Literature on COC and Functional Health Sample Clauses

Literature on COC and Functional Health. Xxxxxxxx et al. (2011) studied the extent of long-term (an average of eight years) functional health decline among older Medicare beneficiaries from 1993 to 2007, which involved the impact of patient COC.[23] The study cohort was selected from a nationally representative Medicare beneficiaries participating in the Survey on Assets and Health Dynamics among the Oldest Old (AHEAD) in the US, and the survey data was further linked with Medicare claims data, which included both Medicare Fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries and Medicare beneficiaries in Managed Care (MA) plan. Functional health status was assessed through ADL, instrumental ADL (IADL), and mobility limitations, and the authors further defined functional decline as the development of two or more new difficulties in ADL or IADL over the study time period. IADL was defined as the activities related to independent living that are valuable for evaluating a person’s ability to care for themselves. COC was measured as a patient’s continuity with their PCP. If the time interval between a patient’s office visits with the same PCP was less than eight months, this was considered continued care, otherwise the patient was considered to not have COC. The percentage of days between baseline and the final follow-up survey interview for which COC existed was calculated to define extremes of always having COC and never having COC as compared to some level of COC. Multivariable logistic regression was estimated to evaluate the association between COC and functional health decline. However, the study concluded that COC with a PCP was not independently associated with functional decline. Xxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxxxx (2016) examined the effects of patient COC on the health outcomes of older adults with complex chronic conditions (type 2 diabetes and/or heart failure) who participated in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) from 2006 to 2012.[18] The health outcome of functional health status was measured as the count of difficulties in ADL and count of IADL done with difficulties. The study examined the association between COC and functional difficulties, but no statistically significant association was found. However, the involvement of disease-relevant specialist was shown to be associated with 9.7% and 8.6% lower incidence of ADLs and IADLs done with difficulties, respectively. A meta-analysis conducted in 2017 combined seven studies from four different places – Taiwan, Canada, UK, and Hong Kong among older a...
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