Partial Limitation of Party Autonomy Sample Clauses

Partial Limitation of Party Autonomy. The second legislative technique for protection of weaker parties provides for the more flexible instrument. Party autonomy is not excluded, but instead gives parties option to express their mutual will by imposing the forums which may be designated. Three possible sub-approaches are outlined below. The first sub-approach pays attention to the free choice which is limited by a separate application of the additional protective norms.271 The protection is provided by a general rule and simultaneously by introducing a new rule favouring the weaker party. As regards to the choice of forum, such an approach may be found in the Brussels Ibis Regulation in respect of consumer contracts, employment contracts, or insurance contracts. The Brussels Ibis Regulation allows for the parties to bring the proceedings to other Member State courts in the general provisions.272 The second sub-approach of primary limitation of party autonomy operates by substantive limiting the scope of the eligible forum.273 The aim is the protection of certain individuals against the obtrusion of the alternative forum - the parties may designate courts provided by the legal instruments. Such a technique finds application mainly in family and succession law. For example, in maintenance matters, party autonomy in respect to a jurisdiction agreement is allowed only when the agreement contains a choice of forum in favour of Member State 269 On the lack of the rule on the choice-of-court agreement in respect of divorce in the Brussels IIa Regulation see infra Chapter Three, Subchapter I, Section 2.6. 270 The choice-of-court agreements are usually permitted only for the property rights. See for example, article 85 of the Czech Act on Private International Law, which provides: «The jurisdiction of a foreign court may be agreed by the parties in writing with regard to matters of the law of obligations and other property rights.». On the official translation see: xxxx://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.xx/index.php/home/zakony-a- stanoviska/preklady/english. 271 Emphasis added. X. XXXXXXXXX, Party Autonomy in European Private International Law: Uniform Principle or Context-Dependent Instrument?, op. cit., p. 484, the author indicates examples on the basis of Article 6 para 2, Article 8 para 1, and Article 9 of the Rome I Regulation only in respect to conflict-of-laws rules. 272 For examples Article 15, 19 or 23 of the Brussels Ibis Regulation 273 Emphasis added. X. XXXXXXXXx, Party Autonomy in European Privat...
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Related to Partial Limitation of Party Autonomy

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