Mobility and international collaboration Sample Clauses

Mobility and international collaboration. Mobility plays a crucial role in scientific development and career. Geographical mobility is essential for knowledge exchange processes and the relationship building (Xxxxxx 2010), including establishing scientific collaboration (Xxxx xx.xx. 2017). While it is not the only path to career advancement, geographical mobility is also “a common prerequisite for having access to tenured positions in some scientific fields, academic institutions or national contexts” (Caprile, Xxxxxx 2010: 26). While “traditionally researcher mobility has been implicitly characterised as involving an extended period of residence abroad (often 2-3 years), usually implying a period of employment (or a scholarship) at doctoral/post-doctoral level” (Xxxxxx 2010: n.p.), since recently mobility has been viewed as a continuum, covering also short-term stays at partner labs or at workshops and conferences (Xxxxxx 2010). The study on the views of the EU researchers on the factors that inhibit – mainly long-term – mobility revealed that much reference was made to ‘quality of life’ issues, including the necessity of dual income families, the difficulties in maintaining two careers and the problems encountered in moving families and partners. Other concerns emerged around the issues of pension, tax, pay and benefits, career progression and availability of posts (European Commission 2008b). Among them a lack of pension transfer system and suitable social security schemes were frequently discussed. In this context it is worth to signal a trend towards the feminization of academic migration that was identified in Central and Eastern Europe. The ENWISE Report reveals that women scientists in Central and Eastern European countries and in the Baltic States, facing difficult economic situations, are inclined to accept jobs below their qualification and in general to work for lesser wages, which is rarely the case for their male counterparts. This flexibility of attitude towards the labour market in fact makes them prospective emigrants (Sretenova 2010). The very process of academic migration incorporates a gender dimension that has been highly neglected and under-researched in mainstream research on brain drain issues. It can be assumed that gender plays a crucial role at each stage of the academic migration process – at the stage of decision-making on emigration, at the stage of immigration to the receiving country and at the stage of possible return back to the home country (Sretenova 2010). Whil...
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