Disease transmission carriers Avian influenza: pinkfeet have very low prevalence of pathogens; however, increasing prevalence during late autumn and winter suggested that pinkfeet are in contact with dabbling ducks which have a higher prevalence (Xxxx et al. 2011). There have been no reports of die-offs of pinkfeet which could be related to diseases. Campylobacter bacteria: A localised outbreak in a local human community in mid Norway was suggested to be caused by pinkfeet using a drink water reservoir as a roost site, with consequent transmission of Campylobacter to the human population. Even though the causal relationship was not demonstrated the local authorities took the initiative to scare away the geese from the site as a precautionary measure.
Disease transmission. Disease transmission is the transfer of micro-organisms from an infected person directly or indirectly to another individual. Infectious disease transmission is traditionally categorised into three principal modes: airborne transmission, direct and indirect contact transmission, and droplet transmission (note, droplet transmission is traditionally and technically considered a form of direct contact transmission). The transmission modes and disease characteristics (such as infectivity period and transmission range by pathogen (for PANDHUB pathogens and others)) underpin the guidance. See annex 1.
