Conductivity. 1.8.1 Not to be increased by more than 15 per cent above that of the intake water.
1.8.2 The conductivity of any water or effluent seeping or draining from any area where mining is or was undertaken, shall not exceed 250 milli-Siemens per metre (determined at 25°C).
Conductivity. A measure of the electrical resistance of the water. The higher conductivity of the water, the more dissolved mineral salts in the water. Distilled water has a conductivity of approximately 2-3 micromhos/cm. However, typical drinking water can easily be over 400 micromhos/cm.
Conductivity. The conductivity of 16 typical NADES and four kinds of diluted NADES with water was investigated at room temperature. Big differences in conductivity were observed for the NADES, as shown in Table 2.
Conductivity. Conductivity was measured with a Cond 3110 Conductivity meter and a TetraCon 325 standard conductivity measuring cell (Wissenschaftlich-Technische Werkstätten). Calibration was performed with a KCl solution (0.1 mol L-1) prior to the measurements.
Conductivity. A measure of the ability of a substance to transmit heat, electrical charge or sound through a medium without noticeable motion of the medium itself. Casing string that is usually hammered into the well at the seabed, to prevent the sides of the hole from caving into the wellbore. The resultant effect (positive or negative) of an activity’s interaction with the legal, natural and/or socio-economic environments.
Conductivity. Should have an exemplary character and behaviour.
Conductivity. The surface of the floor shall provide a limited electrical conductivity between all persons and equipment making contact with the floor to prevent the accumulation of undesirable electrostatic charges. In the interests of electrical safety, exposed, earthed metal shall not appear at the floor surface. For a conductive floor with an earthed undersurface (e.g. an elevated floor with earthed substructure or carpet laid directly on a concrete slab), the bulk resistance of the floor is its more important resistive property. Where the conductive floor is laid over an insulating surface (e.g. carpet on a rubber underlay), then the surface resistance is the more important parameter.
Conductivity. 3.4.1 This procedure calibrates conductivity, non-linear function (nLF) conductivity, specific conductance, salinity, and total dissolved solids.
3.4.2 Clean with soft brush.
3.4.3 Place the correct amount of conductivity standard into a clean and dry or pre-rinsed calibration cup. ORCA’s in house NIST traceable Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth sensor (Smart Conductivity, Temperature and Pressure V1.15 SN:4893-CTD 1998, Applied Microsystems Ltd.) serves as a baseline for measuring calibration standard.
3.4.4 Carefully immerse the probe end of the sonde into the solution, making sure the standard is above the vent holes on the conductivity sensor.
3.4.5 Gently rotate and/or move the sonde up and down to remove any bubbles from the conductivity cell.
3.4.6 Allow at least one minute for temperature equilibration before proceeding.
3.4.7 In the Calibrate menu, select Conductivity and then a second menu will offer the options of calibrating conductivity, nLF conductivity, specific conductance, or salinity. Calibrating any one option automatically calibrates the other parameters.
3.4.8 After selecting the option of choice (specific conductance is recommended), enter the value of the standard used during calibration. Be certain that the units are correct and match the units displayed in the second window at the top of the menu.
Conductivity. All experiments were conducted at room temperature using a sample volume of 10 mL. A Xxxxxxx Scientific Traceable™ Conductivity Meter was used and calibrated with three standard solutions of 100, 1000, and 10,000 μS/cm from Xxxxxxx Scientific. Surface tension measurements were conducted at room temperature on a Xxxxxx Surface Tensiomat following the Du Nouy ring procedure. All solutions were prepared using deionized water in a 25 mL volumetric flask. Each solution was measured 10 times in a 50 mL crystallizing dish and the obtained values were averaged. Between each solution, the platinum ring (mean circumference: 5.920 cm) was rinsed by 0.1 M HCl solution and deionized water and flame dried. Fluorescence measurements were obtained on a Shimadzu RF-5301 PC Spectrofluorophotometer at room temperature with sensitivity of 1 nm. The excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 335 nm and 393 nm, respectively. Pyrene and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPyrCl) were used as the fluorescent probe/quencher pair. A 1.0×10–3 M stock solution of pyrene was prepared in methanol. A 2.0×10–3 M stock solution of the quencher was prepared in deionized water. A known volume of the probe stock solution was pipetted into a clean volumetric flask, a gentle stream of nitrogen gas then evaporated methanol and then aqueous surfactant solution was added to achieve 2.0×10–6 M pyrene (solution 1). After sonicating for 50 min, solution 1 was stored in dark and left to equilibrate overnight. The equilibrated solution was divided in two halves. The first half was diluted with deionized water to give a 1.0×10–6 M probe and half of initial concentration surfactant (solution 2), while the other half was mixed with quencher stock solution to give a solution containing 1.0×10–3 M quencher, 1.0×10–6 M probe, and half of initial concentration surfactant (quencher solution). The quencher solution was added to the probe solution 2 (3 mL) in increasing volume increments of 100 μL and allowed to equilibrate for 3 minutes before fluorescence measurements. The emission spectra of pyrene from 350 nm to 410 nm were recorded after addition of each aliquot of the quencher solution and the logarithm of the intensity ratio of the fifth vibronic band (ln(I0/IQ) at λ = 395 nm) was plotted vs. the quencher concentration. The aggregation number, Nagg, is obtained from the slope of the plot of ln (I0/IQ) vs. [CPyCl] by Nagg = slope × ([surf.] – CMC). The fluorescence molecule, pyrene, stays in the core and is s...
