Chapter Two. The End: Atrocity in a State of Exception, a State of Denial
Chapter Two. Taxation Environment
2.1. Except as provided elsewhere in this Agreement, the Investor shall only be subject to the Taxes listed in Article 7 of the General Taxation Law as in force on the date of this Agreement. The Parties agree that, in accordance with Article 29.1.1 of the Minerals Law, the following Taxes are Stabilized (the "Stabilized Taxes"):
2.1.1. Income tax of business entities (corporate income tax);
2.1.2. Customs duty;
2.1.3. Value-added tax;
2.1.4. Excise tax (except as provided for in Clause 2.23);
2.1.5. Payment for use of mineral resources (royalty) (as specified in Clause 3.13);
2.1.6. Payment for mineral exploration and mining licenses;
2.1.7. Immovable property tax and/or Real Estate Tax; and
2.1.8. Tax on price increase of some products, which as from 1 January 2011 shall be invalidated by the WPT Invalidating Law. Taxes listed in Article 7 of the General Taxation Law (as in force on the date of this Agreement) not listed above will be payable in accordance with the laws and regulations effective in that tax year of Mongolia (the "Non-Stabilized Taxes").
2.2. Tax to be withheld as a result of the Corporate Income Tax Law shall be calculated at the rates specified in the respective clauses of the Corporate Income Tax Law (as in force on the date of this Agreement), which includes in accordance with any applicable double tax treaties as applied by Article 2.2 of the General Taxation Law, and which rates shall be Stabilized.
2.3. Non-Stabilized Taxes to which the Investor is subject shall apply to the Investor on a non-discriminatory basis. Taxes to which the Investor’s Affiliates, Contractors or Subcontractors, or their respective employees, are subject, shall apply to that taxpayer on a non-discriminatory basis. A Tax, or the levying of a particular Tax, will be considered as discriminatory if that taxpayer is subjected to taxation (including rate), or taxation requirement, that is more burdensome than the taxation and/or requirements to which other enterprises, companies, taxpayers or employees may be subjected to, or which differentiates that taxpayer's Tax burden from that of other taxpayers by reason of the unique size, or number, of such entity's operations.
2.4. The Investor shall not be subject to or liable to pay the following Taxes after the date of this Agreement:
2.4.1. Taxes that are not listed in Article 7 of the General Taxation Law at the date of this Agreement;
2.4.2. Taxes arising from an amendment or additi...
Chapter Two. Buddhist Theoretical Frames
Chapter Two. The IRI Ideologies and Modernity in Contemporary Iran 1. The Ideologies behind Political Reform 59
Chapter Two. The Ideologies and Modernity in Contemporary Iran
Chapter Two. The Power of Judgment
Chapter Two. Since its emergence as a theoretical field in the early 1990’s, third wave feminism has been the source of heated debate. Much of the anxiety surrounding the third wave comes from an attempt to define it as a theory, a philosophy, and a social movement. Proponents and authors of the third wave frequently posit it as a response to and critique of the second wave of feminism. Critics, on the other hand, frequently question the understanding of the third wave as an autonomous movement, one separate from the second wave, instead arguing that it is more appropriately defined as a continuation of the second wave. Much of this confusion is the result of a perceived lack of cohesion within the third wave that would allow for a simple definition. While other social movements are perceived as autonomous, cohesive, and centered around a philosophical or theoretical goal, the third wave seems to lack a central aim. In addition, participants in the third wave have not attempted to provide a singular definition, which adds to the confusion and ambiguity that often permeates the debate. Whereas the second wave of feminism was differentiated from the first by a temporal gap of at least 40 years, the third wave emerged when many second wave feminists were still writing, theorizing, and working. In order to utilize the concepts developed by the third wave for the purpose of analysis, it is necessary to analyze the work of third wave authors and activists, as well as the work of those who have sought to understand the third wave, in order to define the movement. In response to the exclusivity associated with the second wave, a variety of feminisms emerged to address experiences beyond those of middle-class white women and make feminism “more compatible with their unique perspectives.”93 These groups include “black feminists, Asian American feminists, Third World feminists, lesbian feminists, male feminists, ecofeminists, Christian feminists, Jewish feminists, Islamic feminists, and others.”94 The Black feminist movement is particularly important in the development of third wave theory. Work published by black feminists in the 1980s offered critiques of the second wave that illuminated the essentialist views of earlier theorists. Of particular note are the works of Xxxxxx Xxxxx (Women, Race and Class, 1981), the Combahee River Collective (A Black Feminist Statement, 1986), Xxxxx Xxxxx (Sister Outsider, 1984), and xxxx xxxxx (Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center, 1984). Thes...
Chapter Two. Chronic Tension in a Diachronic Pandemic: Religious Morality in an HIV-Infected World
Chapter Two. Literature Review 20
Chapter Two. LITERATURE REVIEW 19
