Aspirin Sample Clauses

Aspirin.  Pharmacists may prescribe Aspirin 81mg once daily for primary and secondary heart attack and stroke prevention for patients with diabetes aged 50 years or greater with the following considerations:  One additional major risk factor (family history of premature ASCVD, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or tobacco use)  Not currently using other antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy  Not at an increased risk of bleeding  No allergy or intolerance to NSAIDs  Pharmacists may authorize 30-day supply with one-year refills to be used once daily.  Current treatment guidelines (see Appendix 2.5.4)

Aspirin. Aspirin, otherwise known as acetylsalicylic acid, irreversibly inhibits both XXX enzymes through acetylation of a critical serine residue, although its effect on XXX-1 is at least ten fold greater than that on XXX-2 80. By predominantly inhibiting XXX-1, TXA2-induced platelet activation and aggregation are blocked 84. Aspirin achieves maximum platelet inhibition within 2 hours following a loading dose and inhibits aggregation in circulating platelets for at least 5 days 85 86. There has been some debate over the past decade as to whether aspirin resistance is a clinically significant issue, requiring patients deemed to be ‘poor responders’ to switch to an alternative anti-platelet agent 87 88. It has since been shown that whilst platelet function assays may produce variable results, and thus suggest that aspirin resistance is present, platelet XXX-1 activity, as reflected by TXA2 levels, is uniformly and persistently suppressed by low-dose aspirin 89 and it is now generally accepted that true pharmacological resistance to aspirin is rare 90. The analgesic and topical antiseptic properties of salicylates have been recognised since at least 3000 BC, with the Ancient Egyptians and Sumerians documenting the medicinal benefits of willow and other salicylate-rich trees and plants, such as meadowsweet 91. Xxxxxxxxxxx prescribed willow tea to labouring women to relive pain in the fifth century BC 92 and the Roman encyclopaedist, Aulus Celsus, documented the anti-inflammatory effects of willow leaf in his De Medicina treatise in the first century AD 93. Acetylsalicylic acid was initially synthesised by Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx in 1853 94 and subsequently marketed as a commercially available drug in 1899 by the Bayer pharmaceutical company. The drug was named ‘aspirin’, with the ‘a’ representing the acetyl group that was added to salicylic acid to create the drug, the ‘spir’ deriving from the plant, Spiraea ulmaria, from which the salicylates were isolated, and ‘in’ being a common suffix for drugs at the time 95. The drug achieved prominence in the Spanish influenza pandemic of 1918 and remained unchallenged in its position as the leading analgesic agent until the 1950s, when paracetamol was brought to the market. Alongside its analgesic and antipyretic effects, aspirin has been recognised as an inhibitor of platelet function for around 50 years 96 and, to date, remains the most commonly prescribed drug worldwide 97. The pharmacologists, Xxxx Xxxx and Xxxxxxxxx Xxx...