Shareholder Servicing All expenses of maintaining and servicing shareholder accounts, including but not limited to the charges of any shareholder servicing agent, dividend disbursing agent, transfer agent or other agent engaged by the Trust to service shareholder accounts.
Final Distribution on the Certificates If on any Determination Date, the Master Servicer determines that there are no Outstanding Mortgage Loans and no other funds or assets in the Trust Fund other than the funds in the Certificate Account, the Master Servicer shall direct the Trustee promptly to send a final distribution notice to each Certificateholder. If the Master Servicer elects to terminate the Trust Fund pursuant to clause (a) of Section 9.1, at least 20 days prior to the date notice is to be mailed to the affected Certificateholders, the Master Servicer shall notify the Depositor and the Trustee of the date the Master Servicer intends to terminate the Trust Fund and of the applicable repurchase price of the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties. Notice of any termination of the Trust Fund, specifying the Distribution Date on which Certificateholders may surrender their Certificates for payment of the final distribution and cancellation, shall be given promptly by the Trustee by letter to Certificateholders mailed not earlier than the 10th day and no later than the 15th day of the month next preceding the month of such final distribution. Any such notice shall specify (a) the Distribution Date upon which final distribution on the Certificates will be made upon presentation and surrender of Certificates at the office therein designated, (b) the amount of such final distribution, (c) the location of the office or agency at which such presentation and surrender must be made, and (d) that the Record Date otherwise applicable to such Distribution Date is not applicable, distributions being made only upon presentation and surrender of the Certificates at the office therein specified. The Master Servicer will give such notice to each Rating Agency at the time such notice is given to Certificateholders. In the event such notice is given, the Master Servicer shall cause all funds in the Certificate Account to be remitted to the Trustee for deposit in the applicable subaccounts of the Distribution Account on the Business Day prior to the applicable Distribution Date in an amount equal to the final distribution in respect of the Certificates. Upon such final deposit with respect to the Trust Fund and the receipt by the Trustee of a Request for Release therefor, the Trustee shall promptly release to the Master Servicer the Mortgage Files for the Mortgage Loans. Upon presentation and surrender of the Certificates, the Trustee shall cause to be distributed to the Certificateholders of each Class, in the order set forth in Section 4.2 hereof, on the final Distribution Date, in the case of the Certificateholders, in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests, with respect to Certificateholders of the same Class, an amount equal to (i) as to each Class of Regular Certificates, the Class Certificate Balance thereof plus accrued interest thereon in the case of an interest bearing Certificate, and (ii) as to the Residual Certificates, the amount, if any, which remains on deposit in the Distribution Account (other than the amounts retained to meet claims) after application pursuant to clause (i) above. In the event that any affected Certificateholders shall not surrender Certificates for cancellation within six months after the date specified in the above mentioned written notice, the Trustee shall give a second written notice to the remaining Certificateholders to surrender their Certificates for cancellation and receive the final distribution with respect thereto. If within six months after the second notice all the applicable Certificates shall not have been surrendered for cancellation, the Trustee may take appropriate steps, or may appoint an agent to take appropriate steps, to contact the remaining Certificateholders concerning surrender of their Certificates, and the cost thereof shall be paid out of the funds and other assets which remain a part of the Trust Fund. If within one year after the second notice all Certificates shall not have been surrendered for cancellation, the Holders of each of the Class I-A-R Certificates shall be entitled to all unclaimed funds and other assets of the Trust Fund, held for distribution to such Certificateholders, which remain subject hereto.
Certificate Distribution Account The Certificate Distribution Account shall be established as a non-interest bearing trust account pursuant to Section 4.1 of the Sale and Servicing Agreement. Funds on deposit in the Certificate Distribution Account shall be held uninvested. The Certificateholders shall possess all beneficial right, title and interest in and to all funds on deposit from time to time in the Certificate Distribution Account and all proceeds thereof. Except as otherwise provided herein, in the Indenture or in the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the Certificate Distribution Account shall be under the sole dominion and control of the Certificate Paying Agent for the benefit of the Certificateholders. If, at any time, the Certificate Distribution Account ceases to be an Eligible Account, the Servicer on behalf of the Issuer, shall, within ten (10) Business Days (or such longer period) after becoming aware of the fact, establish a new Certificate Distribution Account as an Eligible Account and shall direct the Certificate Paying Agent to transfer any cash then on deposit in the Certificate Distribution Account to such new Certificate Distribution Account.
Distributions on the Certificates (a) Interest and principal on the Certificates will be distributed monthly on each Distribution Date, commencing in January 2002, in an aggregate amount equal to the sum of the Available Funds for such Distribution Date.
(i) On each Distribution Date, the Available Funds shall be distributed as follows:
(A) On each Distribution Date prior to the Cross-Over Date, the Group 1 Available Funds will be distributed in the following order of priority among the Group 1 Senior Certificates: first, to the Class I-A Certificates, the Accrued Certificate Interest on such Class for such Distribution Date; second, to the Class I-A Certificates, any Accrued Certificate Interest thereon remaining undistributed from previous Distribution Dates, to the extent of remaining Group 1 Available Funds; third, to the Group 1 Senior Certificates, the Group 1 Optimal Principal Amount for such Distribution Date to the extent of remaining Group 1 Available Funds, until the Current Principal Amount of the Group 1 Senior Certificates has been reduced to zero.
(B) On each Distribution Date prior to the Cross-Over Date, the Group 2 Available Funds will be distributed to the Group 2 Senior Certificates as follows: first, to the Group 2 Senior Certificates, the Accrued Certificate Interest on such Class for such Distribution Date; second, to the Group 2 Senior Certificates, any Accrued Certificate Interest thereon remaining undistributed from previous Distribution Dates, to the extent of remaining Group 2 Available Funds; third, sequentially, in the following order, to the Class R-I, Class R-II and Class II-A Certificates, in reduction of the Current Principal Amounts thereof, the Group 2 Senior Optimal Principal Amount for such Distribution Date to the extent of remaining Group 2 Available Funds, until the Current Principal Amounts thereof have been reduced to zero;
(C) Except as provided in (D) and (E) below, on each Distribution Date prior to the Cross-Over Date, an amount equal to any remaining Group 1 and Group 2 Available Funds after the distributions in (A) and (B) above will be distributed sequentially, in the following order, to the Class B-1, Class B-2, Class B-3, Class B-4, Class B-5 and Class B-6 Certificates, in each case up to an amount equal to and in the following order: (a) the Accrued Certificate Interest thereon for such Distribution Date, (b) any Accrued Certificate Interest thereon remaining undistributed from previous Distribution Dates and (c) such Class's Allocable Share for such Distribution Date, in each case, to the extent of remaining Available Funds.
(D) On each Distribution Date prior to the Cross-Over Date, but after the reduction of the Current Principal Amount of the Group 1 or Group 2 Senior Certificates to zero, the remaining Class or Classes of Senior Certificates will be entitled to receive in reduction of their Current Principal Amounts, pro rata based upon their Current Principal Amounts immediately prior to such Distribution Date, in addition to any Principal Prepayments related to such remaining Senior Certificates' respective Loan Group allocated to such Group of Senior Certificates, 100% of the Principal Prepayments on any Mortgage Loan in the Loan Group relating to the fully repaid Class of Senior Certificates; provided, however, that if (A) the weighted average Subordinate Percentage equals or exceeds 6.20% on such Distribution Date and (B) the aggregate Scheduled Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans delinquent 60 days or more (including for this purpose any such Mortgage Loans in foreclosure and Mortgage Loans with respect to which the related Mortgaged Property has been acquired by the Trust), averaged over the last six months, as a percentage of the sum of the aggregate Current Principal Amount of the Subordinate Certificates does not exceed 100%, then the additional allocation of Principal Prepayments to the Senior Certificates in accordance with this clause (D) will not be made.
(E) If on any Distribution Date on which the aggregate Current Principal Amount of any Class or Classes of Senior Certificates would be greater than the aggregate Scheduled Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans in its related Loan Group and any Subordinate Certificates are still outstanding in each case after giving effect to distributions to be made on such Distribution Date, (i) 100% of amounts otherwise allocable to the Subordinate Certificates in respect of principal will be distributed to such Class or Classes of Senior Certificates in reduction of the Current Principal Amounts thereof, until the aggregate Current Principal Amount of such Class or Classes of Senior Certificates is an amount equal to the aggregate Scheduled Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans in its related Loan Group, and (ii) the Accrued Certificate Interest otherwise allocable to the Subordinate Certificates on such Distribution Date will be reduced, if necessary, and distributed to such Class or Classes of Senior Certificates in an amount equal to the Accrued Certificate Interest for such Distribution Date on the excess of (x) the aggregate Current Principal Balance of such Class or Classes of Senior Certificates over (y) the aggregate Scheduled Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans in the related Loan Group. Any such reduction in the Accrued Certificate Interest on the Subordinate Certificates will be allocated in reverse order of the Subordinate Certificates numerical designations, commencing with the Class B-6 Certificates.
Sub-Servicing Agreements Between Master Servicer and Sub-Servicers (a) The Master Servicer may enter into Sub-Servicing Agreements with Sub-Servicers for the servicing and administration of the Mortgage Loans; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that such agreements would not result in a withdrawal or a downgrading by any Rating Agency of the rating on any Class of Certificates. The Trustee is hereby authorized to acknowledge, at the request of the Master Servicer, any Sub-Servicing Agreement that meets the requirements applicable to Sub-Servicing Agreements set forth in this Agreement and that is otherwise permitted under this Agreement. Each Sub-Servicer shall be (i) authorized to transact business in the state or states where the related Mortgaged Properties it is to service are situated, if and to the extent required by applicable law to enable the Sub-Servicer to perform its obligations hereunder and under the Sub-Servicing Agreement and (ii) a Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae approved mxxxxxxx servicex. Xxxh Sub-Servicing Agreement must impose on the Sub-Servicer requirements conforming to the provisions set forth in Section 3.08 and provide for servicing of the Mortgage Loans consistent with the terms of this Agreement. The Master Servicer will examine each Sub-Servicing Agreement and will be familiar with the terms thereof. The terms of any Sub-Servicing Agreement will not be inconsistent with any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Master Servicer and the Sub-Servicers may enter into and make amendments to the Sub-Servicing Agreements or enter into different forms of Sub-Servicing Agreements; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any such amendments or different forms shall be consistent with and not violate the provisions of this Agreement, and that no such amendment or different form shall be made or entered into which could be reasonably expected to be materially adverse to the interests of the Certificateholders without the consent of the Holders of Certificates entitled to at least 66% of the Voting Rights; PROVIDED, FURTHER, that the consent of the Holders of Certificates entitled to at least 66% of the Voting Rights shall not be required (i) to cure any ambiguity or defect in a Sub-Servicing Agreement, (ii) to correct, modify or supplement any provisions of a Sub- Servicing Agreement, or (iii) to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under a Sub-Servicing Agreement, which, in each case, shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement. Any variation without the consent of the Holders of Certificates entitled to at least 66% of the Voting Rights from the provisions set forth in Section 3.08 relating to insurance or priority requirements of Sub-Servicing Accounts, or credits and charges to the Sub- Servicing Accounts or the timing and amount of remittances by the Sub-Servicers to the Master Servicer, are conclusively deemed to be inconsistent with this Agreement and therefore prohibited. The Master Servicer shall deliver to the Trustee copies of all Sub-Servicing Agreements, and any amendments or modifications thereof, promptly upon the Master Servicer's execution and delivery of such instruments.
(b) As part of its servicing activities hereunder, the Master Servicer, for the benefit of the Trustee and the Certificateholders, shall enforce the obligations of each Sub-Servicer under the related Sub-Servicing Agreement and of the Originator under the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement, including, without limitation, any obligation to make advances in respect of delinquent payments as required by a Sub-Servicing Agreement, or to purchase a Mortgage Loan on account of missing or defective documentation or on account of a breach of a representation, warranty or covenant, as described in Section 2.03(a). Such enforcement, including, without limitation, the legal prosecution of claims, termination of Sub-Servicing Agreements, and the pursuit of other appropriate remedies, shall be in such form and carried out to such an extent and at such time as the Master Servicer, in its good faith business judgment, would require were it the owner of the related Mortgage Loans. The Master Servicer shall pay the costs of such enforcement at its own expense, and shall be reimbursed therefor only (i) from a general recovery resulting from such enforcement, to the extent, if any, that such recovery exceeds all amounts due in respect of the related Mortgage Loans, or (ii) from a specific recovery of costs, expenses or attorneys' fees against the party against whom such enforcement is directed. Enforcement of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement against the Originator shall be effected by the Master Servicer to the extent it is not the Originator, and otherwise by the Trustee in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this paragraph.
Servicing Fees The Trust or NSLF, if applicable, shall pay to the Master Servicer, on or before the 25th day of each month, or within fifteen (15) days of billing statement (which may be sent either by the Master Servicer or Nelnet or the Subservicers), for and in consideration of the services performed by the Master Servicer and Subservicers hereunder for the preceding month, the fee provided for in Schedule A of this Agreement ("Servicing Fee"). In the event Servicing Fees are not paid within thirty (30) days of the billing statement, the Master Servicer will have the following rights to (a) impose a late charge of one and one-half percent (1 1/2%) per month against the entire outstanding balance of the past due Servicing Fee including any prior late charge; and (b) terminate services without notice if nonpayment persists for sixty (60) days from billing or more. The Servicing Fee due from the Trust and related charges shall be paid only from the Trust Estate and only to the extent moneys are available as provided for under the terms of the Indenture.
Distribution to ADS Holders Whenever the Company intends to distribute to the holders of the Deposited Securities rights to subscribe for additional Shares, the Company shall give notice thereof to the Depositary at least 60 days prior to the proposed distribution stating whether or not it wishes such rights to be made available to Holders of ADSs. Upon timely receipt of a notice indicating that the Company wishes such rights to be made available to Holders of ADSs, the Depositary shall consult with the Company to determine, and the Company shall determine, whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to make such rights available to the Holders. The Depositary shall make such rights available to Holders only if (i) the Company shall have timely requested that such rights be made available to Holders, (ii) the Depositary shall have received satisfactory documentation within the terms of Section 5.7 hereof and (iii) the Depositary shall have determined that such distribution of rights is lawful and reasonably practicable. In the event any of the conditions set forth above are not satisfied, the Depositary shall proceed with the sale of the rights as contemplated in Section 4.4(b) below or, if timing or market conditions may not permit, do nothing thereby allowing such rights to lapse. In the event all conditions set forth above are satisfied, the Depositary shall establish an ADS Record Date (upon the terms described in Section 4.7 hereof) and establish procedures to distribute such rights (by means of warrants or otherwise) and to enable the Holders to exercise the rights (upon payment of applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and taxes and/or other governmental charges). Nothing herein shall obligate the Depositary to make available to the Holders a method to exercise such rights to subscribe for Shares (rather than ADSs).
May Hold Certificates The Trustee, any Paying Agent, Registrar or any other agent of the Trust, in its individual or any other capacity, may become an Owner or pledgee of Certificates and may otherwise deal with the Trust with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, any Paying Agent, Registrar or such other agent.
Distribution of Reports to the Trustee and the Company; Advances by the Master Servicer (a) Prior to the close of business on the Determination Date, the Master Servicer shall furnish a written statement to the Trustee, any Certificate Insurer, any Paying Agent and the Company (the information in such statement to be made available to Certificateholders by the Master Servicer on request) setting forth (i) the Available Distribution Amount and (ii) the amounts required to be withdrawn from the Custodial Account and deposited into the Certificate Account on the immediately succeeding Certificate Account Deposit Date pursuant to clause (iii) of Section 4.01(a). The determination by the Master Servicer of such amounts shall, in the absence of obvious error, be presumptively deemed to be correct for all purposes hereunder and the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon the same without any independent check or verification.
(b) On or before 2:00 P.M. New York time on each Certificate Account Deposit Date, the Master Servicer shall either (i) deposit in the Certificate Account from its own funds, or funds received therefor from the Subservicers, an amount equal to the Advances to be made by the Master Servicer in respect of the related Distribution Date, which shall be in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate amount of Monthly Payments (with each interest portion thereof adjusted to the Net Mortgage Rate), less the amount of any related Servicing Modifications, Debt Service Reductions or reductions in the amount of interest collectable from the Mortgagor pursuant to the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940, as amended, or similar legislation or regulations then in effect, on the Outstanding Mortgage Loans as of the related Due Date, which Monthly Payments were not received as of the close of business as of the related Determination Date; provided that no Advance shall be made if it would be a Nonrecoverable Advance, (ii) withdraw from amounts on deposit in the Custodial Account and deposit in the Certificate Account all or a portion of the Amount Held for Future Distribution in discharge of any such Advance, or (iii) make advances in the form of any combination of (i) and (ii) aggregating the amount of such Advance. Any portion of the Amount Held for Future Distribution so used shall be replaced by the Master Servicer by deposit in the Certificate Account on or before 11:00 A.M. New York time on any future Certificate Account Deposit Date to the extent that funds attributable to the Mortgage Loans that are available in the Custodial Account for deposit in the Certificate Account on such Certificate Account Deposit Date shall be less than payments to Certificateholders required to be made on the following Distribution Date. The Master Servicer shall be entitled to use any Advance made by a Subservicer as described in Section 3.07(b) that has been deposited in the Custodial Account on or before such Distribution Date as part of the Advance made by the Master Servicer pursuant to this Section 4.04. The amount of any reimbursement pursuant to Section 4.02(a) in respect of outstanding Advances on any Distribution Date shall be allocated to specific Monthly Payments due but delinquent for previous Due Periods, which allocation shall be made, to the extent practicable, to Monthly Payments which have been delinquent for the longest period of time. Such allocations shall be conclusive for purposes of reimbursement to the Master Servicer from recoveries on related Mortgage Loans pursuant to Section 3.10. The determination by the Master Servicer that it has made a Nonrecoverable Advance or that any proposed Advance, if made, would constitute a Nonrecoverable Advance, shall be evidenced by an Officers' Certificate of the Master Servicer delivered to the Company and the Trustee. If the Master Servicer determines as of the Business Day preceding any Certificate Account Deposit Date that it will be unable to deposit in the Certificate Account an amount equal to the Advance required to be made for the immediately succeeding Distribution Date, it shall give notice to the Trustee of its inability to advance (such notice may be given by telecopy), not later than 3:00 P.M., New York time, on such Business Day, specifying the portion of such amount that it will be unable to deposit. Not later than 3:00 P.M., New York time, on the Certificate Account Deposit Date the Trustee shall, unless by 12:00 Noon, New York time, on such day the Trustee shall have been notified in writing (by telecopy) that the Master Servicer shall have directly or indirectly deposited in the Certificate Account such portion of the amount of the Advance as to which the Master Servicer shall have given notice pursuant to the preceding sentence, pursuant to Section 7.01, (a) terminate all of the rights and obligations of the Master Servicer under this Agreement in accordance with Section 7.01 and (b) assume the rights and obligations of the Master Servicer hereunder, including the obligation to deposit in the Certificate Account an amount equal to the Advance for the immediately succeeding Distribution Date. The Trustee shall deposit all funds it receives pursuant to this Section 4.04 into the Certificate Account.
Distributions from the Certificate Account (a) On each Distribution Date the Trustee shall withdraw from the Certificate Account the Total Distribution Amount for such date, shall allocate such amount to the interests issued in respect of the Trust Fund and shall distribute such amount as specified in this Section.
(b) On each Distribution Date, the Trustee shall distribute the Interest Remittance Amount for such date in the following order of priority:
(i) to the Senior Certificates, pro rata, Accrued Certificate Interest for such Class and such Distribution Date, plus any unpaid Accrued Certificate Interest remaining unpaid from any prior Distribution Date;
(ii) to the Class M-1 Certificates, Accrued Certificate Interest for such Class and such Distribution Date, plus any unpaid Accrued Certificate Interest remaining unpaid from any prior Distribution Date;
(iii) to the Class M-2 Certificates, Accrued Certificate Interest for such Class and such Distribution Date, plus any unpaid Accrued Certificate Interest remaining unpaid from any prior Distribution Date;
(iv) to the Class M-3 Certificates, Accrued Certificate Interest for such Class and such Distribution Date, plus any unpaid Accrued Certificate Interest remaining unpaid from any prior Distribution Date;
(v) to the Class B-1 Certificates, Accrued Certificate Interest for such Class and such Distribution Date, plus any unpaid Accrued Certificate Interest remaining unpaid from any prior Distribution Date;
(vi) to the Class B-2 Certificates, Accrued Certificate Interest for such Class and such Distribution Date, plus any unpaid Accrued Certificate Interest remaining unpaid from any prior Distribution Date;
(vii) to the Class B-3 Certificates, Accrued Certificate Interest for such Class and such Distribution Date, plus any unpaid Accrued Certificate Interest remaining unpaid from any prior Distribution Date; and
(viii) any remaining Interest Remittance Amount to the Class R Certificates.
(c) On each Distribution Date, the Trustee shall distribute the Principal Remittance Amount for such date as follows:
(i) to the holders of the Class R Certificates and Class A Certificates, in that order, to the extent of the Principal Remittance Amount, the Senior Principal Distribution Amount, in reduction of the Current Principal Amounts thereof, until the Current Principal Amounts thereof have been reduced to zero;
(ii) to the holders of the Class M-1 Certificates, to the extent of the portion of the Principal Remittance Amount remaining after the distribution in clause (i) above, the Class M-1 Principal Distribution Amount, in reduction of the Current Principal Amount thereof, until the Current Principal Amount thereof has been reduced to zero;
(iii) to the holders of the Class M-2 Certificates, to the extent of the portion of the Principal Remittance Amount remaining after distributions in clauses (i) and (ii) above, the Class M-2 Principal Distribution Amount, in reduction of the Current Principal Amount thereof, until the Current Principal Amount thereof has been reduced to zero;
(iv) to the holders of the Class M-3 Certificates, to the extent of the portion of the Principal Remittance Amount remaining after distributions in clauses (i) through (iii) above, the Class M-3 Principal Distribution Amount, in reduction of the Current Principal Amount thereof, until the Current Principal Amount thereof has been reduced to zero;
(v) to the holders of the Class B-1 Certificates, to the extent of the portion of the Principal Remittance Amount remaining after the distributions in clauses (i) through (iv) above, the Class B-1 Principal Distribution Amount, in reduction of the Current Principal Amount thereof, until the Current Principal Amount thereof has been reduced to zero;
(vi) to the holders of the Class B-2 Certificates, to the extent of the portion of the Principal Remittance Amount remaining after the distributions in clauses (i) through (v) above, the Class B-2 Principal Distribution Amount, in reduction of the Current Principal Amount thereof, until the Current Principal Amount thereof has been reduced to zero; and
(vii) to the holders of the Class B-2, Class B-1, Class M-3, Class M-2, Class M-1, Class A and Class B-3 Certificates, in that order, the Principal Remittance Amount remaining after the distributions in clauses (i) through (vi) above, in reduction of the Current Principal Amounts thereof, until the Current Principal Amounts thereof have been reduced to zero; and
(viii) to the holders of the Class R Certificates. Notwithstanding the foregoing, on any Distribution Date on which the Class Principal Amount of each Class of Certificates having a higher priority of distribution has been reduced to zero, any remaining Principal Remittance Amount will be distributed to the remaining Certificates in the order of priority set forth above until the Class Principal Amount of each such Class has been reduced to zero.
(d) On or prior to each Determination Date, the Master Servicer shall determine the amount of any Deferred Interest in respect of each Mortgage Loan that occurred during the immediately preceding calendar month and provide such information to the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.20. With respect to any Distribution Date, the aggregate amount of Deferred Interest, if any, that is added to the Scheduled Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans on the Due Date occurring in the month in which such Distribution Date occurs will be added to the Current Principal Amounts of the Certificates on a pro rata basis based on a fraction, the numerator of which is the Current Principal Amount of each such Class and the denominator of which is the aggregate Current Principal Amount of such Classes of Certificates, in each case immediately prior to such Distribution Date. Deferred Interest allocated to any Certificate on any Distribution Date will be added to the Current Principal Amount thereof on such Distribution Date and will thereafter bear interest at the then applicable Pass-Through Rate.
