Expressed emotion and posttraumatic stress symptoms Sample Clauses

Expressed emotion and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Within a framework that conceptualises high EE as a strategy to reduce perceived stress, it is possible that carers who have experienced traumatic life events related to their caring role and are experiencing posttraumatic stress symptoms as a result, will also exhibit high EE. Xxxxxxxx (1992) proposes an interactive model of EE and psychiatric relapse, in which high EE among carers could be both a cause of, and a response to, the psychiatric relapse among individuals with psychosis. High EE among caregivers may be a response to, and an indicator of stress that arises from coping with difficult, disturbed and uncontrollable behaviour often associated with psychiatric relapse (Xxxx, 2010; Xxxxxx, Xxxxx, & Xxxxxxxx, 1995; Xxxxx et al., 2004). Similarly, it has been suggested that EOI and criticism are adaptive responses to threatened loss (Xxxxxxxxx et al., 2005). If high EE is conceptualised as representing a carer’s attempt to cope with an individual’s illness, then it has been argued that high EOI carers might be appraising their situation differently and thus adopting different strategies from those of high critical carers (Xxxxxxxxxxxx et al., 1994). Xxxxx et al. (2009) found that low EE carers attributed more responsibility to the service user for positive events, than high EOI carers. The authors suggested that this may be a protective strategy used by low EE carers. One study investigating posttraumatic stress symptoms in parents of children with acute xxxxx demonstrated the importance of family conflict in the development of PTSD or possibly family cohesion in the prevention of PTSD (Hall et al., 2006). The results suggested that parental anxiety predicted increased parent-child conflict; and increased conflict with their children was directly related to the development of PTSD symptoms in parents. The authors suggested that anxious parents may develop active avoidant strategies that produce conflict with their children such as restricting their child’s activities to reduce risk of further injury. Further, it was suggested that ongoing conflict may prevent the processing of trauma and may maintain PTSD symptoms. They also found that conflict with extended family before the trauma was predictive of acute dissociative responses in parents. It is possible that a similar process may occur with carers of people with psychosis. For instance, it could be that greater expressions of criticism by carers (high EE) may be related to posttraumatic stress sympto...
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Related to Expressed emotion and posttraumatic stress symptoms

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  • Infection Control Consistent with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guideline for Infection Control in Health Care Personnel, and University Policy 3364-109-EH-603, the parties agree that all bargaining unit employees who come in contact with patients in the hospital or ambulatory care clinics will need to be vaccinated against influenza when flu season begins each fall. The influenza vaccine will be offered to all health care workers, including pregnant women, before the influenza season, unless otherwise medically contraindicated or it compromises sincerely held religious beliefs.

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  • Vaccination and Inoculation (a) The Employer agrees to take all reasonable precautions, including in-service seminars, to limit the spread of infectious diseases among employees.

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  • Infectious Disease Where an employee produces documentary evidence that:

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