Common use of Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals Clause in Contracts

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefits.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Advance the development of a zinc-ion battery storage solution focused on safe customer-side of the meter deployment. • Validate a cost-effective and high performing energy storage solution to support higher levels of renewables and a carbon-free future by 2045. • Scale the tree mortality crisis; ● Recipient’s zinc-ion battery storage solution from laboratory demonstration to prototype testing in a customer side of the meter application. • Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projectsgreater reliability, lower costs, and increase safety for investor owned utility (IOU) ratepayers. • Enable technological advancement to meet overcome barriers to achieve California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean , including SB 350 and SB 100. • Demonstrate improved energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy density, increased cycle performance, improved reliability and safety, better lifecycle performance, and lower costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification as compared to currently fielded systems. • Replace fossil fuel powered backup generators in California; response to public safety power shutoffs and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation other emergency power shutoffs due to infrastructure failures, natural disasters, and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wastesevere weather events. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will should result in the ratepayer benefits of benefits, including greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand safety. The zinc-ion battery systems should provide the necessary infrastructure reliability and resiliency, as well as safety, for forestry biomass waste IOU ratepayers during periods of planned and generating cheap energyunplanned power shut offs. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. AdditionallyIn addition, the ability of IOUs project should help reduce energy costs and address peak load reduction and shifting through robust energy storage charge and discharge, storing energy during non-peak hours to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)be used during expensive peak hours. The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity zinc-ion battery also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will should provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of safer 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPICresidential energy storage solution with greater longevity than lithium-funded projects ion energy storage. According to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scaleRecipient, the PT+ will result baseline electrolyte for Recipient’s zinc-ion battery is zinc sulfate dissolved in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectorswater, should provide benefits over lithium-ion technology, including manufacturingnon- flammability, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsimportant safety factor for residential battery storage.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals goal of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related is to quantify the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding benefits of utilizing cooking electrification and scaling proactive forestry management other interventions to reduce air pollutant exposures and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake improve the respiratory health of tariffs children with asthma, particularly in support under-resourced areas of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits benefit of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste reducing in-home exposures to air pollutants generated by natural gas cooking burners and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety also by creating an economic driver to support forest thinningcooking, thus reducing irrespective of the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)burner fuel. The PT+’s significant increase Agreement will focus on implementing controls to the benefit of children with asthma in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up income-qualifying households in areas in and improves the economics of wildfire risk reductionaround Kern, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW)Fresno, and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandSan Xxxxxxx counties. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing advancing cooking electrification and the LCOE availability and use of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake other technologies and approaches to mitigate the impacts of the undersubscribed BioMAT program indoor air pollution from cooking and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015)cooking burners. The PT+ project will quantify the impacts of replacing natural gas cooking ranges with electric induction ranges or using 120V countertop electric appliances to reduce gas range use. The project will also help overcome barriers quantify the benefits of ensuring that homes have adequate kitchen exhaust ventilation or portable air cleaners, and the occupants know to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decompositionuse them for exposure reduction. The carbon sequestration potential project will develop and demonstrate the integration of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist these controls into a home-based asthma control program that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbonserves income-qualifying households in areas in and around Kern, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative Fresno and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture San Xxxxxxx counties. The costs and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component challenges of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF)xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF).‌ replacing gas ranges and ensuring that homes have adequate kitchen exhaust ventilation will be documented and used to develop recommendations for program design. 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects Findings from the project will be transferred via technical manuscripts submitted to lead scientific journals and presentations to technological advancement key stakeholders and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitspublic.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Transition the California new home construction market to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model HPA and HPW construction practices. • Prepare workers for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) employment, provide skills for renewable bioenergy projectscareer advancement, and increase the supply of workers with the skills needed to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout install HPA and HPW assemblies. • Ease the state; ● Reduce energy costs cost burden and risks to California businesses to make significant changes to construction practices. • Encourage early adoption of HPA and HPW resulting in Zero Net Energy (ZNE)-ready envelope design. 2 Requirements adopted by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasteCalifornia Energy Commission on June 11, 2015. Ratepayer Benefits:2 Benefits:3 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliabilityreliability due to reduced peak heating, lower costsventilation, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energyair conditioning (HVAC) loads on the grid. This benefit is provided by constructing homes with lower peak cooling demand resulting from better insulation of ducts and living space. The Agreement will increase safety by creating an economic driver also result in lower electricity rates and costs to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. AdditionallyAs demands for expensive peak power production are reduced through improvements to wall and attic insulation, the ability of IOUs overall generation costs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (utilities will be lowered and hence by savings will be passed on to ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase costs of home ownership will be lowered due to more efficient home envelope designs, which result in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up lower utility bills throughout life of the home, as well as lower initial purchase price due to builder cost savings resulting from process and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up technological improvements to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandconstruction practice. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 Breakthroughs:4 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE providing training on successful implementation of distributed gasificationHPA and HPW construction techniques that are not yet widely deployed in California. By involving builders, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technologymanufacturers, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms market actors in early adoption of disposalHPA and HPW systems in California, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential the Agreement will create a space for collaborative development of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbonnew HPA and HPW approaches prior to code enforcement deadlines, resulting in real-world cost-effective advancements in ZNE-ready envelope design, which is what removes a major barrier to meeting the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the stateState’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefits.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Demonstrate a technology that can substantially increase volatile solids breakdown resulting in increased biogas yield from food and organic wastes. • Demonstrate how the combined technologies of thermal hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion can work together to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide produce a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy product that is significantly free of inorganic contamination (+99% contaminate free) that will not cause serious upsets to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projectsanaerobic digestion, and demonstrate a new depackaging technology that produces a near contaminate free digester feedstock from source-separated organics processing. • Digest the organic fraction, converting it into gas and ultimately energy. • Demonstrate that it is possible to meet divert organics from landfill economically and achieve California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap netdiversion goals and revitalize under-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification utilized assets in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasteWWT. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, reliability and lower costs, and increased safety by creating costs by: • Demonstrating a strong market demand for forestry biomass technology that both diverts organic waste and generating cheap energyproduces low-cost renewable electricity. This demand • Combining activities of organic process and anaerobic digestion that will increase safety yield greater biogas generation and utilization which can have a positive impact to rate payers through reduced, or delayed, rate increases by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investorproviding a low-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs cost renewable electricity for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandrate payers. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas By successfully demonstrating the combined technologies of this project, WWT operators will have greater confidence in working with organic generators and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decompositionprocessors for accepting feedstock material suitable for co-digestion. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● • Annual electricity and thermal savingssavings (kilowatt-hours and therms) • Flexible generation (ability to ramp up and down in response to solar and wind intermittency); ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● and/or • Energy cost infrastructure reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk• Better use of effluent waters • Reduction in the amount of biomass that goes to landfills; ● Local • Net local air quality benefits; ● and • Water use and/or cost reductions (through energy savings); and ● • Watershed benefits.benefits • Supporting Healthy Soils Initiative

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects• Design, build, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goalsdemonstrate all operational steps of the lithium recovery from geothermal brine at an existing geothermal power plant in Calipatria, California operated by CalEnergy Recourses LTD; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout • Develop and demonstrate a lithium recovery system that will improve the stateeconomic productivity and flexibility of existing geothermal power plant facilities; ● Reduce energy costs • Demonstrate, by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate processing at least 100 gallons of brine per minute a lithium recovery technology that has already been demonstrated and proven at the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in Californiapilot scale; and ● Mitigate climate change through • Demonstrate the avoidance conversion of conventional energy generation and the sequestration samples of fixed carbon from biomass wasteextracted lithium chloride to battery-grade lithium carbonate. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of of: greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating enabling the cost-effective production of battery- grade lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide from lithium chloride recovered from geothermal brine. By producing and selling high-value lithium compounds, existing geothermal power plants will be able to reduce the cost of power generation by as much as 35 percent, which will enable them to stabilize ratepayer costs over long periods of time or even reduce them. The cost-effective production of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide from geothermal brine will also support the development of affordable, lithium-ion-based grid storage. This, in turn, will support the ability of wind and solar generation facilities—which produce power intermittently—to shift their energy supply to the utility grid at times of excess production. In this way, the project will lead to lower- cost renewable electricity and a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste more reliable grid. Additionally, by improving the economics associated with the construction and generating cheap energy. This demand operation of geothermal power plants in California, the project will increase safety by creating an economic driver also encourage the construction of new plants, which will enable California to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk shift more of catastrophic wildfire its baseload generation capacity to clean geothermal power and the associated damage to investoraway from more carbon-owned utility (IOU) infrastructureintensive sources, such as transmission lines nuclear and remote substationsfossil- based natural gas. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. AdditionallyBy reducing reliance on these sources and improving grid reliability, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant proposed technology could, once commercialized, also increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability ratepayer safety by reducing peak loading by up emissions of GHGs and toxic air pollutants, thereby improving public health. Finally, deployment of more geothermal power plants directly supports California’s legislative mandates for the transition to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, 100% renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification demonstrating an advanced lithium recovery technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome Salton Sea Known Geothermal Area contains an estimated six million tons of recoverable lithium within presently available geothermal resources. Yet, significant barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted stand in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component way of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) accessing this abundant resource and using it to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement achieve many of the state’s statutory and energy goals. , including increasing the value of geothermal resources to California’s energy goalselectricity system. When deployed at scale, The major challenges for lithium production in this region relate to the PT+ harsh chemistry of the brine and the difficultly of developing a low-cost and highly selective process for lithium recovery. These challenges have to date prevented commercial deployment of conventional lithium recovery technologies. The project team will result in test and demonstrate a unique approach to processing this challenging brine chemistry. The technological advancements to be pursued will be 1) the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); a pre-treatment process that will prepare the incoming brine for lithium removal during the subsequent lithium recovery phase and ● Watershed benefits2) the demonstration of a lithium recovery system capable of long-term, economic recovery of lithium from pre-processed geothermal brine.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● • Scale-up and validate a novel conductive SiC wafer manufacturing technology to LRIP stage • Decrease the costs associated with SiC-on-SiC power electronics and associated infrastructure • Increase the efficiency of SiC-on-SiC power modules • Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding environmental impact of the manufacturing of SiC-on-SiC power electronics • Enable next-generation SiC-on-SiC power electronics and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. module architectures Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk price and increasing the efficiency of catastrophic wildfire electric grid transmission and the associated damage to investorelectric vehicle charging infrastructure as well as enabling large-owned utility (IOU) infrastructurescale adoption of next-generation, such as transmission lines high-efficiency power electronics architectures in electric vehicle, industrial, electrified rail and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)wind energy applications. The PT+lower costs benefit is the most direct and visible as it will entail reductions in ratepayer monthly energy bills due to the enhanced electrical efficiency of a broad range of products as well as reductions in residential, commercial, and utility scale renewable energy costs. Greater reliability and safety are primarily due to the proven increases in reliability and safety of SiC-on-SiC compared to traditional power electronics, especially when considering next-generation product architectures uniquely enabled by Halo’s significant technology. Increased safety is also achieved due to the increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying California’s renewable electricity generation that will be driven by the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer Agreement as well as the development of next generation, efficient, solid-state grid managers new tools transmission hardware that is much less likely to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandfail. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing demonstrating and validating a novel conductive silicon carbide wafer manufacturing technology and generating significant long-term benefits in the LCOE power electronics field including: a decrease in costs associated with SiC-on-SiC power electronics, an increase in the energy efficiency of distributed gasificationa broad range of products, helping drive uptake a reduction in the environmental impact of the undersubscribed BioMAT program manufacturing of conductive SiC wafers and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment enabling of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net large- scale adoption of next-generation power electronics architectures. Since energy metering. This breakthrough will help California efficiency is at the heart of California’s push to achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) energy goals, these benefits will accelerate the timeline for achieving the targets, reduce the financial burden on the state and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1ratepayers associated with achieving the targets as well as reinvigorate the California manufacturing sector to provide additional high-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) skilled jobs and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted a resurgent technological leadership role in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitshigh- tech materials industry.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Grid Interactive & Local Air Quality – Demonstrate the ability to build a grid-interactive multi-family building without adversely impacting the day-to-day life of the occupants and increasing local electrical capacity to help enable Port of San Diego’s use of shore power to reduce local diesel emissions. • Replicability & Scalability – With the reuse of single use shipping containers and offsite fabrication, design a system of modular construction to be replicable and scalable to promote throughout the building industry as a pilot of streamlined construction. • Increase Housing Supply & Affordability – Responding to the tree mortality local housing crisis; ● Provide a financial model , provide an entirely low-income development of safe, affordable, permanent long-term units for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) very low-income families who are housing insecure. • Increase Health & Wellness for renewable bioenergy projectsTenants, Staff, Visitors, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout Neighbors – Prioritize and elevate the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate health and wellness of the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; tenants, staff, visitors, and ● Mitigate climate change neighbors through the avoidance of conventional energy generation exterior circulation, tasteful landscape design, protected outdoor areas for play and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasterespite, a community garden, and design for safety. Ratepayer Benefits:2 Benefits2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits benefit[s] of greater electricity reliability, reliability for the region due to the ability to off-load the buildings energy demands during peak times or grid events. This provides excess capacity for other ratepayers. The same demand response capability should help to lower ratepayer costs, and increased safety by creating due to the infrastructure cost reductions associated with a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energygrid-responsive design. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver By designing the Xxxxxx Avenue Project to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investorall-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionallyelectric standards, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)building reduces local emissions. The PT+grid responsiveness helps save capacity for the Port of San Diego’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up upcoming cruise ship shore power and improves industrial electrification projects. These bayfront corridor electrification projects are critical to improving the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&EBarrio Xxxxx neighborhood’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandair quality. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 Breakthroughs3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015)goals. The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving State of California’s greenhouse gas 2045 carbon neutrality goal (GHGSenate Xxxx (SB) 100) mandates zero carbon emissions reduction (AB 32buildings, 2006) and air quality improvement goalsa grid that can service the future carbon-free building stock. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand Xxxxxx Avenue Project will be a leading example of multi-family, all-electric, low-income design using a variety of technologies which have not been deployed in conjunction with each other in California, if the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise individual technologies have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposaldeployed at all. San Diego is currently lacking in case studies for all-electric multi-family designs, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carboncentralized heat pump hot water heating, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking biofull islandability, grid-energy technologyresponsiveness, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costsV2G charging, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00containerized multi-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF)family construction. 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement Each one of these technologies will be a piece of San Diego and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goalsfuture. When deployed at scaleThe Xxxxxx Avenue Project plans to act as a shining example of each technology individually - and provide insights into how integrating the suite of technologies can improve this community’s low-income population, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processingpollution-burdened neighborhoods, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsthought-leading utilities.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Improve lithium-ion battery direct recycling processes; • Demonstrate pathways for incorporation of recycled materials into battery manufacturing, • Inform scale-up and future commercialization efforts to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification establish direct recycling capacity in California; • Achieve 95% recovery yield of various LIB cathodes (NCA, NMC, LMO and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance LFP) and anode materials (graphite) from spent EV and ESS batteries; • Achieve >99% purity of conventional cathodes and graphite anode after entire regeneration process and demonstrate >99% capacity retention compared with pristine commercial materials; • Demonstrate 5 kg/day of process throughput in a pilot operation scale; • Achieve total recycling process time of 1 day per process cycle (one full batch); • Demonstrate energy generation consumption of <3kWh/ kilogram (kg) cathode and the sequestration <2kWh/kg anode; and • Achieve operational cost of fixed carbon from biomass waste< $5/kg for NMC and NCA cathodes and < $2/kg for LMO, LFP and graphite anode. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste improving and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver scaling the Recipient’s direct recycling and regeneration technology to support forest thinningmulti-kilogram, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage pilot-scale tested under representative real-world operation conditions (TRL 4 to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers6). The PT+’s significant increase As the materials cost represents 50-70% of the total battery cost in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up ESS and improves the economics PEVs, successful recycling and regeneration of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ spent LIB using low-cost processes will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has have the potential to increase significantly reduce overall battery costs. New stationary storage batteries manufactured with recycled materials could potentially provide reliability and other benefits to grid reliability significantly when deployed operators with equivalent safety, performance, and at scalelower cost than batteries made from mined materials, thereby saving ratepayers money. The technology project will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energyinform future commercialization efforts and help establish direct recycling capacity in California. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program Project are to develop and increasing scale up advanced direct regeneration technologies to recycle and reuse spent LIBs for the potential for mass commercial deployment benefit of distributed biomass gasification technologyboth recapturing valuable materials and mitigating environmental pollution. Unlike today’s industry recycling methods (pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes), particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough the Recipient will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathwaysfocus heavily on: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity addressing safety and Combined Heat environmental issues related to handling and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generationtreating spent batteries and their materials inside; and 2) achieving reasonable economic return by recovering high-value materials at high efficiency and low cost. • Improving the biochar offtake enables efficiency of spent LIBs sorting and separation processes, • Improving the sequestration efficiency of hundreds cathode and anode separation • Enhancing the efficiency of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; low-temperature cathode regeneration • Developing upcycling of anode materials to support high performance LIB full cells, and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG • Designing new process knowledge and criteria emissions by reducing the risk strategies for commercialization of GHG emissions direct recycling of spent LIB from wildfire electric vehicles and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decompositionenergy storage systems. The carbon sequestration potential Recipient will improve the efficiency of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbonunit operations, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted leading to future commercialization efforts to establish direct recycling capacity in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefits.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects• Develop, test, and demonstrate a 10 percent lower cost high-efficiency heat pump at 18 Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) and 9.6 Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) with low or ultra low GWP refrigerant, compared to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout competing high efficiency heat pumps on the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in Californiamarket today; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance • Develop and test a high efficiency microchannel heat exchanger with 15 to 20 percent higher effectiveness of performance compared to conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasteheat exchangers. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits by developing high efficiency heat pumps at lower cost and increased safety. The novel compressor drive technology allows lower cost components to be used to achieve variable capacity, improving efficiency of greater electricity reliabilitythe heat pump at part load conditions. These advancements are necessary for wide-scale adoption of next generation heat pump technology in order to be competitive with standard furnaces since operating costs of furnaces are generally lower than standard efficiency heat pumps. This compressor drive technology will be utilized in both a near- and medium-term solution for improved heat pump technologies in this project. Electrifying space heating in California would have a significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions in the state by replacing burning of fossil fuels to heat buildings with electric heating systems. Furthermore, lower as California transitions to low-GWP refrigerants, it will be necessary to consider the safety of alternative refrigerants that will likely have some mild flammability. The technologies developed in this project will incorporate safety features to ensure the equipment operating with a low-GWP refrigerant poses minimal risk to California residents. The medium-term solution will go a step further by investigating air-to-water heat pumps that can be factory sealed and completely contained outside the home. A secondary fluid (water/glycol) would then be used to deliver heating and cooling to the home. This solution has many benefits including: ability to use ultra-low GWP refrigerants (R-290), minimize refrigerant leakage, reduce installation costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand allow for forestry biomass waste thermal storage and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandload shifting. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE cost of distributed gasificationhigh efficiency heat pumps and developing equipment that will meet the anticipated regulation that will limit the GWP of refrigerants to <750. Currently, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy meteringhigh efficiency heat pumps demonstrate a 15-40 percent improvement over standard efficiency equipment4 but come at a cost premium. This breakthrough project will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1develop a low-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist cost compressor drive technology that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, improve the performance of standard efficiency equipment by allowing for variable-capacity operation. Reducing capacity is the primary strategy that best-in-class equipment uses to improve performance due to improvements in heat exchanger and motor efficiency. This development will occur while also designing the equipment to operate with a low-GWP refrigerants which will ensure the solution is what appropriate for the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component next generation of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsheat pump technologies.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Develop and validate the AES energy storage system technology for electricity- in/electricity-out applications • Perform pilot-scale testing of baseline and improved AES technology to raise the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide TRL level of the technology • Develop designs for a financial model commercial scale AES system that validate its energy storage capabilities and ability to support renewable power reliability at lower cost and higher efficiency for funding Investor Owned Utilities (IOU) and scaling proactive forestry management behind-the-meter applications. • Establish readiness for scale-up and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) prototype development for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the microgrid deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement project will result in the ratepayer benefits of by validating the AES technologies’ capability to provide: greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market managing the intermittency of generation by renewable sources such as wind or solar. By storing excess energy generated by these sources during times of low demand, the proposed system could improve grid reliability by providing ultra-rapid response to increases in- grid demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap through discharging the stored energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver would help to support forest thinningmitigate the asynchronous generation of solar and wind sources and its impact on the electrical grid, thus reducing as well as facilitate the risk deployment of catastrophic wildfire these technologies in order to meet the State of California’s 2045 energy goals and the associated damage AB-2514 and SB-1369. The AES technology may provide electricity-out at a significantly lower cost than conventional spinning reserve technologies, as it does not consume significant quantities of fuel while idling or generating power. Compared to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to traditional battery systems or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs water electrolyzer used for ratepayers. Additionallystoring energy, the ability AES technology has much lower risks of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (failure and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandimproved safety. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome by eliminating the barriers to associated with conventional water electrolyzer systems cost-effectively by cleverly deploying currently wasted streams in the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed emerging green-tech sector. It will produce green electrolytic H2 from these stranded assets - currently estimated at >2,000 GWh/yr (tail gases from biomass gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program liquid biofuels, biogas-fueled reformers and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technologyfuel cells, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015etc.). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers following unique technology features lead to achieving California’s greenhouse gas game-changing advantages: Ultra-high Electrical Efficiency at Enhanced Safety & Lower Cost means oxygen-free electrolysis dramatically reduces electricity use, from >50 to <10 kWh/kg H2 (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32less Platinum, 2006) no fire hazard). Thermal integration for Rapid Response, range extension results in efficient waste heat recovery and air quality improvement goalsreuse. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement Operating flexibility for a variety of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration Dilute/Waste H2 Streams allows for electrolysis stack capable of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposalhandling impurities, such as open pile burning or decompositionCO - up to 10% (very attractive for deployment). The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ Integrated Electrolysis with H2 Storage device enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative H2 production and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted storage in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011)same pressure vessel, clean thereby eliminating separate higher-cost compressed H2 storage and safety equipment. This reduces energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result storage system cost and footprint for faster deployment in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, Disadvantaged and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00Low-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsincome Communities.