Principle Stratification Sample Clauses

Principle Stratification. There are many examples in public health, as well as in other fields, of outcome measures that are referred to as missing, but would be more accurately described as truncated. For example, a clinical trial where the outcome measure can only be assessed on those patients who survive to a given endpoint, or an economic study where salary can only be assessed for those who are employed [Zhang et al., 2006], or an education intervention study, where the effect of the intervention on test scores can only be assessed for those who remain in school [Zhang and Xxxxx, 2003]. All of these examples require a specific type of analysis that accurately takes the truncation of the outcome measure into account.
Sample 1
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Principle Stratification. To conduct the principle stratification analysis described in section 1.4, we would ideally be able to fill out a table such as Table 4.2. Prob. of Principle Stratum Membership Principle Stratum Si(t) Si(c) Yi(t) Yi(c) πLL πLD πDL πDD LL LD DL DD 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 ∈ R ∈* R * ∈* R ∈* R Where Si(Z) is observed mortality status under treatment or control, Yi(Z) is observed outcome (DRS) under treatment and control (which is sometimes a valid DRS score on the real number line and sometimes truncated by death, indicated by *), and LL, LD, DL, and DD refer to the principle strata - those who would live under both treatments, those who would live under control but die under treatment, those who would die under control but live under treatment, and those who would die regardless of treatment, respectively. Instead, what we observe is Table 4.3. Table 4.3: Principle Strata - Observed Observed Group % of population Principle Stratum Zi Si(Z) Y i(Z) (SD) OBS(tL) 55% LL or LD 1 1 1.9 (2.8) OBS (tD) 20% DD or DL 1 0 * OBS (cL) 15% LL or DL 0 1 2.8 (5.3) OBS (cD) 10% DD or LD 0 0 * The principle stratification approach is an attempt to tease out what proportion of the 70% of the sample that consists of a mixture of LL, DL, and LD patients are actually LL, and estimate a treatment effect within this principle strata.
Sample 1

Related to Principle Stratification

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