Expression of WFDC proteins Sample Clauses

Expression of WFDC proteins. The first study looking at WFDC1 expression was performed on rat tissues, as ps20 was originally purified as a growth inhibitory factor from rat urogenital sinus mesenchymal cells. This study also showed high expression of ps20 in the heart, with detectable but low expression in testis and prostate. However, immunohistochemical analysis of rat prostate tissue, revealed strong staining in smooth muscle in the stroma and vasculature (Xxxxxx et al., 1998). This was the first suggestion that ps20 is a stromally expressed protein. In a later study reporting cloning of the human WFDC1 gene, expression was shown in lung, cervix, prostate and uterus, with the highest being in the lung and prostate (Xxxxxx et al., 1998). Subsequent reports including immunohistochemical analysis have also suggested that stromal smooth muscle is a key site of ps20 expression (XxXxxxxx et al., 2003), and global BioPGS data largely support previous sites of WFDC1 expression, with the highest being in the prostate, placenta, lung, gut, retina and brain (fig. 1.3). More recently, one key function of WFDC1 has been uncovered by a study identifying the gene mutation causing multiple ocular defects (MOD) in cattle to the WFDC1 locus. This condition comprises several developmental abnormalities in the eyes of Japanese cattle, revealing a significant role for WFDC1 in the development of these tissues (Abbasi et al., 2009). In the same report by Xxxxxxx et al situ hybridization revealed significant expression of WFDC1 mRNA in the ocular tissues of cattle and mice, and this was confirmed in mouse eyes using immunohistochemical analysis of ps20 expression. Ps20 was also present at the embryonic stages of development, suggesting a role during development of these tissues in animals other than cattle (Abbasi et al., 2009). Interestingly, SLPI is also highly expressed in the retina (fig 1.3) and has recently been reported to be a regulator of neuron repair following upregulation in response to cAMP signalling. Furthermore, exogenous SLPI was shown to enhance axonal regeneration (Xxxxxxx et al., 2013). Taken alongside the report citing WFDC1 mutations as the cause of MOD, it seems reasonable to conclude that expression of WFDC family proteins in nervous tissues may play an important role in either development, and/or neuronal repair mechanisms, in keeping with a broader role in wound repair, which has been previously characterised for both WFDC1 and SLPI (Xxxxxxx et al., 2014, Xxx et al., 2002). Ano...
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