MSC Markers Sample Clauses

MSC Markers. The use of MSC markers is a widely used method for their classification, as the expression (Xxx, Xxx et al. 2008), cytometric sorting, magnetic sorting or immunopanning (reviewed by Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx et al. 2013). MSCs are defined by the International Society of Cellular Therapy by three main characteristics: • Adhesion to plastic when cultivated • Expression of a specific set of membrane molecules CD73, CD90, CD105 and lack of expression of the hematopoietic markers CD14 or CD11b, CD19 or CD79a, CD34 and CD45 and human leucocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) • Multipotency, ability to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages; osteoblast, chondrocyte and adipocyte (Dominici, Le Blanc et al. 2006). Although this definition clarifies characteristics of human MSCs in vitro, identification of MSCs among a heterogeneous pool of cells which are connected in different ways in most body tissues, is still a problematic issue. However, determination of molecular markers like surface protein markers, transcription factors, microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) might be helpful (Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx et al. 2013). Apart from those classic surface proteins mentioned in the definition, CD130, CD146, CD200, CD49b and integrin aV/b5 (Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx et al. 2013), CD117, Stro-1, CD133, CD271 and MSCA-1 (Xxxxx, Xxxxxxx et al. 2014) have been used for isolation of MSCs and among them CD146 has been suggested as a specific surface marker of MSCs originating from different tissues. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), neuron-glial antigen 2 proteoglycan (NG2) (Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxx et al. 2013, Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx et al. 2014), Frizzled-9 or CD349 (FZD9) are also markers for primitive MSCs, whereas NOTCH-3 is a marker for enrichment of MSCs capable of both osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, and ITGA11 and MSCA-1 markers for bone marrow MSCs that undergo osteogenesis and adipogenesis respectively (Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx et al. 2013), leptin receptor, a fat-cell-specific hormone receptor (Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx et al. 2014) has recently been demonstrated as a surface marker of MSCs.
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