlement or enforcement of Indebtedness or claims or other obligations due or owing to Company or any of its Subsidiaries or as security for any such Indebtedness or claim; (xii) any transaction permitted by subsections 7.5 or 7.7; (xiii) deposits, prepayments and extensions of trade credit in the ordinary course of business; (xiv) Company and its Subsidiaries may make the Investments described in Schedule 7.3B annexed hereto; provided that the aggregate fair market value of such Investments (as determined as of the date each such Investment is made) shall not exceed $42,000,000; and (xv) Investments by Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor in any of their respective Subsidiaries (1) consisting of Capital Stock and/or intercompany notes made to achieve cash repatriation strategies or (2) the consideration for which is the cancellation or other settlement of any corresponding intercompany Indebtedness incurred in connection with Investments permitted pursuant to the foregoing clause (1), in each case so long as the net cash Investment by Company or such Subsidiary Guarantor in connection therewith does not (a) exceed zero after the tenth day following the making of such cash Investment and (b) in any event exceed $50,000,000 (taken together with the amount of all other cash Investments then outstanding under this subsection 7.3(xv)) at any time.

  • Creation/Acquisition of Subsidiaries In the event Borrower, or any of its Subsidiaries creates or acquires any Subsidiary, Borrower shall provide prior written notice to Collateral Agent and each Lender of the creation or acquisition of such new Subsidiary and take all such action as may be reasonably required by Collateral Agent or any Lender to cause each such Subsidiary to become a co-Borrower hereunder or to guarantee the Obligations of Borrower under the Loan Documents and, in each case, grant a continuing pledge and security interest in and to the assets of such Subsidiary (substantially as described on Exhibit A hereto); and Borrower (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) shall grant and pledge to Collateral Agent, for the ratable benefit of the Lenders, a perfected security interest in the Shares; provided, however, that solely in the circumstance in which Borrower or any Subsidiary creates or acquires a Foreign Subsidiary in an acquisition permitted by Section 7.7 hereof or otherwise approved by the Required Lenders, (i) such Foreign Subsidiary shall not be required to guarantee the Obligations of Borrower under the Loan Documents and grant a continuing pledge and security interest in and to the assets of such Foreign Subsidiary, and (ii) Borrower shall not be required to grant and pledge to Collateral Agent, for the ratable benefit of Lenders, a perfected security interest in more than sixty-five percent (65%) of the Shares of such Foreign Subsidiary, if Borrower demonstrates to the reasonable satisfaction of Collateral Agent that such Foreign Subsidiary providing such guarantee or pledge and security interest or Borrower providing a perfected security interest in more than sixty-five percent (65%) of the Shares would create a present and existing adverse tax consequence to Borrower under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.

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