Model uncertainties Sample Clauses

Model uncertainties. A calculation model is a physically based or empirical relation between relevant variables, which are in general random variables: Y = f (X1, X2, ... Xn) (3.2) where Y is the model output, f ( )is the model function and Xi are the basic variables. The model f (...) may be complete and exact, so that, if the values of Xi are known in a particular experiment (from measurements), the outcome Y can be predicted without error. This, however, is not normally the situation. In most cases the model will be incomplete and inexact. This may be the result of lack of knowledge, or a deliberate simplification of the model, for the convenience of the modeller. The difference between the model prediction and the real outcome of the experiment can be expressed as: Y = f ′ (X1 ... Xn, θ1 ... θm) (3.3) θi are referred to as parameters which contain the model uncertainties and are treated as random variables. Their statistical properties can in most cases be derived from experiments or observations. The mean of these parameters should be determined in such a way that, on average, the calculation model correctly predicts the test results.
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Model uncertainties. The finite mixture model was built to reflect the City’s conceptual model of stormwater basin discharge concentrations (see Section C4. 1.1). There are many assumptions associated with the development of the conceptual model and the mathematical model used for the analysis of this stormwater dataset. A summary of uncertainties in the statistical evaluation is provided below:  The distribution and pattern of stormwater analyte concentrations may be much more complicated than observed. For example, the analyte distribution plots, presented in Attachment C3, often do not show distinct breaks between subpopulations (i.e., groups), but rather a continuous spread of concentrations. This indicates the use of a three- component model may be an oversimplification of a much more complex system. However, the three-component model is useful as a data driven method for identifying groups of basins that are most similar in order to simplify a complex system for policy purposes (i.e., source tracing).  Stormwater sample results for individual sampling events are assumed to be random samples of the underlying distribution of analyte concentrations in each outfall basin. To the extent that these samples are not random, they may provide a biased view of the conditions in each basin.  The model fits well enough to represent the stormwater data set for the purpose of identifying basins for consideration of additional source tracing activities. Inferences obtained from a faulty or ill fitting model may be misleading. There is no gross evidence of lack of fit in the model for the analytes evaluated. However, some variances were noted. For example, the stormwater sample concentrations from one non-City outfall were noted to be more variable than concentrations in other outfall basins; all four copper concentrations in this basin were outside the model estimated 95% confidence intervals for copper. The chance for this condition to have occurred randomly if the variances were the same in each basin is small. It is more likely that the variance of analyte concentrations varies from basin to basin according to other factors. However, investigating factors (grab versus composite sampling, size of basin) that might affect concentration variance did not reveal any way to explain this excess variance in some basins. In addition, the problem seems to affect a small number of basins, with most basins having variability that is consistent from basin to basin.  In the model, composite a...

Related to Model uncertainties

  • FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS There are no budget implications. The applicant will be responsible for all costs, expenses, liabilities and obligations imposed under or incurred in order to satisfy the terms of this proposed development agreement. The administration of the proposed development agreement can be carried out within the approved 2019- 2020 budget and with existing resources.

  • Aggravating and Mitigating Factors The penalties in this matter were determined in consideration of all relevant circumstances, including statutory factors as described in CARB’s Enforcement Policy. CARB considered whether the violator came into compliance quickly and cooperated with the investigation; the extent of harm to public health, safety and welfare; nature and persistence of the violation, including the magnitude of the excess emissions; compliance history; preventative efforts taken; innovative nature and the magnitude of the effort required to comply, and the accuracy, reproducibility, and repeatability of the available test methods; efforts to attain, or provide for, compliance prior to violation; action taken to mitigate the violation; financial burden to the violator; and voluntary disclosure. The penalties are set at levels sufficient to deter violations, to remove any economic benefit or unfair advantage from noncompliance, to obtain swift compliance, and the potential costs, risks, and uncertainty associated with litigation. Penalties in future cases might be smaller or larger depending on the unique circumstances of the case.

  • Outcomes Secondary: Career pathway students will: have career goals designated on SEOP, earn concurrent college credit while in high school, achieve a state competency certificate and while completing high school graduation requirements.

  • Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.

  • RECOGNITION OUTCOMES The receiving institution commits to provide the sending institution and the student with a Transcript of Records within a period stipulated in the inter-institutional agreement and normally not longer than five weeks after publication/proclamation of the student’s results at the receiving institution. The Transcript of Records from the receiving institution will contain at least the minimum information requested in this Learning Agreement template. Table E (or the representation that the institution makes of it) will include all the educational components agreed in table A and, if there were changes to the study programme abroad, in table C. In addition, grade distribution information should be included in the Transcript of Records or attached to it (a web link where this information can be found is enough). The actual start and end dates of the study period will be included according to the following definitions: The start date of the study period is the first day the student has been present at the receiving institution, for example, for the first course, for a welcoming event organised by the host institution or for language and intercultural courses. The end date of the study period is the last day the student has been present at the receiving institution and not his actual date of departure. This is, for example, the end of exams period, courses or mandatory sitting period. Following the receipt of the Transcript of Records from the receiving institution, the sending institution commits to provide to the student a Transcript of Records, without further requirements from the student, and normally within five weeks. The sending institution's Transcript of Records must include at least the information listed in table F (the recognition outcomes) and attach the receiving institution's Transcript of Record. In case of mobility windows, table F may be completed as follows: Component code (if any) Title of recognised component (as indicated in the course catalogue) at the sending institution Number of ECTS credits Sending institution grade, if applicable Mobility window Total: 30 ….. Where applicable, the sending institution will translate the grades received by the student abroad, taking into account the grade distribution information from the receiving institution (see the methodology described in the ECTS Users' Guide). In addition, all the educational components will appear as well in the student's Diploma Supplement. The exact titles from the receiving institution will also be included in the Transcript of Records that is attached to the Diploma Supplement. P Additional educational components above the number of ECTS credits required in his/her curriculum are listed in the LA and if the sending institution will not recognise them as counting towards their degree, this has to be agreed by all parties concerned and annexed to the LA

  • Complexity Intermediate professional level role. Provides data warehouse architectural design, development and support in multi-platform environments. Works on multiple projects as a team member and may lead projects of moderate complexity. May coach more junior technical staff.

  • ECONOMIC RISK; SOPHISTICATION 19 Section 13. NONDISCLOSURE OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

  • Inherently Religious Activities Grantee may not use grant funding to engage in inherently religious activities, such as proselytizing, scripture study, or worship. Grantees may engage in inherently religious activities; however, these activities must be separate in time or location from the grant- funded program. Moreover, grantees must not compel program beneficiaries to participate in inherently religious activities. These requirements apply to all grantees, not just faith-based organizations.

  • Self Scheduling The Home and the Union may agree to implement a self-scheduling process. Self-scheduling is the mechanism by which employees in a Home create their own work schedules. The purpose of self scheduling is to improve job satisfaction and quality of work life for the participating employees. Self scheduling requires a collaboration of employees and management to ensure proper coverage of the Home and to meet the provisions of the Collective Agreement. It is agreed that self scheduling will be negotiated locally by the Home and the Union and will include a trial period. Each Home must have the majority agreement of the full-time and part-time employees who vote on the issue to agree on a trial period of up to six months. Once the trial period is complete, each Home must have a minimum of 66⅔% agreement of the full-time and part-time employees who vote on the issue to continue with the new schedule on a permanent basis.

  • Profitability The Board reviewed detailed information regarding revenues received by XXXX under the Agreement. The Board considered the estimated costs to XXXX, and pre-tax profits realized by XXXX, from advising the DWS Funds, as well as estimates of the pre-tax profits attributable to managing the Fund in particular. The Board also received information regarding the estimated enterprise-wide profitability of DIMA and its affiliates with respect to all fund services in totality and by fund. The Board and the Fee Consultant reviewed XXXX’s methodology in allocating its costs to the management of the Fund. Based on the information provided, the Board concluded that the pre-tax profits realized by XXXX in connection with the management of the Fund were not unreasonable. The Board also reviewed certain publicly available information regarding the profitability of certain similar investment management firms. The Board noted that, while information regarding the profitability of such firms is limited (and in some cases is not necessarily prepared on a comparable basis), DIMA and its affiliates’ overall profitability with respect to the DWS Funds (after taking into account distribution and other services provided to the funds by XXXX and its affiliates) was lower than the overall profitability levels of most comparable firms for which such data was available. Economies of Scale. The Board considered whether there are economies of scale with respect to the management of the Fund and whether the Fund benefits from any economies of scale. The Board noted that the Fund’s investment management fee schedule includes fee breakpoints. The Board concluded that the Fund’s fee schedule represents an appropriate sharing between the Fund and DIMA of such economies of scale as may exist in the management of the Fund at current asset levels.

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