Kardia - co-firing of cardoon biomass Sample Clauses

Kardia - co-firing of cardoon biomass. At Kardia PP, co-firing was tested up to 10% cardoon thermal share. The main fuel of the plant is lignite from nearby lignite mines. A number of different lignite types are fired and a relatively wide range for the ash chemical parameters have to be considered. The cardoon biomass used for the tests is characterised by an ash content ranging from 9.5 to 14.5% by mass. The impact of co-firing on the ash quality was modest and, in general terms, the co- firing of the biomass resulted in a more consistent ash chemical composition than for the normal lignite fuel diet. As the investigated ashes from lignite are not covered in the fly ash standard for concrete and as the chemical composition of these ashes is varying widely for a use as construction material, as e.g. filling material, the physical properties have to be considered more intensively as well as the trace element concentration, especially for the leaching limit values. If the co-firing is combined with lignite from a specific seam, also ash qualities for the use in cement and concrete may be obtained.