Surface energy balance Sample Clauses

Surface energy balance. The urban heat island is the result of the energy balance of the city-atmosphere system (Xxxxxxx et al., 2008). The energy interchanged between the surface and the atmosphere is quantified following Oke (1987), as Q* + QF = QLE + QH + Qs + QA The flux densities of net all-wave radiation (Q*) is given in the model by the sum of the net long-wave and short-wave radiation at the surface, the sensible heat (QH) and the latent heat (QLE) fluxes. The anthropogenic flux (QF) is a constant (40 Wm-2) extracted from the LUCY model (Xxxxx et al., 2010). It is assumed that the below roof advection divergence ( QA) is negligible (Oke, 1987). The storage heat flux ( Qs) is significant in urban areas given the materials and morphology of the urban surface (Xxxxxxxx and Oke, 1999) but consideration must be given to the vicinity of the sea and the complexity of the topography. In the urban models one of the options to obtain the Qs is through residual of the energy balance equation (Xxxxxxxx et al., 2009). The criterion yields positive values when the surface is communicating heat to the atmosphere. The analysis of the surface energy balance is performed during the 5th of July 2009. By comparing the suburban (coastal and hinterland) and urban results, it is possible to assess the impact of urbanization upon the energy balance (Figure 9). The maximum net-radiation heat flux (Q*) occurs at 15 UTC, and it is offset by a loss at the three sites during the night. During the daytime, the net radiation input is larger in the suburban coastal site (maximum of 876 Wm-2) than in the urban site (725 Wm-2 as maximum). This fact is explained based on the water properties: the sea reflects more radiation to 900 700 500 300 100 -100 0 3 6 9 15 18 21 24 qt shf lhf R 900 700 500 300 100 -100 0 3 6 9 15 18 21 24 qt shf lhf R the atmosphere than the vegetated or non-vegetated soils and the heat capacity takes more energy input comparing with most other natural materials (Oke, 1987). At the sub-urban hinterland the lowest value (600 Wm-2) of the net radiation appears comparable with the other sites. It could be explained due to its emplacement: between the two mountains in the narrowest area of the valley and due to the lesser sensible heat fluxes. 900 700 500 300 100 -100 0 3 6 9 15 18 21 24 Qt shf lhf R The sensible heat (QH) result from the temperature difference between the atmosphere and the ground. It is expected that the more non-vegetated soils the more convective heat emissions gener...
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  • Transportation Allowance When an employee is required to travel to the Hospital or to return to her home as a result of reporting to or off work between the hours of hours, (other than reporting to or off work for her regular shift) or at any time while on standby, the Hospital will pay transportation costs either by taxi or by her own vehicle at the rate of thirty-five cents ($0.35) per mile (to a maximum of fourteen dollars ($14.00)) or such greater amount as the Hospital may in its discretion determine for each trip between the aforementioned hours. The employee will provide to the Hospital satisfactory proof of payment of such taxi fare.

  • Living Away From Home Allowance When Employees are to be engaged on a Project requiring them to live away from home, the provisions of Appendix I will apply in determining their entitlement and the conditions whilst they are living away from home.

  • Cash Balances Uninvested cash balances in my Account will be automatically swept into the Xxxxxx Xxxxx Money Market Fund according to my previous elections and authorizations relating to the treatment of cash balances. I understand and agree that the Xxxxxx Xxxxx Money Market Fund is offered by an Xxxxxx Xxxxx affiliate and, as a result, Xxxxxx Xxxxx has a financial incentive to select the Xxxxxx Xxxxx Money Market Fund as the available cash option, instead of a third-party cash product.

  • Cash Balance Within two (2) Business Days after the end of each Fiscal Month, Borrower will deliver a certificate reporting to Agent the Cash Balance as of the last day of the Fiscal Month just ended, which certificate shall be executed and certified by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower as true and correct; (d)

  • Transportation Costs The cost of transporting a Warranted Part claimed to be defective to the facilities designated by the Seller and for the return therefrom of a repaired or replaced Warranted Part shall be borne by the Buyer.

  • Mileage Allowance The state agrees to seek continued funding to provide for the payment of a mileage allowance for the use of privately owned vehicles for official travel at the rate provided in section 112.061(7)(d)1., F.S.

  • Payments, Computations, Etc (a) Unless otherwise expressly provided herein, all amounts to be paid or deposited by the Borrower hereunder shall be paid or deposited in accordance with the terms hereof no later than 3:00 p.m. on the day when due in lawful money of the United States in immediately available funds and any amount not received before such time shall be deemed received on the next Business Day. The Borrower shall, to the extent permitted by law, pay to the Secured Parties interest on all amounts not paid or deposited when due hereunder at 2.00% per annum above the Prime Rate, payable on demand; provided that such interest rate shall not at any time exceed the maximum rate permitted by Applicable Law. Such interest shall be for the account of the applicable Secured Party. All computations of interest and other fees hereunder shall be made on the basis of a year consisting of 360 days (other than calculations with respect to the Base Rate, which shall be based on a year consisting of 365 or 366 days, as applicable) for the actual number of days elapsed. (b) Whenever any payment hereunder shall be stated to be due on a day other than a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day, and such extension of time shall in such case be included in the computation of the payment of Interest or any fee payable hereunder, as the case may be. For avoidance of doubt, to the extent that Available Funds are insufficient on any Payment Date to satisfy the full amount of any Increased Costs pursuant to Section 2.12, such unpaid amounts shall remain due and owing and shall accrue interest as provided in Section 2.10(a) until repaid in full. (c) If any Advance requested by the Borrower is not effectuated as a result of the failure to fulfill any condition under Section 3.2 (other than any condition that is waived by the Administrative Agent), as the case may be, on the date specified therefor, whichever of the Collateral Manager or the Borrower is at fault, such Person shall indemnify the applicable Lender against any reasonable loss, cost or expense incurred by the applicable Lender, including, without limitation, any loss, cost or expense incurred by reason of the liquidation or reemployment of deposits or other funds acquired by the applicable Lender to fund or maintain such Advance upon receipt by the Borrower of documentation setting forth such costs.

  • Isolation Allowance ‌ Employees in the following Communities shall receive an Isolation Allowance of $74.00 per month. Alert Bay Xxxxx Lake Chetwynd Xxxxxx Creek Xxxxx Lake Fort Xxxxxx Fort St. Xxxxx Fort St. Xxxx Xxxxxx Lake Gold River Hazelton Houston Hudson Hope Kitimat XxXxxxx Xxxxxxxxx Nakusp New Denver Port Xxxxx Port Hardy Port XxXxxxx Pouce Coupe Prince Xxxxxx Xxxxx Charlotte Islands Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx Tahsis Terrace Tofino Tumbler Ridge Valemount Vanderhoof Waglisla

  • Cost Containment The Benefit Fund Trustees are directed to explore all reasonable methods of cost containment to minimize the Employer contribution obligations under the contract. In the event Medicare becomes secondary in the application of the retiree benefit plan, the Trustees will take immediate and remedial action to protect the financial integrity of the Plan.

  • Terminal Pay Any employee at normal retirement or his/her beneficiary if service is terminated by death, shall be provided terminal pay. Such terminal pay shall not exceed an amount determined as follows: 1. During the first three (3) years of service: a. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay on July 1, 1994, multiplied by 35 percent multiplied by the number of unused sick leave days held on July 1, 1994. b. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay at the time sick leave is earned times 35 percent times the number of days of accumulated sick leave earned after July 1, 1994. 2. During the fourth (4th) through sixth (6th) years of service: a. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay on July 1, 1994, multiplied by 40 percent multiplied by the number of unused sick leave days held on July 1, 1994. b. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay at the time sick leave is earned times 40 percent times the number of days of accumulated sick leave earned after July 1, 1994. 3. During the seventh (7th) through ninth (9th) years of service: a. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay on July 1, 1994, multiplied by 45 percent multiplied by the number of unused sick leave days held on July 1, 1994. b. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay at the time sick leave is earned times 45 percent times the number of days of accumulated sick leave earned after July 1, 1994. 4. During the tenth (10th) through the twelfth (12th) year of service: a. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay on July 1, 1994, multiplied by 50 percent multiplied by the number of unused sick leave days held on July 1, 1994. b. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay at the time sick leave is earned times 50 percent times the number of days of accumulated sick leave earned after July 1, 1994. 5. During and after the thirteenth (13th) year of service: a. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay on July 1, 1994, multiplied by the number of unused sick leave days held on July 1, 1994. b. The affected employee’s daily rate of pay at the time sick leave is earned* multiplied by the number of days of accumulated sick leave earned. 6. No employee who meets the eligibility requirements listed above may receive any compensation for sick leave payments unless they sign and execute the Payment of Sick Leave Upon Retirement Agreement provided by the Superintendent. This Agreement requires the retiring Board employee to seek, accept, and cash the first retirement benefit check issued by the Florida Retirement System. The employee must qualify for “normal retirement” which under this policy shall mean retirement under plan A, B, C, D, E under the Florida Retirement System or any other plan established by the Legislature with either full or reduced benefits as provided by law. Normal retirement shall not be interpreted to include disability retirement. *Note: “At the time sick leave is earned” shall be interpreted to mean the value of sick leave at the end of each school year or at the time the affected employee retires, whichever comes first.

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