Expected Impacts and Benefits Sample Clauses

Expected Impacts and Benefits. Battery electric buses of all types have strong potential to support the early adoption of zero- emission technology, increase economies of scale to help bring down local operational costs, and reduce harmful exposure for some of the State’s most sensitive populations: children, elderly, disabled, and disadvantaged citizens who depend on public transportation in some manner for their living needs. By investing in transit and school bus electrification, Hawaii would be providing direct benefits to populations that may not most directly benefit from EV charging of individually owned light-duty EVs. Heavy-duty battery electric buses can provide both direct and indirect public health and social welfare benefits for transportation users and many surrounding communities47. Battery electric vehicles have zero tailpipe emissions; however the reduction in NOx emissions achieved by switching from diesel to EVs will vary based on the fuel mix of the electric power generation supplied to the grid. The analysis conducted for this Plan utilized the Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) NOx emissions factor for power generation in Hawaii (3.6 lbs NOx per MWh). NOx emissions reduction ranges for transit buses and school buses are estimated below using both tailpipe emissions and power generation emissions. It is important to note as the state moves to 100% renewable energy in the electric sector, NOx emissions from power generation will be further reduced.