Biological Oxygen Demand, BOD‌‌ Sample Clauses

Biological Oxygen Demand, BOD‌‌. General description The carbonaceous biological oxygen demand is an expression of the water’s organic matter content. That is to say the biodegradable part of the organic matter which gives rise to oxygen consumption. The organic matter content is measured by registering the oxygen consumed during the degradation for a period of 5 days. The BOD units are therefore gO2/m3. Degradation in the environment of the organic matter expressed as BOD gives rise to an equivalent consumption of oxygen. The BOD degradation terms will therefore be part of the oxygen balance (see Dissolved Oxygen). Degradation of BOD is also a source of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) since these are part of the organic matter. The inorganic nutrients (ammonia) being products of the BOD degradation can be oxidised and give rise to an additional oxygen consumption (see Nutrients). The oxygen consumption and the nutrient production of the BOD degradation have no direct influence on the BOD degradation and on the mass balance of BOD itself. However, the modelling of BOD is an interrelated part of the dis- solved oxygen (DO) modelling and the BOD degradation stops if the water becomes anaerobic, i.e. DO = ZERO. The differential equation(s) describing the BOD variations and the differential equation for oxygen are coupled and solved simultaneously. The set of two differential equations (one for BOD and one for oxygen) repre- sents the most simple BOD-DO model (model levels 1 and 2). At a more complex level (model levels 3 and 4), the BOD-DO model can include the production of nutrients during degradation of organic matter as well as the processes changing the oxidation level of the nitrogen. The con- sequences of these changes in oxidation levels for the oxygen balance are also included. This is described in detail under Nutrients. At the most com- plex levels (model levels 5 and 6) three fractions of BOD are considered: dis- solved BOD (BODd), suspended BOD (BODs) and deposited BOD (BODb). Depending on the chosen model level a set of up to seven coupled differen- tial equations are used: oxygen, three fractions of BOD, ammonia, nitrate and temperature. The actual number of differential equations depends on the cho- sen model level (see Model Levels). If modelling of phosphorus and/or col- iforms are chosen, up to four additional differential equations or components are included. The BOD in treated wastewater will be dissolved and/or suspended. The dis- tribution between these two fractio...
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