CROSS CUTTING ISSUES - ATMOSPHERE, LAND AND OCEAN OBSERVATIONS Sample Clauses

CROSS CUTTING ISSUES - ATMOSPHERE, LAND AND OCEAN OBSERVATIONS. Meteorological, hydrological and oceanographic in situ observations have relevance across the Copernicus Services, whilst those of atmospheric composition hold key relevance to CAMS and C3S. Collectively these provide historic baselines, essential data for model assimilation, current situational awareness and a baseline for the prediction of air quality. Access to the best and most relevant in situ observations data is essential to support the operational provision of many products provided by the Copernicus Services. Air quality observations data are arranged well through EIONET, but the network density differs strongly per country. Other key observational data sources are the research infrastructures and WMO XXX, which have a strong focus on very high quality regional data, although traditionally with a long delay between measurements and data publication. Data from research infrastructures is usually available for free with open access, but requires attribution of the data use in derived products by proper citation. Much in situ land and some atmospheric observational data is owned by national meteorological and hydrological services, which are generally well organised with robust operational data networks, however this data in total is not always shared outside of an owning nation. Other important land observational data sources include scientific or research organisations and industry including energy, water management and agriculture, whose data may be treated as nationally or commercially sensitive information which may not always be shared openly. Several Copernicus Services - CMEMS, C3S, CSS - have a need for ocean in situ data. It is, therefore an important task for the EEA, in close cooperation with the mentioned services, to map their requirements for ocean data in more detail. After defining the requirements for sustained ocean observations, a set of relevant phenomena and Essential Variables, considering the regional context, will emerge. The phenomena assist in determining time and space scales over which the observing is to be executed. The phenomena also narrow down the Essential Variables that belong to the observing objective. From the combination of phenomena and Essential Variables the set of “Fit-for Purpose” observing platforms and sensors emerge. The individual Copernicus Services may have different requirements for ocean observations; but the general approach in design of ocean observations systems is to establish cross-cutting mul...
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