CHAPTER THREE. Methodology
CHAPTER THREE. Appreciating Religion as a Health Asset: The Turn to Religion in an HIV-Infected World
CHAPTER THREE. Did Aurangzeb ban music?
CHAPTER THREE. Methodology DESIGN To examine the relationship between transnationalism, cosmopolitanism, and national identity, I conducted a mixed method, longitudinal study utilizing surveys and in-depth interviews. The quantitative and qualitative components of the study serve different purposes. Because there is little information on transnationalism and cosmopolitanism in terms of whether individuals apply these constructs to themselves, and what it means to describe oneself as transnational or cosmopolitan, Chapters 4 and 5 are both descriptive and exploratory. In these chapters, I use quantitative data to determine characteristics that are associated with transnational and cosmopolitan identity change (measures described below). Then, I use the qualitative data to explore what transnationalism and cosmopolitanism mean to participants, and why individuals who identify as such do so. After describing what kinds of participants identify with transnationalism and cosmopolitanism, and what these constructs mean, in Chapter 6 I turn to the effects of transnationalism and cosmopolitanism on national identity. The quantitative data allow me to determine how transnationalism and cosmopolitanism affect the intensity of an individual’s national identity, and how these effects change over time. In this chapter, I use the qualitative data to explain why transnationalism and cosmopolitanism affect national identity in this way. To achieve these purposes, I collected data at three time points. Figure 1 illustrates the research design. The first data collection point consists of a surveys approximately one month before participants left their host countries (Time 1), followed by surveys and interviews at approximately one month (Time 2) and six months (Time 3) after they repatriated.10 [Figure 1 about here]
CHAPTER THREE. Methods Questionnaire formulation Pre-testing the questionnaire Study Areas
CHAPTER THREE. Research Methodology
1. What constitutes the content of the psychological contract as perceived by faculty members?
2. What is the nature of the psychological contract from the faculty’s perspective?
3. To what extent is the psychological contract of PT faculty different from their FT counterparts? In this chapter, I outline the design of my study in terms of research approach, methods used to collect data, procedure, and participants. The chapter also discusses the ontological nature of the PC and my philosophical stance as a researcher, as well as providing an account of the ethical considerations involved in interviewing participants.
CHAPTER THREE. The Law in Morocco Overview
CHAPTER THREE. The Legislative Council
CHAPTER THREE. The purpose of this chapter is to delineate the shared and dissimilar characteristics of riot grrrl and the third wave of feminism. While riot grrrl is a subcultural movement that features a strong musical component, much of the philosophical construction of and participation in riot grrrl is through zines. These zines provide a more holistic view of the movement than the analysis of either riot grrrl lyrics or popular interviews with prominent riot grrrl musicians. In keeping with the central ideologies of riot grrrl, the analysis of zines respects the idea that riot grrrl is a movement without leaders or a central hierarchy, and that while the theoretical and philosophical production of riot grrrl musicians is an essential aspect of the movement, that it should not be considered more important or a better representation of riot grrrl than the zines and their authors. As discussed in the first chapter, zines as a literary and visual form are the product of numerous cultural movements. Zines that are produced within a specific cultural context reflect the characteristics of zines in general and those that are singular to the movement with which they are associated. The zines produced by riot grrrl authors include several characteristics that may be foreign to some readers; this introduction is intended to familiarize the reader with these techniques before engaging with the zines in a critical manner. Because zines are independently produced they do not conform to many of the standards used by the publishing industry. In a description of punk zines of the 1970s, theorist Xxxx Xxxxxxx describes characteristics that are also present in riot grrrl zines, namely the proliferation of “swear words,” as well as “typing errors and grammatical mistakes, misspellings and jumbled pagination.”178 In addition, riot grrrl zine authors frequently employ the second wave feminist practice of spelling “girl(s),” “woman,” “women,” and “female” in non-traditional ways. According to Xxxxxxx Xxxx, Xxxx Xxxx (the drummer of Bikini Kill) was the first to employ the spelling “grrrl” in reference to the zines being published prior to the emergence of the riot grrrl movement.179 Vail’s spelling was both “parodying the way some ‘70s-era feminists spelled ‘womyn’ and conveying a playful energy.”180 While Vail’s initial spelling was a caricature of second wave techniques, many zine authors use alternative spellings for both “girl” and “woman.” These spellings include grrrl, grrl, gurl,...
