Computational Trust and Reputation Models Sample Clauses

Computational Trust and Reputation Models. ‌ The scientific research in the area of computational trust and reputation mechanisms is a recent discipline oriented to increase the reliability and performance of electronic communities by in- troducing in such communities these well known human social control mechanisms. There are several reviews in the literature [247, 232] that analyse and compare the increasing amount of models that have appeared during the last few years. These models, apart from the mechanisms used to calculate the trust and reputation values, also differ in the very essence of what is trust and reputation. In this section we will present a general taxonomy that will help us to determine which are the type of models that are more interesting for the LiquidPub project. Finally we will present briefly some of these models. There are two kinds of social evaluations that play an essential role in trust and reputation models: image and reputation. Both social evaluations concern other agents’ (targets) attitudes toward socially desirable behaviour, and may be shared by a multitude of individuals. Image is an evaluative belief and it tells that the target is “good” when it displays a certain behaviour, and that it is “bad” in the opposite case. Reputation is instead a shared voice, i.e. a belief about others saying that a given target enjoys or suffers from a shared image. In other words, reputation is true when it is actually spread, not when it is accurate. From now on, we will define reputation as the group opinion on (what is said about) someone (or something) playing a specific role. Image is subjective by nature. Two individuals, even if they have observed the same interac- tions can have a completely different image of a target. Image depends on the personal experiences of the individual but also on other internal elements like for example the goals the individual has. In the case of reputation we find two ways of looking at it: What we call subjective reputation, which as the name suggests, is also subjective in a similar way image is. Models that consider reputation as a subjective property assume that every individual can have a different method to calculate the reputation values. Also, you cannot assume that all members of the society have the same knowledge. Given that, the reputation value will depend on who is calculating that value. Examples of models that follow this approach are ReGreT [245], RepAge [248], Sierra-Debenham model [262], AFRAS [49], FIRE [144] among others...
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