We use cookies on our site to analyze traffic, enhance your experience, and provide you with tailored content.

For more information visit our privacy policy.

Strategies for continuous dopaminergic stimulation Sample Clauses

Strategies for continuous dopaminergic stimulation. A continuous stimulation of dopamine receptors can be achieved by prolonging the activity of levodopa by modifying the release or the delivery of this short-acting dopaminergic agent. For this purpose oral sustained release formulations of levodopa Madopar HBS® and Sinemet CR®, were developed. These long-acting controlled release formulations showed improvement in activities of daily living of the patient, however not in controlling motor fluctuations [47, 50-51]. In addition the intake of small doses of a liquid formulation of levodopa/carbidopa improved the ’on’-time without worsening the dyskinesia, but did not affect the pulsatile levodopa plasma concentration or the motor response fluctuations [52]. In contrast clinical trials showed an improvement in motor dysfunction after chronic IV infusion of levodopa [53]. A more recent small open-label clinical trial, in which continuous intravenous levodopa [54] was compared to oral administration, also shows a reduced risk of motor complications in the infusion group [55]. Besides IV infusion, duodenal infusion via a portable pump of low doses of levodopa ameliorates plasma fluctuations and dyskinesia with a satisfactory therapeutic window in advanced Pd patients [51, 56]. Dopamine agonists in general have significant longer half-lives compared to levodopa [57]. Several studies in patients have discovered that DA are less likely to induce motor fluctuations after chronic treatment. In addition some studies have suggested a neuroprotective effect of DA [50, 58-59]. Therefore this class of drugs has gained more popularity over the recent years as alternative to or in combination with levodopa. In accordance to the levodopa treatment, the current strategy is to achieve continuous stimulation of the dopamine receptors to reduce development of motor fluctuations. This led to the development of long-acting therapeutic formulations of DA. For instance the slow-release formulation of a dopamine agonist, bromocriptine, showed promising efficacy but has not been widely used in Xxxxxxxxx’x disease [51]. Furthermore ropinirole, formulated as extended release tablets, requires only one dose intake per day. The incidence of motor complications is reduced, while the adverse effects are comparable to other dopamine agonists [50, 60]. Although promising results were obtained with oral modified release formulations, other delivery routes were explored to achieve continuous drug delivery. Various routes of administration of apo...

Related to Strategies for continuous dopaminergic stimulation

  • Clinical Management for Behavioral Health Services (CMBHS) System 1. request access to CMBHS via the CMBHS Helpline at (000) 000-0000. 2. use the CMBHS time frames specified by System Agency. 3. use System Agency-specified functionality of the CMBHS in its entirety. 4. submit all bills and reports to System Agency through the CMBHS, unless otherwise instructed.

  • Outpatient Dental Anesthesia Services This plan covers anesthesia services received in connection with a dental service when provided in a hospital or freestanding ambulatory surgical center and: • the use of this is medically necessary; and • the setting in which the service is received is determined to be appropriate. This plan also covers facility fees associated with these services. This plan covers dental care for members until the last day of the month in which they turn nineteen (19). This plan covers services only if they meet all of the following requirements: • listed as a covered dental care service in this section. The fact that a provider has prescribed or recommended a service, or that it is the only available treatment for an illness or injury does not mean it is a covered dental care service under this plan. • dentally necessary, consistent with our dental policies and related guidelines at the time the services are provided. • not listed in Exclusions section. • received while a member is enrolled in the plan. • consistent with applicable state or federal law. • services are provided by a network provider.

  • Therapies Acupuncture and acupuncturist services, including x-ray and laboratory services. • Biofeedback, biofeedback training, and biofeedback by any other modality for any condition. • Recreational therapy services and programs, including wilderness programs. • Services provided in any covered program that are recreational therapy services, including wilderness programs, educational services, complimentary services, non- medical self-care, self-help programs, or non-clinical services. Examples include, but are not limited to, Tai Chi, yoga, personal training, meditation. • Computer/internet/social media based services and/or programs. • Recreational therapy. • Aqua therapy unless provided by a physical therapist. • Maintenance therapy services unless it is a habilitative service that helps a person keep, learn or improve skills and functioning for daily living. • Aromatherapy. • Hippotherapy. • Massage therapy rendered by a massage therapist. • Therapies, procedures, and services for the purpose of relieving stress. • Physical, occupational, speech, or respiratory therapy provided in your home, unless through a home care program. • Pelvic floor electrical and magnetic stimulation, and pelvic floor exercises. • Educational classes and services for speech impairments that are self-correcting. • Speech therapy services related to food aversion or texture disorders. • Exercise therapy. • Naturopathic, homeopathic, and Christian Science services, regardless of who orders or provides the services. • Eye exercises and visual training services. • Lenses and/or frames and contact lenses for members aged nineteen (19) and older. • Vision hardware purchased from a non-network provider. • Non-collection vision hardware. • Lenses and/or frames and contact lenses unless specifically listed as a covered healthcare service.

  • Program Management 1.1.01 Implement and operate an Immunization Program as a Responsible Entity 1.1.02 Identify at least one individual to act as the program contact in the following areas: 1. Immunization Program Manager;

  • Description of Administration Services on a Continuous Basis (a) PNC will perform the following administration services with respect to each Portfolio: (i) Prepare quarterly broker security transactions summaries; (ii) Prepare monthly security transaction listings; (iii) Supply, in the form requested, various customary Portfolio and Fund statistical data on an ongoing basis; (iv) Prepare and ensure the filing of the Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports with the SEC on Forms N-SAR and N-CSR and the Fund’s quarterly reports with the SEC on Form N-Q; (v) If mutually agreed by PNC and VP Distributors in writing, prepare (or assist in the preparation of) and ensure the filing of (or coordinate filing of, as may be mutually agreed) such other reports with the SEC as may be required by the SEC and that would be primarily fulfilled using books and records maintained by PNC under the terms of this Agreement; (vi) Assist in the preparation of registration statements and other filings relating to the registration of Shares; (vii) Monitor each Portfolio’s status as a regulated investment company under Sub-chapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Sub-Chapter M”); (viii) Coordinate contractual relationships and communications between the Funds and their contractual service providers; (ix) Prepare expense budgets, accrual review and expense reports as needed; (x) Provide read-only on-line access to accounting system as requested; (xi) Provide electronic transmissions of holdings, transactions, security master, general ledger, NAV, security pricing data, and cash activity as specified; (xii) Coordinate printing and mailing of annual and semi-annual financial statements; (xiii) Prepare reports for Fund Boards and attend Board meetings when and as requested; (xiv) Prepare, execute, and file each Portfolio’s Federal and state tax returns, including closed funds, and appropriate extensions after review and approval by the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm; (xv) Prepare, execute, and file each Portfolio’s federal excise returns (Form 8613) after review and approval by the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm; (xvi) Prepare annual tax provisions and financial tax disclosures; (xvii) Prepare tax cost for semi-annual and Form N-Q filings updated for current year-to-date wash sales and prior year known Schedule M adjustments; (xviii) Prepare dividend calculations, including accompanying analysis and earnings summary in accordance with applicable policy (as such policy is provided in writing by VP Distributors to PNC), and maintain dividend history; (xix) Prepare required disclosures for shareholder reporting, including Form 1099-DIV reporting and supporting materials such as QDI, DRD, income from U.S. Obligations, income from State obligations, income from AMT obligations, tax-exempt income, and Florida intangibles; (xx) Monitor and propose procedures as needed for tax considerations in the following areas: corporate actions, consent income, bad debt/restructurings, new instruments, premium amortization, and legislation and industry developments on an ad hoc basis; and (xxi) Prepare and deliver, to the extent available to PNC, survey information when and in the form requested.

  • HABILITATIVE SERVICES (HABILITATIVE mean healthcare services that help a person keep, learn, or improve skills and functioning for daily living. Examples include therapy for a child who is not walking or talking at the expected age. These services may include physical and occupational therapy, speech therapy and other services performed in a variety of inpatient and/or outpatient settings for people with disabilities. • that provides medical and surgical care for patients who have acute illnesses or injuries; and • is either listed as a hospital by the American Hospital Association (AHA) or accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO).

  • Radiation Therapy/Chemotherapy Services This plan covers chemotherapy and radiation services. This plan covers respiratory therapy services. When respiratory services are provided in your home, as part of a home care program, durable medical equipment, supplies, and oxygen are covered as a durable medical equipment service.

  • Virus Management DST shall maintain a malware protection program designed to deter malware infections, detect the presence of malware within DST environment.

  • Orientation and In-Service Program The Hospital recognizes the need for a Hospital Orientation Program of such duration as it may deem appropriate taking into consideration the needs of the Hospital and the nurses involved.

  • Project Management Plan Developer is responsible for all quality assurance and quality control activities necessary to manage the Work, including the Utility Adjustment Work. Developer shall undertake all aspects of quality assurance and quality control for the Project and Work in accordance with the approved Project Management Plan and