Vendor’s Resellers as Related to This Agreement Vendor’s Named Resellers (“Resellers”) under this Agreement shall comply with all terms and conditions of this agreement and all addenda or incorporated documents. All actions related to sales by Authorized Vendor’s Resellers under this Agreement are the responsibility of the awarded Vendor. If Resellers fail to report sales to TIPS under your Agreement, the awarded Vendor is responsible for their contractual failures and shall be billed for the fees. The awarded Vendor may then recover the fees from their named reseller. If there is a dispute between the awarded Vendor and TIPS Member, TIPS or its representatives may, at TIPS sole discretion, assist in conflict resolution if requested by either party. TIPS, or its representatives, reserves the right to inspect any project and audit the awarded Vendor’s TIPS project files, documentation and correspondence related to the requesting TIPS Member’s order. If there are confidentiality requirements by either party, TIPS shall comply to the extent permitted by law. The TIPS Solicitation which resulted in this Vendor Agreement, whether a Request for Proposals, the Request for Competitive Sealed Proposals or Request for Qualifications solicitation, or other, the Vendor’s response to same and all associated documents and forms made part of the solicitation process, including any addenda, are hereby incorporated by reference into this Agreement as if copied verbatim. THE SECTON HEADERS OR TITLES WITHIN THIS DOCUMENT ARE MERELY GUIDES FOR CONVENIENCE AND ARE NOT FOR CLASSIFICATION OR LIMITING OF THE RESPONSIBILITES OF THE PARTIES TO THIS DOCUMENT. Texas governmental entities are prohibited from doing business with companies that fail to certify to this condition as required by Texas Government Code Sec. 2270. By executing this agreement, you certify that you are authorized to bind the undersigned Vendor and that your company (1) does not boycott Israel; and (2) will not boycott Israel during the term of the Agreement. You certify that your company is not listed on and does not and will not do business with companies that are on the Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts list of Designated Foreign Terrorists Organizations per Texas Gov't Code 2270.0153 found at xxxxx://xxxxxxxxxxx.xxxxx.xxx/purchasing/docs/foreign-terrorist.pdf You certify that if the certified statements above become untrue at any time during the life of this Agreement that the Vendor will notify TIPS within three (3) business day of the change by a letter on Vendor’s letterhead from and signed by an authorized representative of the Vendor stating the non-compliance decision and the TIPS Agreement number and description at: Attention: General Counsel ESC Region 8/The Interlocal Purchasing System (TIPS) 0000 Xxxxxxx 000 Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxx, XX,00000 And by an email sent to xxxx@xxxx-xxx.xxx The undersigned Vendor agrees to maintain the below minimum insurance requirements for TIPS Contract Holders: When the Vendor or its subcontractors are liable for any damages or claims, the Vendor’s policy, when the Vendor is responsible for the claim, must be primary over any other valid and collectible insurance carried by the Member. Any immunity available to TIPS or TIPS Members shall not be used as a defense by the contractor's insurance policy. The coverages and limits are to be considered minimum requirements and in no way limit the liability of the Vendor(s). Insurance shall be written by a carrier with an A-; VII or better rating in accordance with current A.M. Best Key Rating Guide. Only deductibles applicable to property damage are acceptable, unless proof of retention funds to cover said deductibles is provided. "Claims made" policies will not be accepted. Vendor’s required minimum coverage shall not be suspended, voided, cancelled, non-renewed or reduced in coverage or in limits unless replaced by a policy that provides the minimum required coverage except after thirty (30) days prior written notice by certified mail, return receipt requested has been given to TIPS or the TIPS Member if a project or pending delivery of an order is ongoing. Upon request, certified copies of all insurance policies shall be furnished to the TIPS or the TIPS Member. • Orders: All Vendor orders received from TIPS Members must be emailed to TIPS at tipspo@tips- xxx.xxx. Should a TIPS Member send an order directly to the Vendor, it is the Vendor’s responsibility to forward a copy of the order to TIPS at the email above within 3 business days and confirm its receipt with TIPS. • Vendor Encouraging Members to bypass TIPS agreement: Encouraging TIPS Members to purchase directly from the Vendor or through another agreement, when the Member has requested using the TIPS cooperative Agreement or price, and thereby bypassing the TIPS Agreement is a violation of the terms and conditions of this Agreement and will result in removal of the Vendor from the TIPS Program. • Order Confirmation: All TIPS Member Agreement orders are approved daily by TIPS and sent to the Vendor. The Vendor should confirm receipt of orders to the TIPS Member (customer) within 3 business days. • Vendor custom website for TIPS: If Vendor is hosting a custom TIPS website, updated pricing when effective. TIPS shall be notified when prices change in accordance with the award.
Requirements Pertaining Only to Federal Grants and Subrecipient Agreements If this Agreement is a grant that is funded in whole or in part by Federal funds:
Securities Subject to This Agreement (a) The Registrable Securities held in the name of any Holder are the sole securities entitled to the benefits of this Agreement.
(b) Registrable Securities held by any Holder shall cease to be Registrable Securities (and such Holder shall cease to have any registration rights with respect thereto under this Agreement) on the date and to the extent that (i) a Registration Statement covering such Registrable Securities has been declared effective under the Securities Act and such Registrable Securities have been disposed of pursuant to such effective Registration Statement, (ii) such Registrable Securities have been sold or transferred in accordance with the requirements of Rule 144, (iii) such Registrable Securities have been otherwise transferred or disposed of, the Company shall have delivered the Registrable Securities either in certificated form without any legend restricting further transfer or disposition thereof or in book-entry form on the stock transfer records of the Company without notation as to any restrictions on further transfer or disposition thereof and, at such time, subsequent transfer or disposition of such securities shall not require registration of such securities under the Securities Act, (iv) all Registrable Securities then held in the name of such Holder may be sold or transferred by such Holder pursuant to Rule 144 without limitation or restriction under any of the requirements of Rule 144 (as determined by the Company in good faith) or (v) such Registrable Securities have ceased to be outstanding.
Files Subject to Florida's Public Records Law Any file, report, record, document, paper, letter, or other material received, generated, maintained or sent by Grantee to Florida Housing or its agent(s) in connection with this agreement is subject to the provisions of Section 119.01- .15, Fla. Stat., as may be amended from time to time (Florida's Public Records Law). Grantee represents and acknowledges that it has read and understands Florida's Public Records Law and agrees to comply with Florida's Public Records Law.
Cooperation Prior to the Distribution As promptly as practicable after the date hereof and prior to the Distribution Date:
(a) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) below, the Company and Spinco shall prepare an Information Statement (which shall set forth appropriate disclosure concerning Spinco and the Spinco Companies, the Spinco Business, the Distribution and certain other matters) and Spinco shall file with the SEC the Form 10 (which shall include or incorporate by reference the Information Statement). The Company and Spinco shall use their respective reasonable efforts to cause the Form 10 to be declared effective under the Exchange Act or, if either the Company or Parent reasonably determines that the Distribution may not be effected without registering the Spinco Common Stock pursuant to the Securities Act, the Company shall use its best efforts to cause the Spinco Common Stock to be registered pursuant to the Securities Act and thereafter effect the Distribution in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, including, without limitation, by preparing and filing on an appropriate form of registration statement under the Securities Act covering the Spinco Common Stock and using its best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective. Following the effectiveness of such Form 10 (or registration statement, as the case may be), the Company shall mail the Information Statement to the holders of the Company Common Stock.
(b) Before filing with the SEC the Form 10, or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a), as the case may be, or any amendments or supplements thereto, the Company shall furnish to Parent (or Parent's counsel) copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, in order to give Parent (or Parent's counsel) sufficient time to review such documents, and such documents may thereafter be filed subject to any timely and reasonable comments of Parent (or Parent's counsel). On or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, the Company shall (i) deliver to Parent (or Parent's counsel) promptly, following the receipt thereof, copies of all written communications between the Company and the SEC relating to either the Information Statement or the Form 10 (or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a), as the case may be), and (ii) advise Parent (or Parent's counsel) promptly of, and provide Parent (or Parent's counsel) with the opportunity to participate in (to the extent reasonably practicable), all telephonic and other non-written communications between the Company and the SEC relating to either the Information Statement or the Form 10 (or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a), as the case may be). The Company shall respond promptly to any comments from the SEC with respect thereto, after consultation with Parent (or Parent's counsel), and shall take such other actions as shall be reasonably required in order to have the Form 10 declared effective under the Exchange Act, or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a) hereof declared effective under the Securities Act, as the case may be, as soon as reasonably practicable following the date hereof. Before filing with the SEC the Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 of the Company to be filed by the Company in connection with the Offer, and all amendments or supplements thereto, the Company shall furnish to Parent (or Parent's counsel) copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, in order to give Parent (or Parent's counsel) sufficient time to review such documents, and such documents may thereafter be filed subject to any timely and reasonable comments of Parent (or Parent's counsel). Following the date hereof, the Company shall, and shall cause its Affiliates to, provide promptly to Parent, Purchaser and their respective counsel all such information as such persons may reasonably request in connection with the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 of the Purchaser or Parent to be filed in connection with the Offer.
(c) The Company and Spinco shall cooperate in preparing, filing with the SEC and causing to become effective any registration statements or amendments thereto which are appropriate to reflect the establishment of, or amendments to, any employee benefit and other plans contemplated by this Agreement.
(d) The Company and Spinco shall take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate under state securities or "Blue Sky" Laws in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(e) The Company and Spinco shall prepare, and Spinco shall file and seek to make effective, an application to permit listing of the Spinco Common Stock either on the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or national market system as may be selected by Spinco in its sole discretion (to the extent permitted pursuant to the listing requirements of such exchange or national market system).
(f) The Company and Spinco shall prepare and file an application with the FCC (the "FCC Application") requesting the FCC's consent to the transfer of control of any licenses, permits, approvals or other authorizations issued by the FCC to the Company and its Subsidiaries in connection with their telecommunications and space systems business, including those licenses, permits, approvals and authorizations set forth in Section 3.1(f) of the Disclosure Schedule.
(g) In addition to the actions specifically provided for elsewhere in this Agreement and except as otherwise expressly set forth in this Agreement, each of the parties hereto shall use its respective best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and, to execute and deliver, or cause to be executed and delivered, such additional documents and instruments, and to do, or cause to be done, all things, reasonably necessary, proper or advisable under applicable Laws and agreements to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, using its best efforts to obtain the consents and approvals, to enter into any amendatory agreements and to make the filings and applications necessary or desirable to have been obtained, entered into or made in order to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, each of the parties hereto shall use its respective best efforts to ensure that the conditions set forth in Article X hereof are satisfied (insofar as such matters are within the control of such party). Notwithstanding any other provisions set forth in this Agreement (including, without limitation, the provisions of this Section 3.1(g)), neither the Company, nor Spinco nor any of their respective Affiliates shall, without first obtaining the prior written consent of the Parent, take or commit to take any action, in connection with obtaining any consent, waiver or approval or effecting any of the transactions contemplated in connection with the Closing or otherwise, (i) except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, that would result in the payment of any funds (other than normal and usual filing fees) or the incurrence of any liability by the Company or any Retained Subsidiary, (ii) that would result in the divestiture or holding separate of any assets, businesses or operations of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries, (iii) that might materially limit or impair Parent's or the Company's or any Retained Subsidiary's freedom of action with respect to, or its ability to retain or exercise control over, any assets, businesses or operations of the Company or any Retained Subsidiaries (other than any limitations or restrictions expressly set forth in the Merger Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement, the Stockholders Agreement or any other agreement to be entered into pursuant to this Agreement or the Merger Agreement prior to the Offer Purchase Date), or (iv) that might otherwise adversely affect Parent, or, following the Offer Purchase Date, either the Company or any Retained Subsidiary.
Actions Prior to the Distribution Prior to the Effective Time and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Parties shall take, or cause to be taken, the following actions in connection with the Distribution:
Operations Prior to the Closing Date (a) From the ------------------------------------ date hereof through the Closing Date, Parent shall cause the Companies to operate and carry on the Business in the ordinary course in accordance with past practice and in compliance with all applicable Requirements of Law, including Environmental Laws. Consistent with the foregoing, Parent shall cause each of the Companies to use its reasonable efforts consistent with good business practice to (i) maintain the business organization of the Companies intact, (ii) keep available the services of any key employees of the Companies and (iii) preserve the goodwill and beneficial relationships of the suppliers, contractors, licensors, employees, customers, distributors and others having business relations with the Companies.
(b) Notwithstanding Section 7.4(a), except as set forth in Schedule -------------- -------- 7.4, except as contemplated by this Agreement or except with the express written --- approval of Buyer (which, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii), (vi), (ix), (x) and (xviii), Buyer agrees shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), Parent shall cause each of the Companies not to:
(i) make any material change in the Business or its operations, except such changes as may be required to comply with any applicable Requirements of Law;
(ii) make any capital expenditure or enter into any contract or commitment therefor, other than in the ordinary course of the Business, which is in excess of $50,000;
(iii) other than in the ordinary course of the Business, enter into any contract, agreement, undertaking or commitment which would have been required to be set forth in Schedule 5.14(a) or 5.14(b) if in effect on the ---------------- ------- date hereof or amend any Business Agreement in any material respect;
(iv) enter into any contract that contains a "change of control" provision that would give the other party a right to terminate such contract upon the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or under which the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby would constitute a default;
(v) enter into any contract for the purchase of real property or exercise any option to extend a lease listed in Schedule 5.9; ------------
(vi) sell, lease (as lessor), transfer or otherwise dispose of (including any transfers to any of its Affiliates), or mortgage or pledge, or impose or suffer to be imposed any Encumbrance on, any of its properties, rights or assets, other than inventory and minor amounts of personal property sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of the Business consistent with past practice and other than Permitted Encumbrances;
(vii) cancel any debts owed to or claims held by it or pay, settle or discharge any claims/litigation, proceedings, actions or liabilities, other than in the ordinary course of the Business consistent with past practice;
(viii) create, incur or assume, or agree to create, incur or assume, any Indebtedness for Borrowed Money (other than money borrowed or advances from any of its Affiliates in the ordinary course of the Business consistent with past practice) or enter into, as lessee, any capitalized lease obligations (as defined in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 13);
(ix) accelerate or delay collection of any notes or accounts receivable in advance of or beyond their regular due dates or the dates when the same would have been collected in the ordinary course of the Business consistent with past practice;
(x) delay or accelerate payment of any account payable or other liability beyond or in advance of its due date or the date when such liability would have been paid in the ordinary course of the Business consistent with past practice;
(xi) make, or agree to make, any distribution of assets (other than cash) to Parent or any of its Affiliates;
(xii) institute any increase in any benefit provided, or loan or advance any money or property, to any present or former director, officer, consultant or employee of any of the Companies, other than in the ordinary course of the Business consistent with past practice or as required by any Company Plan, Parent Plan or Requirements of Law;
(xiii) make any material change in the compensation of its employees, other than changes made in accordance with normal compensation practices of the Companies or pursuant to existing contractual commitments and consistent with past compensation practices, or grant any severance or termination pay to any of its employees or amend the form of retention and severance agreement contained in Schedule 7.4; ------------
(xiv) establish, adopt, enter into, amend or terminate any Company Plan, or any plan, agreement, program, policy, trust, fund or other arrangement that would be a Company Plan if it were in existence on the date hereof, other than in the ordinary course of the Business consistent with past practice or as required by any Company Plan, Parent Plan or Requirement of Law;
(xv) make any material change in the accounting policies applied in the preparation of the Interim Financial Statements, unless such change is required by GAAP;
(xvi) make any change in its charter, by-laws or other organizational document or issue any capital stock (or securities exchangeable, convertible or exercisable for capital stock);
(xvii) split, combine or reclassify any shares of its capital stock or partnership or membership interests or declare, set aside or pay any dividends or make any other distributions (whether in cash, stock or other property) in respect of such shares or interests, except for cash dividends and distributions payable by a Conveyed Companies Subsidiary to any of the Companies, Parent or Affiliates of Parent;
(xviii) except as required by law, and except in cases where doing so would not have a material adverse consequence to Buyer Group Members with respect to taxable years or periods beginning after the Closing Date or, with respect to any Straddle Period, the portion of such Straddle Period beginning after the Closing Date, file any Tax Return in a manner inconsistent with past practice or take any position, make any election, or adopt any method that is inconsistent with positions taken, elections made or methods used in prior periods in filing Tax Returns (including any such position, election or method which would have the effect of deferring income to periods for which Buyer is liable or accelerating deductions to periods for which Parent is liable);
(xix) amend any Tax Returns or settle or compromise any proceeding relating to Tax liabilities of any Company, in either case if doing so would, or would reasonably be expected to, materially adversely affect any Buyer Group Member with respect to taxable years or periods beginning after the Closing Date or, with respect to any Straddle Period, the portion of such Straddle Period beginning after the Closing Date;
(xx) enter into or amend any aviation, manufacturing or transportation customer contract, other than new contracts with existing customers and amendments to existing contracts, in each case, where the terms of such new contract or amendment are not materially less favorable to the Companies than existing contracts with such customers;
(xxi) enter into any joint venture, partnership or similar arrangement or acquire or agree to acquire by merging or consolidating with, or by purchasing a substantial portion of the assets of, or by any other manner, any business or any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture association or other business organization or division thereof;
(xxii) merge or consolidate with or into any other Person or dissolve or liquidate; or
(xxiii) authorize, commit or agree, whether in writing or otherwise, to do any of the foregoing.
Stock Fully Paid Reservation and Listing of Shares Covenants (a) The Issuer represents, warrants, covenants and agrees that all shares of Warrant Stock which may be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant or otherwise hereunder will, upon issuance, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges with respect to issuance. The Issuer further covenants and agrees that during the period within which this Warrant may be exercised, the Issuer will at all times have authorized and reserved for the purpose of the issue upon exercise of this Warrant a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock to provide for the exercise of this Warrant and, without limiting the foregoing, will take any actions necessary to effectuate the foregoing, including without limitation increasing its authorized capital stock.
(b) If any shares of the Common Stock required to be reserved for issuance upon exercise of this Warrant or as otherwise provided hereunder require registration or qualification with any governmental authority under any federal or state law before such shares may be so issued, the Issuer will in good faith use its best efforts as expeditiously as possible at its expense to cause such shares to be duly registered or qualified. If the Issuer shall list any shares of Common Stock on any securities exchange it will, at its expense, list thereon, maintain and increase when necessary such listing of, all shares of Warrant Stock from time to time issued upon exercise of this Warrant or as otherwise provided hereunder, and, to the extent permissible under the applicable securities exchange rules, all unissued shares of Warrant Stock which are at any time issuable hereunder, so long as any shares of Common Stock shall be so listed. The Issuer will also so list on each securities exchange, and will maintain such listing of, any other securities which the Holder of this Warrant shall be entitled to receive upon the exercise of this Warrant if at the time any securities of the same class shall be listed on such securities exchange by the Issuer.
(c) The Issuer shall not by any action including, without limitation, amending the Certificate of Incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of the Holder hereof against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Issuer will (i) not permit the par value, if any, of its Common Stock to exceed the then effective Warrant Price, (ii) not amend or modify any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or by-laws of the Issuer in any manner that would adversely affect in any way the powers, preferences or relative participating, optional or other special rights of the Common Stock or which would adversely affect the rights of the Holders of the Warrants, (iii) not, other than pursuant to the Rights Agreement, dated July 18, 2000, between the Issuer and Fleet National Bank, as Rights Agent, issue any Capital Stock of any class which is preferred as to dividends or as to the distribution of assets upon the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Issuer, (iv) take all such action as may be reasonably necessary in order that the Issuer may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock, free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances and restrictions (other than as provided herein) upon the exercise of this Warrant, and (v) use its best efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof as may be reasonably necessary to enable the Issuer to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
(d) The Issuer shall not declare, make or pay any dividend or other distribution, whether in cash, securities or other property, other than Common Stock of the same class or series (a "Distribution"), with respect to its Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalent unless the Issuer concurrently makes a cash payment to the Holder of this Warrant equal to the product of (1) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property or securities distributed with respect to each outstanding share of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalent computed as provided in subparagraph (i) of Section 5(f) hereof multiplied by (2) the Warrant Share Number.
Conditions to the Closing Date The obligations of the Lenders to make Loans and of the Issuing Bank to make LC Credit Extensions hereunder shall become effective on the first date when each of the following conditions is satisfied (or waived in accordance with Section 9.02):
(a) The Administrative Agent shall have received the following, each of which shall be originals, telecopies or electronic copies (followed promptly by originals) unless otherwise specified, each properly executed by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower, each dated a date on or prior to the Closing Date and each in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Arrangers:
(i) executed counterparts of this Agreement from the Borrower;
(ii) a promissory note executed by the Borrower in favor of each Lender requesting three Business Days in advance a promissory note evidencing the Loan provided by such Lender;
(iii) such certificates of resolutions or other action, incumbency certificates and/or other certificates of Responsible Officers of the Borrower as the Administrative Agent may reasonably require evidencing the identity, authority and capacity of each Responsible Officer thereof authorized to act as a Responsible Officer in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which the Borrower is a party or is to be a party;
(iv) a certificate of good standing for the Borrower from its jurisdiction of organization;
(v) a certificate signed by the Chief Financial Officer of the Borrower certifying (A) as to the solvency of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (on a consolidated basis) after giving effect to the Transaction and the incurrence of all Indebtedness related thereto, (B) as to the Debt Rating then in effect and (C) that the conditions specified in Section 4.02(a) and (b) have been satisfied;
(vi) a favorable opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Xxxxxxx & Xxxx LLP, counsel to the Borrower, and the general counsel of the Borrower, addressed to the Administrative Agent and each Lender, in form set forth on Exhibit C and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent; and
(vii) evidence that the Existing Credit Agreement has been, or concurrently with the Closing Date is being, terminated and all Liens securing obligations under the Existing Credit Agreement have been, or concurrently with the Closing Date are being released (the “Refinancing”).
(b) The Borrower shall have received not less than $1,000.0 million in gross cash proceeds from the sale of the Senior Notes.
(c) All accrued fees and expenses of the Administrative Agent and the Arrangers (including the fees and expenses of counsels for the Administrative Agent, the U.S. Lead Arrangers and the Nordic Lead Arrangers and local and special counsel for the Administrative Agent and the Arrangers) shall have been paid. The Borrower shall have paid all items then due and payable under the Fee Letter.
(d) The Administrative Agent shall have received a Borrowing Request in accordance with the requirements of Section 2.03 hereof.
File Management and Record Retention relating to CRF Eligible Persons or Households Grantee must maintain a separate file for every applicant, Eligible Person, or Household, regardless of whether the request was approved or denied.
a. Contents of File: Each file must contain sufficient and legible documentation. Documents must be secured within the file and must be organized systematically.
