Individual Crimes Sample Clauses

Individual Crimes. The ICTY has often relied, not always accurately, on the NMT judgments or on Law No. 10 when addressing specific war crimes. In some cases, the Tribunal has used those sources to establish the criminality of a particular act under customary international law. In Blaškić, for example, the Appeals Chamber relied on High Command to hold that forcing POWs to perform dangerous work qualifies as a war crime.69 Similarly, in Furundžija, the Appeals Chamber held that “the international community has long recognized rape as a war crime” based in part on the fact that “rape was prosecuted as a war crime under Control Council Law No. 10”70 – an erroneous claim, given that Law No. 10 only prohibited rape as a crime against humanity and that none of the defendants in the trials were ever charged with rape.71 In other cases, the ICTY has relied on the judgments or Law No. 10 to establish the definition of a particular war crime. In Naletilić & Martinović, Trial Chamber I cited Xxxxx for the idea that plunder applies not only to “acts of appropriation committed by individual soldiers for their private gain,” but also to “large-scale seizures of property within the framework of systematic economic exploitations of occupied territory.”72 And in Kordić & Čerkez, the Appeals Chamber justified not limiting the war crime of plunder to occupied territory by pointing out that Law No. 10 did not contain such a requirement. 73 That was a questionable citation: as discussed in Chapter 9, the Farben, Xxxxx, and Ministries tribunals each dismissed plunder charges on the ground that the acts in question took place outside of occupied territory.74 63 Id. at 1251-52. 64 XX XX, art. 34. 65 Id., art. 33. 66 XXXXXX, FINAL REPORT, 108. 67 Xxxx Xxxxxx, Killing of Hostages, 309. 68 PICTET, COMMENTARY ON GC III, 229. 69 Prosecutor x. Xxxxxxx, IT-95-14-A, Judgment, para. 589 (29 July 2004). 70 Prosecutor v. Furundžija, IT-95-17/1-A, Judgment, para. 210 (21 July 2000). 71 The Čelebići trial judgment made a similar error, wrongly claiming that the London Charter prohibited rape as a crime against humanity. Čelebići, Trial Judgment, para. 476. Rape made its first appearance as a crime against humanity in Law No. 10. 72 Prosecutor x. Xxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxxx, IT-98-34-T, Judgment, para. 619 (31 Mar. 2003). 73 Xxxxxx & Xxxxxx, Appeals Judgment, para. 78. 74 See Chapter 9. The NMTs’ most important contribution to war-crimes jurisprudence concerns medical experimentation. The Medical tribunal’s articu...
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Individual Crimes. Courts have consistently cited the NMTs when addressing specific crimes against humanity. In some cases, they have relied on the tribunals to interpret an element common to all such crimes. In Tadić, for example, the Appeals Chamber relied, inter alia, on the text of Article II(c) of Law No. 10 to reverse the Trial Chamber’s holding that all crimes against humanity have to be committed with discriminatory intent.98 More often, though, courts have relied on the tribunals to establish the customary existence or customary definition of a specific crime against humanity.

Related to Individual Crimes

  • Anti-Money Laundering Compliance A. Each of Distributor and Client acknowledges that it is a financial institution subject to the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 and the Bank Secrecy Act (collectively, the “AML Acts”), which require, among other things, that financial institutions adopt compliance programs to guard against money laundering. Each represents and warrants to the other that it is in compliance with and will continue to comply with the AML Acts and applicable regulations in all relevant respects. B. The Distributor shall include specific contractual provisions regarding anti-money laundering compliance obligations in agreements entered into by the Distributor with any broker-dealer or other financial intermediary that is authorized to effect transactions in Shares of the Funds. C. Each of Distributor and Client agrees that it will take such further steps, and cooperate with the other as may be reasonably necessary, to facilitate compliance with the AML Acts, including but not limited to the provision of copies of its written procedures, policies and controls related thereto (“AML Operations”). Distributor undertakes that it will grant to the Client, the Client’s anti-money laundering compliance officer and appropriate regulatory agencies, reasonable access to copies of Distributor’s AML Operations, and related books and records to the extent they pertain to the Distributor’s services hereunder. It is expressly understood and agreed that the Client and the Client’s compliance officer shall have no access to any of Distributor’s AML Operations, books or records pertaining to other clients or services of Distributor.

  • Anti-Money Laundering and Identity Theft Prevention Related Duties Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Trust hereby delegates to the Transfer Agent the Delegated Anti-Money Laundering Duties and, where applicable, the Delegated Identity Theft Prevention Duties that are set forth in the Trust’s Anti-Money Laundering (“AML”) Program and Identity Theft Prevention Program (“IDTPP”) as described below. The Transfer Agent agrees to perform the Delegated Anti-Money Laundering Duties and the Delegated Identity Theft Prevention Duties, with respect to ownership of shares in the Fund for which the Transfer Agent maintains the applicable information subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Contract.

  • Public Entity Crimes A person or affiliate who has been placed on the convicted vendor list following a conviction of a public entity crime may not be awarded or perform work as a contractor, supplier, subcontractor, or consultant under a contract with any public entity in excess of the threshold amount provided in Florida Statutes, Section 287.017 for Category Two for a period of thirty-six (36) months from the date of being placed on the convicted vendor list.

  • Money Laundering The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.

  • CRIMINAL/CIVIL SANCTIONS 1. Each officer or employee of any person to whom returns or return information is or may be disclosed will be notified in writing by such person that returns or return information disclosed to such officer or employee can be used only for a purpose and to the extent authorized herein, and that further disclosure of any such returns or return information for a purpose or to an extent unauthorized herein constitutes a felony punishable upon conviction by a fine of as much as $5,000 or imprisonment for as long as 5 years, or both, together with the costs of prosecution. Such person shall also notify each such officer and employee that any such unauthorized further disclosure of returns or return information may also result in an award of civil damages against the officer or employee in an amount not less than $1,000 with respect to each instance of unauthorized disclosure. These penalties are prescribed by IRC sections 7213 and 7431 and set forth at 26 CFR 301.6103(n)-1. 2. Each officer or employee of any person to whom returns or return information is or may be disclosed shall be notified in writing by such person that any return or return information made available in any format shall be used only for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Contract. Information contained in such material shall be treated as confidential and shall not be divulged or made known in any manner to any person except as may be necessary in the performance of the Contract. Inspection by or disclosure to anyone without an official need to know constitutes a criminal misdemeanor punishable upon conviction by a fine of as much as $1,000 or imprisonment for as long as 1 year, or both, together with the costs of prosecution. Such person shall also notify each such officer and employee that any such unauthorized inspection or disclosure of returns or return information may also result in an award of civil damages against the officer or employee in an amount equal to the sum of the greater of $1,000 for each act of unauthorized inspection or disclosure with respect to which such defendant is found liable or the sum of the actual damages sustained by the plaintiff as a result of such unauthorized inspection or disclosure plus in the case of a willful inspection or disclosure which is the result of gross negligence, punitive damages, plus the costs of the action. These penalties are prescribed by IRC section 7213A and 7431, and set forth at 26 CFR 301.6103(n)-1. 3. Additionally, it is incumbent upon the Contractor to inform its officers and employees of the penalties for improper disclosure imposed by the Privacy Act of 1974, 5 U.S.C. 552a. Specifically, 5 U.S.C. 552a(i)(1), which is made applicable to contractors by 5 U.S.C. 552a(m)(1), provides that any officer or employee of a contractor, who by virtue of his/her employment or official position, has possession of or access to State records which contain individually identifiable information, the disclosure of which is prohibited by the Privacy Act or regulations established thereunder, and who knowing that disclosure of the specific material is prohibited, willfully discloses the material in any manner to any person or agency not entitled to receive it, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and fined not more than $5,000. 4. Prior to Contractor having access to Federal tax information, Contractor shall certify that each Contractor employee or other individual with access to or who use Federal tax information on Contractor’s behalf pursuant to this Contract understands the State’s security policy and procedures for safeguarding Federal tax information. Contractor’s authorization to access Federal tax information hereunder shall be contingent upon annual recertification. The initial certification and recertification must be documented and placed in the State's files for review. As part of the certification, and at least annually afterwards, Contractor will be advised of the provisions of IRCs 7431, 7213, and 7213A (see IRS Publication 1075 Exhibit 4, Sanctions for Unauthorized Disclosure, and Exhibit 5, Civil Damages for Unauthorized Disclosure). The training provided before the initial certification and annually thereafter must also cover the incident response policy and procedure for reporting unauthorized disclosures and data breaches (See Publication 1075, Section 10). For both the initial certification and the annual certification, the Contractor must sign a confidentiality statement certifying its understanding of the security requirements.

  • Bank Secrecy Act; Money Laundering; Patriot Act Neither the Company, nor to the Company’s knowledge, any Company Affiliate, has violated: (i) the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended, (ii) the Money Laundering Laws or (iii) the Uniting and Strengthening of America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001, and/or the rules and regulations promulgated under any such law, or any successor law.

  • Foreign Assets Control Regulations and Anti-Money Laundering Each Credit Party and each Subsidiary of each Credit Party is and will remain in compliance in all material respects with all U.S. economic sanctions laws, Executive Orders and implementing regulations as promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), and all applicable anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing provisions of the Bank Secrecy Act and all regulations issued pursuant to it. No Credit Party and no Subsidiary or Affiliate of a Credit Party (i) is a Person designated by the U.S. government on the list of the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons (the “SDN List”) with which a U.S. Person cannot deal with or otherwise engage in business transactions, (ii) is a Person who is otherwise the target of U.S. economic sanctions laws such that a U.S. Person cannot deal or otherwise engage in business transactions with such Person or (iii) is controlled by (including without limitation by virtue of such person being a director or owning voting shares or interests), or acts, directly or indirectly, for or on behalf of, any person or entity on the SDN List or a foreign government that is the target of U.S. economic sanctions prohibitions such that the entry into, or performance under, this Agreement or any other Loan Document would be prohibited under U.S. law.

  • No Felony Criminal Convictions Contractor represents that neither Contractor nor any of its employees, agents, or representatives, including any subcontractors and employees, agents, or representative of such subcontractors, have been convicted of a felony criminal offense or that if such a conviction has occurred Contractor has fully advised System Agency in writing of the facts and circumstances surrounding the convictions.

  • Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Programs Soliciting Dealer represents to the Dealer Manager and to the Company that it has established and implemented anti-money laundering compliance programs in accordance with applicable law, including applicable FINRA Conduct Rules, the Exchange Act Rules and Regulations and the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, as amended (the “USA PATRIOT Act”), specifically including, but not limited to, Section 352 of the International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act of 2001 (the “Money Laundering Abatement Act,” and together with the USA PATRIOT Act, the “AML Rules”) reasonably expected to detect and cause the reporting of suspicious transactions in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares. Soliciting Dealer further represents that it currently is in compliance with all AML Rules, specifically including, but not limited to, the Customer Identification Program requirements under Section 326 of the Money Laundering Abatement Act, and Soliciting Dealer hereby covenants to remain in compliance with such requirements and shall, upon request by the Dealer Manager or the Company, provide a certification to the Dealer Manager or the Company that, as of the date of such certification (a) its AML Program is consistent with the AML Rules, and (b) it is currently in compliance with all AML Rules, specifically including, but not limited to, the Customer Identification Program requirements under Section 326 of the Money Laundering Abatement Act. Upon request by the Dealer Manager at any time, Soliciting Dealer will (i) furnish a written copy of its AML Program to the Dealer Manager for review, and (ii) furnish a copy of the findings and any remedial actions taken in connection with its most recent independent testing of its AML Program.

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