IN EUROPE. The States Parties hereby agree upon the following national ceilings, subceilings for active units and subceilings for sub-categories pursuant to Article IV of the Treaty. State Party Battle tanks Armoured combat vehicles Pieces of artillery Combat aircraft Attack Helicopters Total of which AIFVs and HACVs of which HACVs The Republic of Armenia 220 220 135 11 285 100 50 The Republic of Azerbaijan 220 220 135 11 285 100 50 The Republic of Belarus(1) 1,800 2,600 1,590 130 1,615 294 80 The Kingdom of Belgium 300 989 600 237 288 209 46 The Republic of Bulgaria 1,475 2,000 1,100 100 1,750 235 67 Canada 77 263 263 0 32 90 13 The Czech Republic(2) 957 1,367 954 69 767 230 50 The Kingdom of Denmark 335 336 210 17 446 82 18 The French Republic 1,226 3,700 1,983 535 1,000 000 000 Georgia 220 220 135 11 285 100 50 The Federal Republic of Germany 3,444 3,281 3,281 80 2,255 765 280 The Hellenic Republic 1,735 2,498 1,599 70 1,920 650 65 The Republic of Hungary(3) 835 1,700 1,020 85 840 180 108 The Italian Republic 1,267 3,172 1,970 0 1,000 000 000 The Republic of Kazakhstan 50 200 0 0 100 15 20 The Republic of Moldova 210 210 130 10 250 50 50 The Kingdom of the Netherlands 520 864 718 0 485 230 50 The Kingdom of Norway 170 275 181 0 491 100 24 The Republic of Poland(4) 1,730 2,150 1,700 107 1,610 460 130 The Portuguese Republic 300 430 267 77 450 160 26 Romania 1,375 2,100 552 72 1,475 430 120 The Russian Federation(5) 6,350 11,280 7,030 574 6,315 3,416 855 The Slovak Republic(6) 478 683 476 34 383 100 40 The Kingdom of Spain 750 1,588 1,228 191 1,276 310 80 The Republic of Turkey 2,795 3,120 1,993 93 3,523 750 130 Ukraine(7) 4,080 5,050 3,095 253 4,040 1,090 330 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 843 3,017 1,335 200 583 855 350 The United States of America 1,812 3,037 2,372 0 1,553 784 396 (1) Of which no more than 1,525 battle tanks, 2,175 armoured combat vehicles and 1,375 pieces of artillery in active units.
IN EUROPE. This would likely still apply with the current regulatory status of EU lineages (as described above). • Inspection of known susceptible host plants (e.g. Rhododendron) at import sites and/or nurseries (estimate inspection costs from those given for Britain above?). • Plants that show Phytophthora infection symptoms are tested with the Pocket Diagnostic field detection kit for Phytophthora (€451.62 for 50 tests) (Pocket Diagnostic, 2023). • If symptomatic plant parts test positive for Phytophthora, samples are taken to the laboratory and identification of P. ramorum made from morphological traits of isolated culture or by molecular methods (estimate from diagnostic costs from those given for Britain above?). Establishment and spread (dispersal) • Suitable areas for establishment o SDM models o Host distribution • Probability of established colony growth o Host plant density o Radial increase velocity (new propagules) ▪ Intrinsic growth rate ▪ Diffusion constant (km2/unit time) o Allee effect severity/no Allee effect Suitable areas for establishment Refer to sections for CLIMEX models and host distribution above. Colony growth Host plant density Difficult to put numbers on this. Could assume that nurseries are high density, but for establishment, natural spread to, and within, the surrounding environment (or parks where the plants are eventually planted) is key. Intrinsic growth rate • Elliot et al. (2011) present the growth rates of the NA1, NA2, and EU1 lineages at minimum, optimal, and upper temperature limits (NA lineages absent from Europe and officially considered quarantine pest, unlike the EU lineages, so may be important to differentiate). I have attached the table for this data at the end of this document (Table 1, before reference list). Colony growth rates are calculated in mm/day. • O’Hanlon et al. (2017a) also presents growth rates at different temperatures for the same lineages, but with the addition of the EU2 lineage (also infects a forestry plant species (larch) in Europe, which EU1 had jumped to before EU2 discovery – more detail later). The table of growth rates in mm/day is attached at the end of this document (Table 2). • Jung et al. (2021) present data for growth of all 12 lineages at the optimum of 20 °C and at the upper temperature limit of 28 °C which are given at the end of this document (Figures 1-2). • It is important to consider this data within the context of the biology of oomycetes. Although colony growth is a necessary pre-r...
IN EUROPE. (i) Criteria for protection The situation in Europe is characterised by the coexistence of national laws and regulations on the one hand, and of a community regime of protection of plant breeders’ rights on the other hand. The Council Regulation EC 2100/94 implements the 1991 version of the UPOV Convention and is administered by the CPV Office, located in Angers, France. Community plant variety rights (hereafter “CPVRs”) have a uniform effect over the Community territory, once granted, but also when they are transferred or cancelled. It is not possible to hold simultaneously CPVRs and national plant variety rights or patents for the same variety. In situations where a national right pre-existed, such right is suspended until the term of the CPVR. Varieties of all botanical genera and species are entitled to protection. A plant grouping is defined as consisting of entire plants or parts of plants as far as such parts are capable of producing entire plants. The criteria of protection (DUS and novelty tests) are laid down by Art. 5 and 6 of Regulation 2100/94 and correspond to those defined by the UPOV convention. After issuance, the duration of a CPVR is 25 years (30 years for vines and trees).
IN EUROPE. Art. 13.8 of the EC Regulation 2100/94 posits a general caveat concerning the rights conferred by CPVRs. Without prejudice to farmers’ privilege and cross-licensing arrangements, the exercise of CPVRs shall not be contrary to public order, or to the protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants, or of the environment, or of industrial or commercial property, or to the safeguarding of competition and agriculture production.
IN EUROPE. Employee shall perform services of an executive nature consistent with his offices with Radica Group as may from time to time be assigned or delegated to him by the Board of Directors of Radica ("Board").
IN EUROPE. In Europe, the Directive 98/44/EC on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions contemplates such a situation, and Article 12 designed a cross-licensing scheme between patents and plant breeders’ rights. The conditions set forth for such licenses are the following ones: – They must be compulsory licenses, – For a non-exclusive use, – Giving rise to appropriate royalties. This provision was inspired by the conditions listed in Art. 31 of the TRIPs (which is concerned only with compulsory licenses on patents). In particular, the applicant must give evidence of his/her unsuccessful attempt to obtain a contractual license; and the plant variety or the invention concerned must represent a significant technical progress of considerable economic interest. The Regulation 2100/94 on Community plant variety rights had to be amended accordingly, which was achieved by the Council Regulation (EC) 873/2004 that modifies Art. 29 of Regulation 2100/94. The new Regulation specifies the conditions of grant of cross-licenses.
IN EUROPE. In respect of Personal Data to which European Data Protection Laws applies, prior to any transfer of such data outside the European Economic Area or United Kingdom, excluding transfer to countries approved as providing adequate protection for Personal Data by the European Commission or UK government (as applicable) from time to time, the Parties will, prior to any such transfer the Parties will execute and each Party will comply with its respective obligations set out in the Standard Contractual Clauses together with any applicable UK Addendum; provided that (i) such Standard Contractual Clauses and UK Addendum are still a valid means of transfer; and (ii) the Parties have assessed the risk of the transfers under such Standard Contractual Clauses and addendum taking into account the data in question, the destination countries and intended Processes as acceptable having conducted a risk assessment.
IN EUROPE. Systemwide sales increased 7% for the quarter and 9% for the six months in constant currencies. Europe's operating income increased 8% for the quarter and 10% for the six months in constant currencies.
IN EUROPE. The manufacturing partnership in Horizon Europe Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda, September 2021, (EFFRA). The latest SRIA from AIOTI is in the final stages of preparation and will be later integrated into the second version of this document.7 This second version will revise the later versions of such documents produced across all associations and make a comparison to the current analysis to detect changes in directions, emerging themes, and relative importance.
