Tax Cooperation The Parties agree to use commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with one another and use commercially reasonable efforts to avoid or reduce, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, Tax withholding or similar obligations in respect of royalties, milestone payments, and other payments made by the paying Party to the receiving Party under this Agreement (“Withholding Taxes”). If Withholding Taxes are imposed on any payment under this Agreement, the liability for such Withholding Taxes shall be the sole responsibility of the receiving Party, and the paying Party shall (i) deduct or withhold such Withholding Taxes from the payment made to the receiving Party, (ii) timely pay such Withholding Taxes to the proper taxing authority, and (iii) send proof of payment to the receiving Party within thirty (30) days following such payment. If and to the extent the paying Party failed to retain Withholding Taxes (e.g. because the Parties assumed that Withholding Taxes will not be imposed) or if Withholding Taxes are imposed on “deemed payments” the receiving Party shall reimburse the paying Party for any Withholding Tax obligation vis-à-vis the tax authorities. Each Party shall comply with (or provide the other Party with) any certification, identification or other reporting requirements that may be reasonably necessary in order for the paying Party to not withhold Withholding Taxes or to withhold Withholding Taxes at a reduced rate under an applicable bilateral income tax treaty. Each Party shall provide the other with commercially reasonable assistance to enable the recovery, as permitted by Applicable Laws, of Withholding Taxes or similar obligations resulting from payments made under this Agreement, such recovery to be for the benefit of the Party bearing the cost of such Withholding Taxes under this Section 16.5(d) (Tax Cooperation). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if as a result of any assignment or sublicense by the paying Party, any change in the paying Party’s tax residency, any change in the entity that originates the payment, or any failure on the part of the paying Party to comply with Applicable Laws with respect to Withholding Taxes (including filing or record retention requirements), Withholding Taxes are imposed that would not otherwise have been imposed (“Incremental Withholding Taxes”), then the paying Party shall be solely responsible for the amount of such Incremental Withholding Taxes and shall increase the amounts payable to the receiving Party so that the receiving Party receives a sum equal to the sum which it would have received had there been no such imposition of Incremental Withholding Taxes. If a Party makes a payment in accordance with the sentence above (gross-up) (“Tax Payment”) and