POSSIBLE WAYS TO USE SC KNOWLEDGE IN TOURISM Sample Clauses

POSSIBLE WAYS TO USE SC KNOWLEDGE IN TOURISM. In tourism, the supply- delivery chain management integrates the scheduling and management of all the activities involved in the suppliers‟ provision and choosing the suppliers, the logistical management activities, as well as the coordinating and collaborating activities with all the partners. Referring to the bale logistics domain, Xxxxx (2006, p.19) comments that the logistician‟s main plan is to take the needed goods and services at the right place, at the right time in the required conditions. When applying the logistics definition in the tourism sector, it can be defined as a plan to create and offer the tourist products and services needed by the tourists, at the right destination and make sure the tourists arrive there at the right time in the most beneficial way. Also, a SC should be efficient and effective. Efficiency means to minimize resource input and maximize output, while effectiveness refers to measurable output. Efficiency is measured by delivery performance, product quality, whereas effectiveness is measured by service quality and customer satisfaction. SCM is a popular branch of research in business studies; usually the SC is applied in the manufacturing sector, In spite of its popularity in the manufacturing sector, the applicability of SCM research in tourism has not yet been broader studied (Xxxxxx 2008, Xxxxx et al. 2008). There are a few studies that adopt the SC concept and show the value of applying SCM knowledge of tour operators for integrating economic, environmental and social sustainability into tourism SC (Center for environment leader 2003). The SC of tourism is illustrated in Figure 1. The first tier of the upstream includes direct suppliers (such as airlines, hotels and car hire) which directly supply tourism products and services to tour operator. Second tier suppliers, which supply products and services to first tier suppliers. From the downstream includes tourists or end customers, travel agents and tour operators have tremendous influence in whole activities involved in the SC network structure on tourism. Also a tour operator buy individual travel services for example transport and accommodation from tier 1 suppliers (such as airlines and hotels) and assembles them into a single package, which are sold to the travelers directly or through travel agents. Information flow Service flow Tour operator Travel Agent 2 Transportation Travel Agent 1 Accommodation Airline Hotel Car hire Tier1 Suppliers Tier 2 Suppliers Focal f...
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