Bumiputera definition

Bumiputera means Malaysians of indigenous origin.

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Bumiputera means “sons of the soil” and refers to indigenous Malaysians, as opposed to ethnic Chinese and Indian populations that live in Malaysia. UNCTAD, FDI & Performance Requirements (n 5) 137, 143. While the New Economic Policy (NEP) officially ended in the 1990s, a number of its policies, including local employment requirements, continued as part of new programmes, notably the National Development Policy (NDP) for 1991-2000 and the National Vision Policy (NVP) for 2001-2010: Trang Tran, The Impact of Affirmative Action and Equity Regulations on Malaysia's Manufacturing Firms, World Bank Paper (June 2013) <http://conference.iza.org/conference_files/worldb2014/tran_t8194.pdf> accessed 12 February 2017, 2-3.

Bumiputera means “sons of the soil” and refers to indigenous Malaysians, as opposed to ethnic Chinese and Indian populations that live in Malaysia. UNCTAD, FDI & Performance Requirements (n 5) 137, 143. While the New Economic Policy (NEP) officially ended in the 1990s, a number of its policies, including local employment requirements, continued as part of new programmes, notably the National Development Policy (NDP) for 1991-2000 and the National Vision Policy (NVP) for 2001-2010: Trang Tran, The Impact of Affirmative Action and Equity Regulations on Malaysia's Manufacturing Firms, World Bank Paper (June 2013) <http://conference.iza.org/conference_files/worldb2014/tran_t8194.pdf> accessed 12 February 2017, 2-3. 464 UNCTAD, FDI & Performance Requirements (n 5) 201. Under the Employment Equity Act, the expression “designated groups” is defined to mean black people, women and people with disabilities; the Local employee training requirements can notably take the form of compulsory contributions to skills or human resources development funds and have been imposed notably by Malaysia and South Africa.465 Local employment and training requirements have further been adopted by Angola, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria.466 Performance requirements can also serve as regional development tools: in instances where goods or services produced in or supplied from disadvantaged areas cannot overcome competitive shortcomings, host States may compel investors displaying more advanced production capabilities to locate their activities in such areas instead of directly subsidising production in disadvantaged areas over long periods.467 For example, through its Regional Selective Assistance (“RSA”) programme in place since the 1970s, the United Kingdom has attributed discretionary grants to corporations located in disadvantaged regions plagued notably by high unemployment.468 As a further example, Mexico made use of localisation requirements as part of its Programme for Promoting the Manufacturing of Electronic Computer Systems, Their Main Modules and Their Peripheral Equipment, known as the 1981 Computing Programme: one of the numerous eligibility requirements in order to access incentives consisted of establishing operations anywhere but in areas of maximum industrial concentration.469

Examples of Bumiputera in a sentence

• Any measure and special preference granted to Bumiputera, Bumiputera status companies, trust companies and institutions set up to meet the objectives of the New Economic Policy (NEP) and the National Development Policy (NDP) shall be unbound.

• B) The VENDOR is currently still in discussions with LEMBAGA TABUNG ANGKATAN TENTERA with a view to its being the Malaysian Bumiputera investor to whom the VENDOR will divest its rights to the 20% Block.

• An announcement indicating the Bumiputra sale will be made before commencement of a sale of Bumiputera restricted properties.

• The VENDOR is currently in discussion with LEMBAGA TABUNG ANGKATAN TENTERA with a view to its being the Malaysian Bumiputera investor to take up the 10% Block pursuant to the proposed divestment.

• B) To fulfil the equity requirements set out by the MDTCA pursuant to the DS Guidelines, the VENDOR is willing to restructure NSMH (as the holding company of NSM) and to divest, in the manner described in Recital III(C), its right to 70% (Seventy percent) of its effective equity shareholdings in NSM to Malaysians, including 30% (Thirty percent) thereof to Bumiputera Malaysian.

• C) The PURCHASER has agreed that following NSE’s divestment of its rights to the 20% Block to LEMBAGA TABUNG ANGKATAN TENTERA and/or the Other Bumiputera Investor, the equity interests of the PURCHASER in the enlarged share capital of NSMH will be diluted accordingly.

• However, PRIOR to this auction, it is the responsibility and liability of intended bidder to obtain further confirmations from Developer/Proprietor and /or the relevant authorities (whether or not the Property is reserved for Bumiputera or Malay only and the Purchaser’s eligibility and qualification to purchase the Property) .

• Privilege method is the exclusive right given to Bumiputera and government public enterprises due to the affirmative action policy through the implementation of NEP.

• SESB has also focus on development of Bumiputera Vendors as well as its continuous pursuance on ‘Smart Partnership’ concept with potential Vendors.

• The programme’s emphasis on dynamic Bumiputera SMEs was timely and reasonable, although like the NEM, it involved selective interventions not systemic transformation.

More Definitions of Bumiputera

Bumiputera literally means “prince of the earth” or “sons of the soil.” In Malaysia, this term is especially applied to the members of those “indigenous” ethnic groups of Malaysia who receive preferential treatment under the New Economic Policy (NEP) first announced in 1970 and launched in 1971 by the government. NEP sought to promote national unity through two-pronged strategy: (1) to raise income levels for all Malaysians; (2) to accelerate the process of restructuring Malaysian society to correct economic imbalance, so as to reduce and eventually eliminate the identification of race with economic function and geographical location. See: Simon Barraclough, A Dictionary of Malaysian Politics (Singapore: Heinemann Asia, 1988), 13, 60; “The New Economy Policy: Goals and Strategy,” (accessed 27 June 2013), available from http://www.epu.gov.my/epu-theme/rmk3/chapt%201.pdf; Internet; Malaysia Tourism Board, “People” (accessed 27 June 2013) http://www.tourism.gov.my/en/Master/Web-Page/About-Malaysia/Culture-n-Heritage; Internet.

Bumiputera means ‘child of the land’ in the Malay language, which represents ethnic Malays and the natives

Bumiputera means ‘princes or sons of the soil’.46 Basically, it refers to the indigenous groups in Sabah and Sarawak who are not regarded as Malays,47 but who like them are granted special rights. The Malays are also classified as ‘bumiputera’. Among the indigenous groups in Sabah are Kadazan/Dusuns, Bajaus, Indonesians and Muruts, while the indigenous communities in Sarawak are Ibans, Christian Bidayuhs and the Melanaus.48 However, the Constitution of Malaysia in article 153 does not use the term ‘bumiputera’ to describe these groups. It refers to “...the Malays and natives of any of the States of Sabah and Sarawak...”49 The ‘bumiputera’ have been given special rights and privileges, as stated in the Constitution of Malaysia, article 153. This includes holding positions in public service, obtaining “...scholarships, exhibitions and other similar educational or training privileges or special facilities given or accorded by the Federal Government...”50 and obtaining a permit or license to operate a trade or business that is required by the federal law.51 These special rights or privileges are under the safeguard of the King of Malaysia, known in the Malay language as ‘Yang di-Pertuan Agong’.52

Bumiputera means persons of Malay race or from the aboriginal or indigenous tribes in Malaysia as defined in the Constitution of Malaysia.