Methods of Collecting Data Sample Clauses

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Methods of Collecting Data. Xxxxxx and Xxxxxx (2005) reviewed 56 empirical studies to evaluate how the PC is researched at work. They found that 70% of the studies used cross-sectional questionnaire surveys, 20% used longitudinal questionnaire surveys, and 10% only used qualitative data collected from interviews. Most of the studies consist of large samples, exceeding 200 employees, and are based on self-report questionnaires. Typically, the studies aim to measure the relationship between the PC and other variables, such as work outcomes, using multiple regression and correlation. The content of the PC is usually measured based on a list of items describing possible promises exchanged between the employee and the organisation, and the participants would rate each item on a scale to express the degree to which the employer made that promise. Using this method to collect data allows the researcher to cover a wide range of components comprising the contract that the employee might miss or forget. However, the list of items may not include aspects of the relationship that are important to the employee and could seem arbitrary. Giving an aggregate score for items based on the average ratings gathered from the sample oversimplifies how important each item is to employees (not all components are equally important) and how employees evaluate the PC as human beings. Individuals evaluate the content and satisfaction of the PC in much more complicated ways than using simple arithmetical calculations and do not always operate logically. It is also noted that such studies treat contract fulfilment and breach as dichotomous, or opposites of the same scale. Not many studies represent contract fulfilment and contract breach as two separate variables, allowing employees to represent a state of being satisfied, despite breach. Moreover, self-report questionnaires are problematic in several ways (Bryman, 2012). The participant might not understand some of the questionnaire items and cannot ask for clarification. Most questionnaires rely on multiple-choice-questions or Likert-type scales, which are easier to distort in comparison to open-ended questions. Participants might not take the questionnaire seriously and provide random answers to get it out of the way. They are also subject to acquiescence (saying yes/agreeing to all questions) and/or fixation on a particular end of a Likert-type scale (e.g. choosing ‘3’ for all items). At the same time, most people do not like to write long responses when aske...

Related to Methods of Collecting Data

  • Costs of Collection In any dispute involving monies owed to Company, the Company shall be entitled to all costs of collection, including reasonable attorney’s fees and interest at 15% per annum or the highest rate allowed by law, whichever is less, unless a lower amount is agreed to by Company.

  • METHODS OF CALCULATION 1. Bi-Weekly 158. An employee whose compensation is fixed on a bi-weekly basis shall be paid the bi-weekly salary for his/her position for work performed during the bi-weekly pay period. There shall be no compensation for time not worked unless such time off is authorized time off with pay.

  • Hours of Collection Collection of Solid Waste, Recyclable Materials, and Compostable Materials, may occur only within hours authorized by the City. The Municipal Code currently prohibits collection of Solid Waste, Recyclable Materials or Compostable Materials (1) earlier than 6:00 a.m. or later than 6:00 p.m. in residential districts and at schools, churches and commercial premises adjacent to residential districts, and (2) earlier than 4:00 a.m. or later than 9:00 p.m. in commercial districts subject to reasonable modification made by the Director.

  • Sample Collection The collection and testing of the samples shall be performed only by a laboratory and by a physician or health care professional qualified and authorized to administer and determine the meaning of any test results. The laboratory performing the test shall be one that is certified by the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA). The laboratory chosen must be agreed to between the Union and the Employer. The laboratory used shall also be one whose procedures are periodically tested by the NIDA where they analyze unknown samples sent to an independent party. The results of employee’s tests shall be made available to the Medical Review Officer. Collection of urine samples shall be conducted in a manner, which provides the highest degree of security for the sample and freedom from adulteration. Recognized strict chain of custody procedures must be followed for all samples as set by NIDA. The Union and the Employer agree that security of the biological urine samples is absolutely necessary therefore the Employer agrees that if the security of the sample is compromised in anyway, any positive test shall be invalid and may not be used for any purpose. Urine samples will be submitted as per NIDA Standards. Employees have the right for Union or legal counsel representative to be present during the submission of the sample. A split sample shall be reserved in all cases for an independent analysis in the event of a positive test result. All samples must be stored in a scientific acceptable preserved manner as established by NIDA. All positive confirmed samples and related paperwork must be retained by the laboratory for at least six (6) months or for the duration of any grievance, disciplinary action or legal proceedings whichever is longer. At the conclusion of this period, the paperwork and specimen shall be destroyed. Tests shall be conducted in a manner to ensure that an employee’s legal drug use and diet does not affect the test results.

  • Data Collection Some downloaded software included in the Materials may generate and collect information about the software and usage and transmit it to Intel to help improve Intel’s products and services. This collected information may include product name, product version, time of event collection, license type, support type, installation status, hardware and software performance, and use. 9.

  • Other Methods of Procurement of Goods and Works The following table specifies the methods of procurement, other than International Competitive Bidding, which may be used for goods and works. The Procurement Plan shall specify the circumstances under which such methods may be used: Procurement Method

  • COPIES OF COLLECTIVE AGREEMENT 31.01 Following the signing of the Collective Agreement, each Employee affected shall be provided with a copy by the Employer within seven (7) days of receipt of the copies by the Employer. The Collective Agreement shall be printed in booklet form by the United Nurses of Alberta. The costs of printing shall be shared equally between the parties.

  • Collections All collections of monies or other property in respect, or which are to become part, of the Property (but not the safekeeping thereof upon receipt by PFPC Trust) shall be at the sole risk of the Fund. If payment is not received by PFPC Trust within a reasonable time after proper demands have been made, PFPC Trust shall notify the Fund in writing, including copies of all demand letters, any written responses and memoranda of all oral responses and shall await instructions from the Fund. PFPC Trust shall not be obliged to take legal action for collection unless and until reasonably indemnified to its satisfaction. PFPC Trust shall also notify the Fund as soon as reasonably practicable whenever income due on securities is not collected in due course and shall provide the Fund with periodic status reports of such income collected after a reasonable time.

  • Other Methods of Procurement of Goods The following table specifies the methods of procurement, other than International Competitive Bidding, which may be used for goods. The Procurement Plan shall specify the circumstances under which such methods may be used: Procurement Method

  • Basis of compilation This statement of eligible expenditure has been prepared to meet the requirements of the grant agreement between [enter Grantee name] and the Commonwealth represented by the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources. Significant accounting policies applied in the compilation of the statement of grant income and expenditure include the following: [enter details] Certification by directors [if not director, replace with appropriate equivalent] [Grantee name] [Project number] For the period [dd/ mm/yyyy] to [dd/ mm/yyyy] We confirm that, to the best of our knowledge and believe, having made such enquiries as we considered necessary for the purpose of appropriately informing ourselves: Statement of grant income and expenditure We have fulfilled our responsibilities for the preparation of the statement of grant income and expenditure in accordance with the cash basis of accounting and the terms of the grant agreement with the Commonwealth, represented by the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources dated [enter date]; in particular, the statement of grant income and expenditure presents fairly in accordance therewith. All events subsequent to the date of the statement of grant income and expenditure which require adjustment or disclosure so as to present fairly the statement of grant income and expenditure, have been adjusted or disclosed. [Where applicable] The effects of uncorrected misstatements are immaterial, both individually and in the aggregate, to the statement of grant income and expenditure as a whole. A list of the uncorrected misstatements is attached to this representation letter. That all Grantee contributions and other financial assistance were spent for the purpose of the project and in accordance with the grant agreement and that the Grantee has complied with the grant agreement and relevant accounting policies. That salaries and allowances paid to persons involved in the project are in accordance with any applicable award or agreement in force under any relevant law on industrial or workplace relations. Signature Name [enter name] Director Date [dd/mm/yyyy] Signature Name [enter name] Director Date [dd/mm/yyyy] For Auditor use only I certify that this statement of grant income and expenditure is the one used to prepare my independent audit report dated [enter date] for the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources. Signature Name [enter name] Position [enter position] Auditor’s employer [enter employer name] Date [dd/mm/yyyy] Attachment B - Independent audit report Background for auditors The purpose of the independent audit report is to provide us with an auditor's opinion on the Grantee’s statement of grant income and expenditure. The statement of grant income and expenditure is prepared by the Grantee to correspond with the expenditure reported to the department by the Grantee for the same period, in the process of claiming grant payments. The independent audit report must be prepared by a person who is an approved auditor. An approved auditor is a person who is: registered as a company auditor under the Corporations Xxx 0000 or an appropriately qualified member of Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand, or of CPA Australia or the Institute of Public Accountants; and not a principal, member, shareholder, officer, agent, subcontractor or employee of the Grantee or of a related body corporate or a Connected Entity. The audit should be undertaken and reported in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. The independent audit report must follow the required format and include any qualification regarding the matters on which the auditor provides an opinion. We may follow up any qualifications with the Grantee or auditor. The independent audit report must be submitted on the auditor's letterhead. Auditors must comply with the professional requirements of Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand, CPA Australia and the Institute of Public Accountants in the conduct of their audit. If the auditor forms an opinion that the statement of grant income and expenditure does not give a true and fair view of the eligible expenditure for the period, the independent audit report should be qualified and the error quantified in the qualification section of the independent audit report. The required independent audit report format follows. Auditor’s report Independent audit report in relation to [Grantee name]’s statement of grant income and expenditure to the Commonwealth, represented by the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources (the department). We have audited: the accompanying statement of grant income and expenditure of [Grantee name] for the period [dd/mm/yyyy] to [dd/mm/yyyy], a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information, and management’s attestation statement thereon (together “the financial statement”). The financial statement has been prepared by management using the cash basis of accounting described in note 3.2 to the financial statement; and [Grantee name]'s compliance with the terms of the grant agreement between [Grantee name] and the Commonwealth dated [date of agreement] for the period [dd/mm/yyyy] to [dd/mm/yyyy] (the grant agreement). We have: reviewed [Grantee name]’s statement of labour costs in support of its claim of eligible expenditure[; and performed limited assurance procedures on [Grantee name]’s statement of employee numbers under the grant agreement]. Management’s responsibility Management is responsible for: the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statement in accordance with the basis of accounting described in note 3.2, this includes determining that the cash basis of accounting is an acceptable basis for the preparation of the financial statement in accordance with the grant agreement; compliance with the terms of the grant agreement; the preparation of the statement of employee numbers and labour costs in support of eligible expenditure; and such internal control as management determines is necessary to: enable the preparation of the financial statement and the statement of [employee numbers and ]labour costs that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; and enable compliance with the terms of the grant agreement. Auditor’s responsibility Our responsibilities are: To express an opinion, based on our audit, on: the financial statement; and [Grantee name]’s compliance, in all material respects, with the terms of the grant agreement; and To conclude based on: our review procedures, on the statement of labour costs; and our limited assurance procedures on the statement of employee numbers. We conducted our audit of the financial statement in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards; our audit of compliance with the grant agreement in accordance with ASAE 3100, our review of the statement of labour costs in accordance with ASRE 2405[; and our limited assurance procedures on employee numbers in accordance with ASAE 3000]. The applicable Standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements and plan and perform our work to: obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free from material misstatement and that [Grantee name] has complied, in all material respects, with the terms of the grant agreement; and obtain limited assurance as to whether anything has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the statements of employee numbers and labour costs are materially misstated. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement and about the Grantee’s compliance with the grant agreement. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statement, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Grantee’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statement, and to the Grantee’s compliance with the grant agreement, in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Grantee’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statement.

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