Maternal cells Sample Clauses

Maternal cells. The decidua is populated by a variety of leukocytes during pregnancy [47,48]. Levels of lymphocytes are relatively low. During implantation the leukocytes mainly consist of NK cells. Macrophages form, after the uterine NK cells, the largest population of decidual leukocytes in early pregnancy (20-30%). Their numbers remain relatively constant throughout gestation [49]. In contrast, the numbers of NK cells decrease during pregnancy being absent at term [50]. This suggests that the innate immune system plays an important role in fetal-maternal immune adjustment. Macrophages as the main cells of the innate immune system are key players in the local regulation of maternal immune responses toward the fetus. The presence of both macrophages and dendritic cells at the fetal-maternal interface permits modulation of the immune response to protect the mother and fetus. Figure 6 summarize the leukocyte densities at the fetal-maternal interface during gestation. Antigen presenting cells An antigen has the capacity to trigger the adaptive immune response through several steps. The antigenic particles or proteins must be captured, processed and presented to T cells. These activities are performed by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Three kinds of APCs are defined: B lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. APCs sample the environment for potentially harmful extracellular particles. They are able to present components of antigenic particles on their cell surface via an intracellular breakdown mechanism. T cells can recognize the membrane bound components. To come in contact with the T cells, APCs transport antigens from the tissues to the peripheral lymphoid organs. B cells Only a few B cells can be detected in the endometrium and decidua. Their number does not vary during pregnancy. Uterine B cells are able to respond to antigenic challenges in for example pregnancies complicated with intrauterine infections.
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Related to Maternal cells

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