Household Impacts on Employment Outcomes Sample Clauses

Household Impacts on Employment Outcomes. Family background can determine an individual’s decision on labour supply, affecting the probability of being at work. However, the estimation results show that the impacts of the number of children in the household vary in different ethnic groups, years, and people with different employment statuses. This paper evaluates the household impacts through the number of children of different ages and an individual’s family role. According to statistics, having more children could increase individuals’ possibility of being unemployed for both whites and non-whites, which is aligned with Blackaby et al. (2002). This impact is also positively correlated with children’s age. In other words, the younger the children, the higher the possibility of being unemployed. According to Table 3.4, in 2010, a white individual was 9.22% less likely to be in work if he/she had 1 more child with ages between 2 to 4 years old. However, the possibility could be reduced to 2.92% if children were aged around 10 to 15 years old. The upper bound of the likelihood of a white leaving the labour force was pinned at 8.39% if he/she had an additional one child aged between 2 and 4; the lower bound was set at 2.73% if the child was older than 10 years old. These figures had been increased in 2016. According to Table 3.5, in 2016, having a child under 2 years old made a white individual 10.57% more likely to withdraw from the labour force. This figure had been reduced to 1.89% if having a child older than 10 years old. The upper bound of the likelihood of a white being NLF had been increased to 10.57% if he/she had a child aged less than 2 years old; the lower bound had further reduced to 1.89% if having a child older than 10 years old. Similar impacts were observed in Non-whites in both 2010 and 2016. Non-white indi- viduals with younger children had a higher unlikelihood of being employed and a lower motivation to be in the labour force. According to Table 3.6, in 2010, having a child aged under 2 years old made a non-white 10.92% less likely to be employed and 12.41% more likely to quit the labour force. The lowest figure in the unlikelihood of being employed could be reached if the child aged between 5 and 9 years old (5.56% less likely). Accord- ing to Table 3.7, in 2016, having an additional child under 2 years old had no significant effect on the employment probability of non-whites. However, it could make a non-white 8.26% (the highest probability) more likely to leave the labour forc...
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Related to Household Impacts on Employment Outcomes

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