Definition of Situation Sample Clauses

Definition of Situation. An exposure to unexpected extreme traumatic events can lead to Posttraumatic-stress disorder (PTSD) in up to 10 – 40% of war survivors (Xxxxxx, 2014). Evidence suggests that PTSD symptoms and psychological distress can persist far beyond the years of experiencing the occurrence exposure (Xxxxxxxxx et al., 2008). During the war from 1992-1995 in Bosnia & Hercegovina, civilians experienced ongoing life-threatening events and trauma with a high risk of developing PTSD under such conditions. Two million residents were either internally displaced or forced to flee their homes and become refugees, and an estimated 200,000 were killed (Xxxxx, 2020). Of the war’s causalities, 90% of the victims were innocent civilians (Xxxxx, 2020). The war had an enormous mental health impact and psychological consequences on Bosnian civilians from exposure to long-term and multiple severe traumatic experiences (Ringdal & Ringdal, 2016). Many suffered the most heinous crimes against humanity, including witnessing persons killed and sexually abused, including systemic rape (Xxxxx, 2020). At the same time, each of these events is a high-risk factor for developing PTSD, many experienced or witnessed multiple atrocities during the war. According to the World Health Organization, 10%-50% of Bosnia's population, or 400,000 people, have been diagnosed with PTSD (Milic, 2011). However, internal organizations supporting citizens who have PTSD argue that the number is closer to 1.7 million, nearly half of the country’s population. The city of Sarajevo is a particularly fitting pilot study location, given that its citizens experienced daily life-threatening events when the city was under siege for three and a half years (Comtesse et al., 2019). Bosnia & Hercegovina (BiH) is still emerging from post-conflict conditions, driven by widespread political corruption and economic stagnation, including the world's largest youth unemployment rate, which further xxxxx mental health beyond the influence of cumulative trauma exposure on adolescents (Xxxxxxxx et al., 2019). Untreated PTSD after exposure to severe trauma during the Bosnian war that lasted from 1992- 1995, and post-war conditions, might perpetuate psychological consequences and high rates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Bosnian civilians (Ringdal & Ringdal). In a country where access to mental health care is limited, and PTSD is highly stigmatized, it is prudent and humane to seek innovative public health interventions to impr...
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Related to Definition of Situation

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