Magnetic resonance imaging Clause Samples
The 'Magnetic resonance imaging' clause defines the terms and conditions under which MRI procedures are addressed within an agreement. It typically outlines responsibilities for scheduling, payment, and the use of MRI services, specifying who is authorized to order such imaging and how results are communicated. This clause ensures that both parties understand the process and obligations related to MRI scans, thereby reducing misunderstandings and clarifying expectations regarding this diagnostic tool.
Magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a radiation free, non-invasive method of measuring VC and is capable of distinguishing various components of atherosclerotic plaques such as fibrous tissue, lipids, calcification, and thrombus [343-345]. MRI employs the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to image nuclei of atoms inside the body. NMR is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a magnetic field absorb and re-emit electromagnetic radiation. Magnetic resonance imaging can create more detailed images of the human body than possible with X-rays. The quantitation of plaque dimensions and components is calculated using a 3-dimensional image reconstruction [346].
Magnetic resonance imaging. Physical Principles and Sequence Design. Wiley, 2014.
Magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technique that uses the natural magnetic properties of the body to provide anatomical and functional information. Protons possess a spin which makes them act like a magnetic dipole. An MRI scanner applies a large external magnetic field to the patient, which causes an alignment of the proton axes, either in line with this field (low energy state), or antiparallel to this field (high energy state). An oscillating radiofrequency is applied which perturbs the magnetisation, followed by a recovery period in which initial equilibrium is restored (hence Nuclear Magnetic Resonance). This is characterised by two relaxation times; T1 which is a time constant for the recovery of magnetisation and T2 which is a time constant for the decay of magnetisation. Water T1 and T2 vary between different tissues and environments; therefore the contrast of an MRI image is dependent on factors which effect T1 and T295. Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) MRI is an example of how MRI can be used to measure oxygen status. BOLD-MRI detects the difference between levels of oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin as a measure of blood oxygenation96. As haemoglobin becomes deoxygenated its magnetisation increases which causes a more rapid decay of magnetisation (T2) of the water molecules that surround it, resulting in an oxygen-dependent loss of signal. As BOLD-MRI measures the oxygen status of haemoglobin in the bloodstream, it does not detect tissue hypoxia directly. The oxygenation of the myocardium itself would be better quantified by detection of myoglobin oxygenation, which is possible but it is difficult to quantify and produces a particularly weak signal; methods to detect this are only in the early stages of development97.
Magnetic resonance imaging. Each subject will undergo a screening brain MRI, with contrast whenever possible or without contrast in case of contraindication, to rule out CNS metastasis during the screening period of the study. Evaluation of any new onset of ≥ Grade 2 neurologic toxicity should include a brain MRI as described in the current IB.
Magnetic resonance imaging data analysis
Magnetic resonance imaging. Diploma (D45800)