Islanding in network codes Sample Clauses

Islanding in network codes. Given the absence of provisions governing temporary islanding in UK energy law, one must turn to network codes in order to identify the provisions relating to its three phases: disconnection, islanded operation and reconnection. Black-start, which is needed internally to secure the grid, is also part of this research. The main network code in the UK is simply named the Grid Code. It applies mostly to the transmission grid, but it contains a long list of definitions that apply to distribution systems [216].The concepts defined in the Grid Code, their activities or their size limits may therefore be relevant for the development of microgrids. Apart from the Grid Code, we also will analyse a network code and two standards that are specific to the distribution grid: the Distribution Code (Dcode) and Engineering Recommendations G98 and G99. The Grid Code defines the essential actors of the electricity system in a broader sense than the 1989 Electricity Act, especially because it considers, for technical purposes, generators, distributors (called “network operators”) and suppliers as such, even when they are exempt from having a license [217]. Similarly to the RfG NC (see section 3.2.1), it defines power stations (equivalent to RfG NC’s PGFs), PGMs and power park modules [218]. It also sets the thresholds between the different types of PGMs. These are very similar to the RfG NC thresholds provided in table 7 (see section 3.2.1), at the exception of type C PGMs starting at 10 MW and type D PGMs at 50 MW [219]. In addition, the Grid Code defines a small power station as a power station directly connected to the transmission system or embedded within a user system (e.g., at distribution level) and with a registered capacity that depends on its location. For Northern Scotland, where Orkney lies, the cap is set at 10 MW [220]. The classification as a small power station implies specific requirements for the connection and operation of both the PGMs and the small power stations itself For example, the Grid Code chapter on European connection conditions provides mandatory voltage control requirements for types C and D, similar optional requirements for type B and nothing about type A [221]. The section on fault-ride-through (FRT) only applies to types B, C and D [222]. Type C and D must provide ancillary services [223], and so on. Similarly, the chapter on Connection conditions (CC) of the Grid Code, which establishes the technical criteria that users need to comply wi...
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Islanding in network codes. Adopting the same approach as in the 2019 E-Directive (see section 3.3.1), the December 2020 Act amending the Electricity Supply Act introduced the notion of islanding capacity (Ødriftkapacitet) into Danish law [266]. Together with black-start capacity (Dødstartskapacitet), it is part of the list of non- frequency ancillary services that network operators can use. Ødrift does not appear anywhere else in the Electricity Supply Act, the Act amending it or the CEC Order. Where it does appear, however, is in network codes and particularly in the grid connection codes for generation, implementing the EU RfG NC (see section 3.2)
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Islanding in network codes. The EU network codes reviewed in section 3.2 directly apply in Portugal and therefore their conclusions vis-à-vis islanding as well. For this study, we assessed various ERSE regulations, including the Regulation on Access to Grid and Interconnections (Regulamento de Acesso às Redes e às Interligações – RARI [327]) and the Regulation on Smart Distribution Grid Services (Regulamento dos Serviços das Redes Inteligentes de distribuição de energia elétrica – RSRI [ 328 ]), but without finding any provisions specifically relevant for temporary islanding. However, other network codes provide elements regarding the possibility for potential microgrids to sell various services to system operators and third parties.
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Related to Islanding in network codes

  • Loop Provisioning Involving Integrated Digital Loop Carriers 2.6.1 Where Xxxx has requested an Unbundled Loop and BellSouth uses IDLC systems to provide the local service to the End User and BellSouth has a suitable alternate facility available, BellSouth will make such alternative facilities available to Xxxx. If a suitable alternative facility is not available, then to the extent it is technically feasible, BellSouth will implement one of the following alternative arrangements for Xxxx (e.g. hairpinning): 1. Roll the circuit(s) from the IDLC to any spare copper that exists to the customer premises. 2. Roll the circuit(s) from the IDLC to an existing DLC that is not integrated. 3. If capacity exists, provide "side-door" porting through the switch. 4. If capacity exists, provide "Digital Access Cross Connect System (DACS)- door" porting (if the IDLC routes through a DACS prior to integration into the switch). 2.6.2 Arrangements 3 and 4 above require the use of a designed circuit. Therefore, non- designed Loops such as the SL1 voice grade and UCL-ND may not be ordered in these cases. 2.6.3 If no alternate facility is available, and upon request from Xxxx, and if agreed to by both Parties, BellSouth may utilize its Special Construction (SC) process to determine the additional costs required to provision facilities. Xxxx will then have the option of paying the one-time SC rates to place the Loop.

  • AT&T-12STATE acknowledges that CLEC may have an embedded base of one-way trunks ordered and installed prior to the Effective Date of this Agreement that were used for termination of CLEC’s Section 251(b)(5)/IntraLATA Toll Traffic to AT&T-12STATE (Embedded Base). To the extent that CLEC has such an Embedded Base, CLEC shall only augment trunk groups in the Embedded Base with the mutual agreement of the Parties. CLEC shall not order any new one-way trunk groups following the Effective Date of this Agreement. Moreover, the Parties agree that the Embedded Base will be converted to two-way trunk groups under the following circumstances: 4.2.1.1 With reasonable notification from AT&T-12STATE and upon AT&T-12STATE’s request, CLEC shall convert all of its Embedded Base to two-way trunks. 4.2.1.2 At any time an Embedded Base trunk group (either originating or terminating) requires augmentation, AT&T-12STATE can require the associated originating and terminating trunks to be converted to a single two-way trunk group prior to the augmentation. 4.2.1.3 When any network changes are to be performed on a project basis (i.e., central office conversions, tandem re-homes, etc.), upon request and reasonable notice by AT&T-12STATE, CLEC will convert all of its Embedded Base affected by the project within the intervals and due dates required by the project parameters. 4.2.1.4 In addition to the foregoing, CLEC may choose, at any time, to convert its Embedded Base to two-way trunk groups. 4.2.1.5 The Parties will coordinate any trunk group migration, trunk group prioritization and implementation schedule. AT&T-12STATE agrees to develop a cutover plan within thirty (30) days of notification to CLEC of the need to convert pursuant to Section 4.2.1.1 above and Section 4.2.1.3 above.

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  • Network Interconnection Architecture Each Party will plan, design, construct and maintain the facilities within their respective systems as are necessary and proper for the provision of traffic covered by this Agreement. These facilities include but are not limited to, a sufficient number of trunks to the point of interconnection with the tandem company, and sufficient interoffice and interexchange facilities and trunks between its own central offices to adequately handle traffic between all central offices within the service areas at a P.01 grade of service or better. The provisioning and engineering of such services and facilities will comply with generally accepted industry methods and practices, and will observe the rules and regulations of the lawfully established tariffs applicable to the services provided.

  • Shift Rotation Routine shift rotation is not an approach to staffing endorsed by the Employer. Except for emergency situations where it may be necessary to provide safe patient care, shift rotation will not be utilized without mutual consent. If such an occasion should ever occur, volunteers will be sought first. If no one volunteers, the Employer will rotate shifts on an inverse seniority basis until the staff vacancies are filled.

  • Interface A defined set of transmission facilities that separate Load Zones and that separate the NYCA from adjacent Control Areas. Investor-Owned Transmission Owners. A Transmission Owner that is owned by private investors. At the present time these include: Central Xxxxxx Gas & Electric Corporation, Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc., New York State Electric & Gas Corporation, Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, Orange and Rockland Utilities, Inc., and Rochester Gas and Electric Corporation.

  • Wire Unbundled DS1 Digital Loop This is a designed 4-wire Loop that is provisioned according to industry standards for DS1 or Primary Rate ISDN services and will come standard with a test point, OC, and a DLR. A DS1 Loop may be provisioned over a variety of loop transmission technologies including copper, HDSL-based technology or fiber optic transport systems. It will include a 4-Wire DS1 Network Interface at the End User’s location.

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