Range Expansion. The range and performance of this equip- ment can be improved by the addition of more efficient antennas.* These can be installed either inside or outside the building and are connected to the transmitter with 50 OHM coaxial cable. The center-fed half wave dipole, measuring approximately 12 inches from tip to tip, will provide excellent all round local signalling. It is a light duty antenna suitable for sheltered environments/internal installation (LUHFDP). It includes a 15 foot cable. NOTE: High frequencies can equate to high power losses. Always use quality cable. RG58 is only acceptable on cable runs of up to 5 meters. We recommend RG213, or equivalent, on greater lengths. If in doubt consult your dealer.
Range Expansion. Range expansion is a multistage process. The initial stages will begin by locating and assessing current least chub populations in Utah. Life history studies will establish the environmental and specific habitat requirements for least chub. Genetic research will determine the levels of molecular diversity within and between populations of least chub. Expansion of least chub populations and distribution will occur through introduction or reintroduction from either transplanted least chub or least chub raised in a designated hatchery facility.
1. Preliminary Survey (office oriented) - Intensive literature review of historic localities including museum records. Identify possible areas of occupation with aerial photography.
2. Reconnaissance (field oriented) - Site visit with ground-truthing. Conduct preliminary watershed/drainage basin assessment.
a. Library of previous studies and relevant sampling methodology.
b. Preliminary species and habitat list.
c. Data from previous or similar studies.
d. Information on present land use and habitat quality.
e. Map of major habitat and population distribution.
f. Initial assessment of potential gear and methodology.
1. Conduct an intensive habitat assessment. Use seasonal measurements describing spatial and temporal variation in physical, chemical and biological attributes. (Macrohabitat identification, substrate analysis, refuge assessment, bank condition, vegetation, water flow, water chemistry).
2. Gear evaluation of the most appropriate equipment to use to sample least chub.
3. Measure catch efficiency with xxxx-recapture and/or depletion studies.
4. Determine appropriate sampling method. Choose the appropriate number of samples that minimize costs but still have enough statistical power to detect meaningful differences. Target all life stages if possible. Standardize sampling methodology.
a. Habitat assessments.
b. Analysis of temporal-spatial habitat and population variations.
c. Species richness and abundance.
d. Least chub population estimates.
e. Selection of effective gear.
f. Appropriate sampling methodology for comprehensive level monitoring program.
1. Conduct genetic surveys to determine relatedness of any new least chub populations.
2. Establish introduction, reintroduction, and transplant protocols based on criteria of maintaining genetic integrity and maximizing genetic variability.
3. Establish at least two refuges for each of the three distinct genetic least chub populations.
4. Develop protocols to ...
Range Expansion. Range expansion is a multistage process. The initial stages will begin by locating and assessing current Columbia spotted frog populations in Utah. Life history studies will establish the environmental and specific habitat requirements for Columbia spotted frog. Genetic research will determine the levels of molecular diversity within and between populations of Columbia spotted frog. Expansion of Columbia spotted frog populations and distribution will occur through introduction or reintroduction from either transplanted Columbia spotted frog or Columbia spotted frog raised in a designated hatchery facility.
1. Preliminary Survey (office oriented) - Intensive literature review of historic localities including museum records. Identify gaps and possible areas of occupation with aerial photography. Define distributions (define historical habitat)
2. Reconnaissance (field oriented) - Site visit with ground-truthing. Conduct preliminary watershed/drainage basin assessment.
a. Library of previous studies and relevant sampling methodology.
b. Preliminary species and habitat list.
c. Data from previous or similar studies.
d. Information on present land use and habitat quality.
e. Potential spotted frog habitats for range expansion.
f. Current population distribution.
1. Conduct habitat assessment to determine suitability for spotted frog range expansion. (e.g. winter hibernacula, breeding habitat, thermal refuge, bank condition, vegetation, water flow, water chemistry).
2. Determine dispersal corridors, habitat fragmentation and connectivity between populations.
a. Habitat assessments of occupied spotted frog habitat
b. Habitat evaluations for future range expansion
1. Conduct genetic surveys to determine relatedness of any new Columbia spotted frog populations.
2. Establish introduction, reintroduction, and transplant protocols based on criteria of maintaining genetic integrity and maximizing genetic variability.
3. Develop protocols to manage genetic drift between source and refuge populations.
a. Relatedness and genetic variation within and among Columbia spotted frog populations.
b. Protocols to manage genetic drift.
c. Range expansion protocols.
1. Establish permanent refuge populations in the Bonneville Basin through reintroduction and introductions as per protocols established under Genetic Analysis.
2. Restore Columbia spotted frog to self-sustaining populations.
3. Follow transplant protocols (Utah Code 23-14-21) by receiving approval from local government ...
Range Expansion. In order to obtain the goal for this GMU, five of the six subunits must have spotted frog occupation and at least three of the five subunits must have a minimum effective population size of 1000 individuals in three out of every five years. Only four of the six subunits are currently occupied by spotted frog and it is suspected that only the Provo River subunit has at least 1000 breeding adult individuals. It is anticipated that once additional habitat is available and enhanced, populations naturally expand, however, some brood stock development and subsequent population augmentation will be required. Specific brood stock and augmentation needs need to be identified. This action has been identified for all of the subunits.
Range Expansion. In order to obtain the goal for this GMU, the San Pitch population needs to have a minimum effective population of 1000 individuals. Once habitat enhancement and protection actions have been determined, the actions that will be required to meet the goal will be identified. It is anticipated that once additional habitat is available, the population will naturally expand, however, some brood stock development and subsequent population augmentation may be required. This action has been identified for the San Pitch subunit.
Range Expansion. Range expansion is a multistage process. The initial stages will begin by locating and assessing current Columbia spotted frog populations in Utah. Life history studies will establish the environmental and specific habitat requirements for Columbia spotted frog. Genetic research will determine the levels of molecular diversity within and between populations of Columbia spotted frog. Expansion of Columbia spotted frog populations and distribution will occur through introduction or reintroduction from either transplanted Columbia spotted frog or Columbia spotted frog raised in a designated hatchery facility.
1. Preliminary Survey (office oriented) - Intensive literature review of historic localities including museum records. Identify gaps and possible areas of occupation with aerial photography. Define distributions (define historical habitat)
