Fluoride and tooth wear Sample Clauses

Fluoride and tooth wear. Fluoride is a chemical compound containing the element fluorine in combination with another element. Fluorine is the most reactive non-metallic chemical element and is represented by the symbol F in the periodic table, with atomic number 9 and atomic weight: 18.9984 g·mol−1. In its elemental state fluorine is a pale yellow-green, corrosive, toxic gas; however due to its reactivity, fluorine in the environment is most commonly found combined with other elements as a mineral, especially as fluorite, cryolite and phosphate rock (Curzon and Cutress, 1983). The dental profession has had an intimate relationship with the element fluorine since the early inception of dental research as a scientific discipline. This began in 1908, when the mine chemist X. X. XxXxx suggested, at a meeting of the El Paso Texas Dental Society, that the caries-resistance of mottled teeth may be related to an element in the drinking water. Subsequently, fluorine was observed to become incorporated as a trace element into the apatite of enamel and dentine, thus influencing its chemical, crystallographic and biologic characteristics (Curzon and Cutress, 1983) and over the intervening century. Fluoride has become ubiquitously utilised in dentistry for its caries-properties, both as systemically ingested and as topically applied delivery systems. Current scientific evidence regarding the optimal pharmacokinetics for effective anti-caries mechanism of fluorides considers the low concentrations of fluoride present in solution in the immediate oral environment as being more important than the incorporation of high levels (100 – 1000 ppm F) into the apatite of enamel and dentine during tooth formation (ten Cate and Xxxxxxxxx, 1983a; b). Accordingly, based upon this knowledge and the observation from section 1.1 above, that tooth wear is effectively a surface phenomena, this thesis will only explore the role of topical fluorides in the prevention and management of tooth wear. Therefore, no further consideration in this thesis will be given to the role of systemically applied fluorides.
Sample 1
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