Technological Aspects Sample Clauses

Technological Aspects. The technological aspects will be evaluated taking into consideration different metrics, depending on the final objective whether it is technical, environmental, economic, or social. To state more concretely, the evaluation will be based on the KPIs defined in D6.1 [6]. Table 2.3, Table 2.4, Table 2.5, and Table 2.6. Table 2.3 – List of technical KPIs to evaluate the commercial and domestic UPACs demonstrator KPI Description On-site energy ratio Relation between the annual energy supply from local renewable sources and the annual energy demand Reduced energy curtailment of RES/DES The difference between the energy curtailments before and after the integration of a/all the SMILE solutions Voltage variations Difference between the actual voltage supplied to MV/LV users and the nominal value Grid congestion Grid sustainability to peaks Battery degradation rate The rate at which the battery performance is reducing over a year/cycle. Storage energy losses Losses because of energy storage solutions Degree of self-supply Measures the percentage of PV generation which is used for self- supply, and not sold to the grid

Technological Aspects. Xxxxxxx et al. (2008; 2010) pointed out the importance of (horizontal5) technology transfer6 between developed and developing countries (with the case of low-carbon technology). The main aim of low-carbon technology transfer is to cut down the ‘peak’ of the Environmental Xxxxxxx Curve7 since one does not need to wait for achieving a higher GDP level in order to achieve lower emissions. However, ‘the different stages of development of low carbon technologies, from research and development (R&D) through to commercial diffusion, introduce new and unique barriers, opportunities and policy challenges which are not yet properly understood’ (Xxxxxxx et al., 2008, 2012, p. 729). Technology (as an EIS) transfer cannot be an evident solution of learning (with economic or other benefits). Technology can be transferred in case of similar ‘environmental culture’. In our case, it means that – for instance – a Dutch solution of disposal of residual waste with a major incineration (and the incinerator technology transfer) towards Hungary is not unambiguous, as in the Hungarian ‘environmental culture’ incineration is not a preferred technology. RDF/SRF8 section separation for burning (especially in cement factories) is common, but incinerating residual household waste is facing major opposition, both from the household and from the environmental expert sector. Xxxxxxx et al. (2008) draw our attention to another insight – levels of integration9 in the transfer process - relating to technology transfer, that might be interesting in our case as well. They say, that “less integrated technology transfer arrangements [...] are more likely to involve knowledge exchange and diffusion through recipient country economies. The lower the level of integration, therefore, the greater the chance that technology transfer will contribute to developing technological capacity within recipient countries. In the long term, knowledge related to more integrated technology transfer activities may eventually diffuse through recipient country firms, but this may not be commensurate with the urgency of the need to encourage the uptake of low carbon technologies10 in developing countries” (Ockwell et al., 2008, p. 4113). 5 The transfer from one geographical location to another 6 ’…a process by which expertise or knowledge related to some aspect of technology is passed from one user to another…’ (Xxxxxxx et al. 1990, p.3) 7 ’The main idea behind the EKC is that the relationship between income and poll...