Artificial & Synthetic Biology Sample Clauses

Artificial & Synthetic Biology. Biodesign practices that go beyond the utilisation of existing biological agents or materials and focus on the design of the organism or material itself are called Artificial or Synthetic Biology. These biodesign disciplines often receive most attention in popular media. Synthetic Biology is a field, which uses the concepts, vocabulary, and culture of engineering while focusing on the subject of biological sciences. The main objective is to abstract biological engineering using standardization to enable the development of computer aided design tools (f.e. GenomeCompiler) and computer simulation of biodesigns (f.e. TinkerCell). Due to this abstraction a “SynBio Engineer” it is no longer required to fully understand or work with living materials. These recent developments reduce the obstacles to engage with biological engineering and enable the rapid uptake by both researchers from traditional academia and industry to hobbyist biohackers in community biolabs. International competitions such as the International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) Competition have been critical in raising the profile of Synthetic Biology. Teams are typically made up of young scientists that come either from universities or community labs (Xxxx.xxx, 2016). Such competitions allow participants to pilot and test innovative ideas that sit within the boundary of research and design. Artificial Biology is a discipline that aims to create living organisms out of non-living components or alter living organisms to such an extent that these are no longer compatible to the current definition of life. For example the replacement of DNA bases by chemically altered substitutes (also referred to as Xenobiology) or the creation of artificial cells out of individual components. Products within this field covers topics as diverse as culturing artificial meat (Tissue Culture and Art Project, 2003), creation of novel biofuels (Xxxx Unlimited) and growing bone with patient’s stem cells (Xxxxxxx.xxx, 2016).
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Related to Artificial & Synthetic Biology

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