Common use of Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals Clause in Contracts

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The broader goal of this Agreement is to reduce the gap in critical knowledge to help gas IOUs introduce hydrogen in the current California gas pipeline network, and therefore help California meet its decarbonization goals. To achieve this goal, multiple attainable objectives are set in place: • Design and execute a hydrogen blending testing program at material, component, and system levels, informed by and in support of selected Use Cases, and possible generalization • Create a repository of hydrogen blending data and technology assessment literature and similar information produced in this agreement. This will include information on the characteristics and technical assessment of the pipeline systems in the Use Cases • Develop models and computational capabilities to conduct Use Case system risk and performance assessments • Apply the system risk and performance assessments to Use Cases • Create a comprehensive integrity management approach and quantitative risk analysis, for selected Use Cases, and possible generalization • Perform techno-economic analyses of multiple decarbonization scenarios, selected Use Cases, and possible generalizations Ratepayer Benefits: This agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of lower costs, greater energy reliability, and increased safety. The tangible and immediate benefits include: First, it’s challenging to scale up California solar and wind farms without energy storage. National Renewable Energy Laboratory estimates the cost of renewable energy curtailment at $300/MWh2. California curtailed approximately 1.5 million MWh of utility scale solar in 2020. This curtailment 2 National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Operational Benefits of Meeting California’s Energy Storage Targets. May 2016. xxxxx://xxx.xxxx.xxx/docs/fy17osti/66517.pdf represents $450 million/year3 in energy lost. This project will address the distribution of hydrogen and therefore help increase current and future hydrogen production. Potential savings are much larger than the current $450 million/year curtailment costs. Second, hydrogen production near solar and wind farms will help decentralize the production of energy. The current California gas pipeline system is dependent on a few key pipelines, and a single point of failure can have catastrophic consequences. The decentralization of energy production will greatly improve the resiliency of the pipeline energy network infrastructure. The reduction in risk of pipelines through the project results will improve pipeline resiliency. This will improve deliverability of hydrogen blends. Third, the project could have some immediate benefits to at least one of the partners to this project (Industrial Use Case, a cement plant). Converting the gas pipeline network will take time but providing hydrogen to key customers can be achieved in a much shorter period of time. For example, according to xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx “California’s nine cement plants together produced about 10 million metric tons (mT) of cement and emitted 7.9 Mt of CO2 pollution in 2015”. Therefore, if by the end of this project even one plant converts to hydrogen usage, the benefits would be 0.9 million mT of CO2 which is equivalent to $44 million/year4. Fourth, the change to another energy source will stimulate growth in other market sectors (i.e., solar panels, windmills) and new jobs will be created, thus helping disadvantaged communities. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs: This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by bridging many critical knowledge gaps that stand as a barrier to achieving these goals. The knowledge gaps existing in relevant domains and their interfaces will be addressed in this project through a multi-disciplinary team conducting experimental tasks, model development derived from the experiments and available literature, and validation of the analyses through component and lab-scaled system- level testing.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The broader goal goals of this Agreement is are to: • Deploy an advanced, non-lithium-ion battery storage system rated at 125kW | 500 kWh to reduce validate improvement in power/energy density by >25% from prior product generations. • Commercialize a state-of-the-art, turn-key energy storage solution in California. • Demonstrate fire safety of the gap aqueous zinc battery technology for wildfire prone regions. • Characterize AC/DC system performance in critical knowledge a variety of utility use cases. • Develop and implement cloud-based data management and analytics to help gas IOUs introduce hydrogen provide end-to-end insights from manufacturing to performance in the current California gas pipeline networkfield. • Provide greater reliability, lower costs, and therefore help California meet its decarbonization improved safety for IOU ratepayers. • Support increased deployment of renewable energy in CA by alleviating the duck curve. • Enable technology advancement to overcome barriers to achieve the state’s statutory energy goals. To achieve this goal, multiple attainable objectives are set in place: • Design and execute a hydrogen blending testing program at materialincluding AB 32, componentAB 2514, and system levelsSB 350. • Provide new technical capabilities and skilled employment in a disadvantaged community. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in greater electricity reliability, informed by and in support of selected Use Caseslower costs, and possible generalization • Create increased safety for IOU ratepayers in California. Specifically, the project will provide greater electricity reliability by demonstrating the application and benefits of a repository most cost-effective and efficient energy storage solution to allow for significant load shifting and reduction of hydrogen blending data and technology assessment literature and similar information produced in this agreementgrid congestion. This will include information allow California to further deploy renewable energy to reach its renewable energy goals, including procuring 50% renewable energy by 2030 and 100% zero-carbon resources by 2045 (SB100). Flexible resources demonstrated in the proposed Project, which can switch state of charge near instantaneously, will help utilities meet these requirements and provide greater electricity reliability to ratepayers. This Agreement will also result in the ratepayer benefit of lower costs by demonstrating the most cost-effective battery technology on the characteristics and technical assessment market to allow California IOU’s to more cost-effectively meet their procurement goals under AB 2514, along with savings that are passed down to California ratepayers as there is less of the pipeline systems in the Use Cases • Develop models and computational capabilities to conduct Use Case system risk and performance assessments • Apply the system risk and performance assessments to Use Cases • Create a comprehensive integrity management approach and quantitative risk analysisneed for back-up power from natural gas, for selected Use Cases, and possible generalization • Perform techno-economic analyses of multiple decarbonization scenarios, selected Use Cases, and possible generalizations Ratepayer Benefits: new peaker plants and/or network upgrades. This agreement Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits benefit of lower costsincreased safety by promoting the development of an energy storage battery product that is non-toxic and nonflammable, greater helping to mitigate the increasing risks today from wildfires in the state, unlike many other energy reliabilitystorage solutions. It also offers reliability during natural disasters or other times of emergency, hence the committed interest from Xxxxx Air Force Base and increased safetythe Department of Defense. The tangible Eos ZnythTM uses inert materials and immediate benefits include: First, it’s challenging is designed to scale up California solar be suitable for use both in densely populated residential areas and wind farms without energy storage. National Renewable Energy Laboratory estimates the cost of renewable energy curtailment at $300/MWh2. California curtailed approximately 1.5 million MWh of utility scale solar in 2020. This curtailment 2 National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Operational Benefits of Meeting California’s Energy Storage Targets. May 2016. xxxxx://xxx.xxxx.xxx/docs/fy17osti/66517.pdf represents $450 million/year3 in energy lost. This project will address the distribution of hydrogen and therefore help increase current and future hydrogen production. Potential savings are much larger than the current $450 million/year curtailment costs. Second, hydrogen production near solar and wind farms will help decentralize the production of energy. The current California gas pipeline system is dependent on a few key pipelines, and a single point of failure can have catastrophic consequences. The decentralization of energy production will greatly improve the resiliency of the pipeline energy network infrastructure. The reduction in risk of pipelines through the project results will improve pipeline resiliency. This will improve deliverability of hydrogen blends. Third, the project could have some immediate benefits to at least one of the partners to this project (Industrial Use Case, a cement plant). Converting the gas pipeline network will take time but providing hydrogen to key customers can be achieved in a much shorter period of time. For example, according to xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx “California’s nine cement plants together produced about 10 million metric tons (mT) of cement and emitted 7.9 Mt of CO2 pollution in 2015”. Therefore, if by the end of this project even one plant converts to hydrogen usage, the benefits would be 0.9 million mT of CO2 which is equivalent to $44 million/year4. Fourth, the change to another energy source will stimulate growth in other market sectors (i.e., solar panels, windmills) and new jobs will be created, thus helping disadvantaged communitiesremote grid connectivity stations. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs: Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by bridging many critical knowledge gaps advancing the technological development and commercialization of an advanced, non-lithium-ion battery storage solution for California. Specifically, this project will test and validate the next generation ZnythTM technology system design that stand incorporates the Gen3 battery module in a ruggedized, plug-and-play ISO-shipping container to improve power and energy density, while reducing manufacturing and installation costs. This technology has previously been identified as a barrier having potential to achieving these achieve <$100/kWh manufactured cost, making it the most cost-effective battery technology on the market. The technology’s low cost will allow CA IOU’s to more cost-effectively meet their procurement goals for AB 2514. These savings will be passed down to California ratepayers through more affordable 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. The knowledge gaps existing in relevant domains electricity bills. In addition, California’s clean energy and their interfaces climate policies and programs, including SB 100 and AB 32, will expand the deployment of renewable energy, which has the potential to increase electricity rates. With the added demand for renewables generation comes the overwhelming overproduction of clean energy seen today through curtailments when that clean energy cannot be used.4 Flexible resources such as the battery systems that will be addressed demonstrated in this project through the project, which can switch their state of charge nearly instantaneously in response to market conditions, will help capture and sustain a multi-disciplinary team conducting experimental tasks, model development derived from the experiments and available literature, and validation large share of the analyses through component renewables curtailments seen today and labassist utilities to more cost-scaled system- level testingeffectively meet the requirements, helping to lower costs for California IOU ratepayers.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The broader goal goals of this Agreement is are to: • Analyze different compliance pathways, with and without energy storage, to reduce achieve the gap in critical knowledge energy and efficiency requirements and goals of new residential construction under Title 24; • Quantify the impact coordinated operation of localized energy storage can provide to help gas IOUs introduce hydrogen in mitigate demand surges and benefit the utility and the grid, at the distribution level; • Report on potential areas of improvement of the current California gas pipeline networkbuilding code; and • Suggest a prioritization to further develop control and optimization strategies, and therefore help California meet its decarbonization goals. To achieve this goal, multiple attainable objectives are set in place: • Design and execute a hydrogen blending testing program at material, component, and system levels, informed by and in support of selected Use Cases, and possible generalization • Create a repository of hydrogen blending data and technology assessment literature and similar information produced in this agreement. This will include information on the characteristics and technical assessment as needed to improve grid harmonization of the pipeline systems in the Use Cases • Develop models and computational capabilities to conduct Use Case system risk and performance assessments • Apply the system risk and performance assessments to Use Cases • Create a comprehensive integrity management approach and quantitative risk analysis, for selected Use Cases, and possible generalization • Perform techno-economic analyses of multiple decarbonization scenarios, selected Use Cases, and possible generalizations building code. Ratepayer Benefits: Benefits:2 This agreement Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability and lower costs, greater energy reliability, costs by providing T24 and increased safety. The tangible and immediate benefits include: First, it’s challenging to scale up California Joint Appendix 12 (JA12) recommendations that promote future solar and wind farms without energy storage. National Renewable Energy Laboratory estimates the cost of renewable energy curtailment at $300/MWh2. California curtailed approximately 1.5 million MWh of utility scale solar in 2020. This curtailment 2 National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Operational Benefits of Meeting California’s Energy Storage Targets. May 2016. xxxxx://xxx.xxxx.xxx/docs/fy17osti/66517.pdf represents $450 million/year3 in energy lost. This project will address the distribution of hydrogen storage combinations optimized to provide reliable back-up power during outages and therefore help increase current and future hydrogen production. Potential savings are much larger than the current $450 million/year curtailment costs. Second, hydrogen production near solar and wind farms will help decentralize the production of energy. The current California gas pipeline system is dependent on a few key pipelines, and a single point of failure can have catastrophic consequences. The decentralization of energy production will greatly improve the resiliency lower costs through programed discharge of the pipeline battery during times of peak energy network infrastructurerates. The reduction in risk of pipelines through Storage provides back-up power for essential needs during outages at the project results will improve pipeline resiliencyinstallation site. This will improve deliverability of hydrogen blendsFor customers with critical loads like medical or communication equipment, having battery energy storage to provide backup power can be lifesaving. ThirdIntegrating solar with battery energy storage can also protect customers during extended public safety power shutoff (PSPS) events. In October 2019, these events impacted nearly two million Californian customers during two separate weekends. If programmed properly, the project could have some immediate benefits to at least one energy storage device is also capable of charging during the partners to this project (Industrial Use Case, a cement plant). Converting the gas pipeline network will take time but providing hydrogen to key customers can be achieved in a much shorter period of time. For example, day and discharging according to xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx “California’s nine cement plants together produced about 10 million metric tons higher-priced time of use (mTTOU) of cement and emitted 7.9 Mt of CO2 pollution in 2015”. Therefore, if rates established by the end of this project even one plant converts to hydrogen usagelocal utility, saving the benefits would be 0.9 million mT of CO2 which is equivalent to $44 million/year4. Fourth, customer money at the change to another energy source will stimulate growth in other market sectors (i.e., solar panels, windmills) and new jobs will be created, thus helping disadvantaged communitiesmeter. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs: Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by bridging many critical knowledge gaps that stand providing expert recommendations derived from field demonstrations to enhance current T24 building code and JA12 to better suit California plans for decarbonization through renewable generation. The expected deployment of more than 3,500 MW of residential and non-residential energy storage in five years in California could yield a CO2 emission reduction of over 390,000 metric tons of CO2, based on the Energy Storage Association's estimates of CO2 emission reductions from U.S. energy storage deployment (2019)4. Potential new homes built in alignment with a better-developed T24 building code and JA12 favoring controllable energy storage could also yield benefits to grid infrastructure and prepare for ancillary grid impacts as a barrier to achieving these goalsresult of increased renewable generation. The knowledge gaps existing At the distribution level, leveraging onsite energy storage devices improves power quality through voltage and frequency support and increases the potential integration of renewables. At the bulk level, storage mitigates the impacts of fluctuations in relevant domains electricity supply by renewable energy injections on the power grid and their interfaces will be addressed in this project through a multi-disciplinary team conducting experimental tasks, model development derived from thereby reduces the experiments and available literature, and validation of the analyses through component and lab-scaled system- level testingsystem's need for operating reserves.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The broader goal goals of this Agreement is to reduce the gap in critical knowledge to help gas IOUs introduce hydrogen in the current California gas pipeline network, and therefore help California meet its decarbonization goals. To achieve this goal, multiple attainable objectives are set in placeto: • Design and execute develop a hydrogen blending testing program hybrid-powered area lighting pole/luminaire that includes a flexible solar panel and battery as the primary energy source but also has a grid Alternating Current backup. • Demonstrate the new multi-feature lighting product in low-income or disadvantaged communities in California IOU electric service areas and measure illuminance and energy consumption during on and off-peak periods. • Provide a means of delivering light to communities regardless of the state of the grid using battery storage or regardless of the charge state of the batteries because grid power is available as backup for improved lighting conditions and resiliency during power failures. • Deliver luminaire-level control to area lighting by use of motion, dimming, photosensor and wireless controls integrated into the luminaire to provide further reduction in energy used and prolonging battery charge level and assess demand response (DR) potential. • Evaluate the ability for net metering of the hybrid luminaire to provide excess electricity back to the grid. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement may result in ratepayer benefits through developing a product that provides effective lighting that can remove most of the exterior area lighting load from the grid. This could help reduce the amount of non-renewable, electric grid power required at materialnight. If this technology is deployed for all outdoor lighting in CA, componentan estimated 4,000 GWh of electricity could be offset per year which equates to 132,000 tons of carbon dioxide2 emission reduction. By reducing electric utility bills, the developed technology may allow building owners and housing community operators to reinvest the energy cost savings to other services for their community. This technology may also benefit residents and small business owners by reducing operating cost while having effective lighting. The motion controls aim to ramp up the lights to full brightness when motion is detected, thus reducing energy use. The improved lighting could result in reduction in glare, and system levels, informed by and in support of selected Use Cases, and possible generalization • Create a repository of hydrogen blending data and technology assessment literature and similar information produced in this agreement. This will include information on the characteristics and technical assessment of the pipeline systems in the Use Cases • Develop models and computational capabilities to conduct Use Case system risk and performance assessments • Apply the system risk and performance assessments to Use Cases • Create a comprehensive integrity management approach and quantitative risk analysis, improved visibility for selected Use Cases, and possible generalization • Perform techno-economic analyses of multiple decarbonization scenarios, selected Use Cases, and possible generalizations Ratepayer Benefits: This agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of lower costs, greater energy reliability, and increased safety. The tangible and immediate benefits include: First, it’s challenging to scale up California solar and wind farms without energy storage. National Renewable Energy Laboratory estimates the cost of renewable energy curtailment at $300/MWh2. California curtailed approximately 1.5 million MWh of utility scale solar in 2020. This curtailment 2 National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Operational Benefits of Meeting California’s Energy Storage Targets. May 2016. xxxxx://xxx.xxxx.xxx/docs/fy17osti/66517.pdf represents $450 million/year3 in energy lost. This project will address the distribution of hydrogen and therefore help increase current and future hydrogen production. Potential savings are much larger than the current $450 million/year curtailment costs. Second, hydrogen production near solar and wind farms will help decentralize the production of energy. The current California gas pipeline system is dependent on a few key pipelines, and a single point of failure can have catastrophic consequences. The decentralization of energy production will greatly improve the resiliency of the pipeline energy network infrastructure. The reduction in risk of pipelines through the project results will improve pipeline resiliency. This will improve deliverability of hydrogen blends. Third, the project could have some immediate benefits to at least one of the partners to this project (Industrial Use Case, a cement plant). Converting the gas pipeline network will take time but providing hydrogen to key customers can be achieved in a much shorter period of time. For example, according to xxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx “California’s nine cement plants together produced about 10 million metric tons (mT) of cement and emitted 7.9 Mt of CO2 pollution in 2015”. Therefore, if by the end of this project even one plant converts to hydrogen usage, the benefits would be 0.9 million mT of CO2 which is equivalent to $44 million/year4. Fourth, the change to another energy source will stimulate growth in other market sectors (i.e., solar panels, windmills) and new jobs will be created, thus helping disadvantaged communitiesdrivers. Technological Advancement and BreakthroughsBreakthroughs:3 Specific technological breakthroughs features include: 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). • creation of a battery charging system for exterior area lighting that prioritizes renewable energy charging but can charge with the grid as a backup during off-peak hours or when cost advantageous • addition of light dimming, motion sensing, photo sensing and scheduling to reduce battery size while lowering the cost of solar lighting systems • integration of low-glare, motion-sensing, smart-grid-enabled, renewable energy powered LED luminaires for enhanced safety and reliability while reducing installation and maintenance cost compared to pole-top solar designs Few (if any) companies have demonstrated a grid-tied, solar lighting retrofit solution. This Agreement will lead project aims to technological advancement bring renewable energy benefits to existing exterior lights by minimizing the size of the required solar and breakthroughs battery solution, which directly results in lower cost. Furthermore, the wrap- around solar panel design allows for faster installation, lower maintenance, and lower cost than pole-top mounted solar designs. Integration of motion sensors and dimming controls into the hybrid powered LED luminaire could reduce battery size. Typical battery sizes are designed provide power for five days in the event of bad weather. This project aims to overcome barriers reduce the battery size to provide power for two days due to the achievement availability of the State grid to provide backup charging. With the goal of California’s statutory minimizing any grid electricity consumption during peak and partial periods (e.g., 2:00 pm to 11:00 pm), the project team aims to implement automated switching controls to keep the battery charging in the middle of the day, when it is cost advantageous and whether solar is available or not. Furthermore, embedded sensors could monitor and report energy goals by bridging many critical knowledge gaps that stand data and air quality, and to respond individually or as a barrier group to achieving these goalspeople activity. The knowledge gaps existing in relevant domains and their interfaces will This allows the hybrid luminaires to be addressed in this project through a multi-disciplinary team conducting experimental tasksremotely monitored, model development derived from the experiments and available literaturecontrolled, and validation of the analyses through component and lab-scaled system- level testingscheduled.