Obesity. Obesity (having a body mass index greater than 30.0) affects all age groups and disproportionately affects people of different socioeconomic statuses and racial/ethnic groups. There are often many complications that can occur as a direct or indirect result of obesity. In the Parkview region, nearly a third of adults and more than one in ten low-income preschool-aged children are obese. Through the community and provider surveys, we have identified a clear public concern about the prevalence of obesity in the area. There is also an upward trend associated with the percentage of the population who is obese. However, obesity is a treatable and preventable health concern with a variety of public health intervention strategies that come recommended by healthcare providers and professionals. Table 14: Obesity Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Kosciusko LaGrange Noble Wabash Xxxxxxx Obesity (% of adult population) 30.1 32.6 33.2 34.2 31.8 31.6 32.0 Low Income Preschool Obesity 13.6 12.2 17.9 16.5 14.5 11.0 17.3
Obesity. Treatment for Obesity and complications related to obesity, as well as associated treatments thereof such as but not limited to gastric bypass, gastrectomy, cholecystectomy, gall bladder removal if such treatments are for the purpose of weight control.
Obesity. The electronic versions of (a) the most recent printed edition of Obesity at the date of access and (b) all previous printed editions of Obesity that were first published within the previous twelve (12) months, in each case as available for access on the Internet at the URL xxx.xxxxxx.xxx/xxx from time to time together with any additional material that the Licensor makes available to the Licensee.
Obesity. The percentage of the population that is overweight or obese will reduce in line with the national average – Xxxxx XxXxxxxxx / Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx Travel Modes to Primary & Secondary Schools
Obesity. Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a serious adverse effect on health, leading to an increase in chronic disease and mortality [275, 276]. The worldwide epidemic of obesity is primarily due to an imbalance between physical activity and dietary energy intake. A sedentary lifestyle coupled with an unhealthy diet resulting in obesity markedly increases the risk of CVD [277]. Serious complications to health as a result of obesity include type 2 diabetes [278], cancer and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [278, 279]. Just as importantly, obesity leads to a high prevalence of CVD including ischemic heart disease (IHD) [280], angina and MI, congestive heart failure (CHF) [276], deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and PE [281]. Systemic hypertension, pulmonary hypertension (left ventricular failure, chronic hypoxia), and CHD all occur with disproportionately high frequency in obese individuals and may cause or contribute to alterations in cardiac structure and function [282, 283]. The risk of sudden cardiac death is also increased in obesity. The Framingham Study [283], reported that the annual sudden cardiac mortality rate in obese men and women was estimated to be 40 times higher than the rate of unexplained cardiac arrest in a matched non-obese population [284, 285].
Obesity. Obesity is a risk factor for developing many medical conditions such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes, colon cancer and breast cancer in women (Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxx, 2004). Controlling obesity prevalence in the population can thus help decrease the incidence of those conditions. Based on a study of over 15,000 American adults between 53 and 57 years, Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxxx and White (2005) found that engaging in regular physical activities of various intensity, such as jogging, cycling and aerobics for over 10 years can prevent weight gain associated with aging for people over age 45. Xxxxxxx et al. (2019) conducted a systematic review on the association between physical activity and prevention of weight gain in adults. They identified a dose-response relationship between physical activity and weight loss. Prevention of weight gain is most pronounced with over 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity (≥3 Metabolic Equivalent of Task [MET] hours) physical activity per week. Xxxxxxx et al. (2019) concluded that public health initiatives to curb obesity should include physical activity as a means of prevention.
Obesity. A higher BMI was positively associated with ED-related variables (Xxxx- Xxxxx et al., 1996; Xxx- Xxxxx et al., 2013; O’Hara et al., 2016; Xxxxxx, 1987), ED symptoms (Xxxxxx & Xxxxxxxxxx, 2003; WHO, 2020) and high risk for EDs (Fox & Xxxxxxxx- Xxxxxx, 2006). This is of concern because the Arab world has one of the highest rates of obesity in the world (Xxxxxx et al., 2018), in Saudi Arabia in particular (Khandelwal et al., 1995), followed by Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Oman (Xxxxxx et al., 2000).
Obesity. Obesity defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, affects well over a third of all adults in the United States (CDC, 2010; Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx, Xxxxx & Xxxxxx 2010). Interestingly, it has been postulated that one of the contributing factors to the obesity epidemic in the United States is self-imposed sleep restriction; that the rise in obesity is directly related to the lack of sleep in American society (Bass & Xxxxx 2005). Several studies in in both US and non- US non-pregnant adults have reported relationships between shortened sleep duration and obesity. In a prospective study of approximately 1,000 primary care patients, Xxxxxx et al. found that in both men and women, total sleep time decreased as BMI increased. Normal weight men reported an average of 473 minutes (± 104 minutes) whereas obese men reported an average of 469 minutes (± 95 minutes). This difference was much more pronounced in women, with normal weight women reporting an average of 483 minutes (± 96 minutes) and obese women reporting an average of 434 minutes (± 89 minutes)(Verona et al. 2005). In the Hordaland Health Study, researchers found that among Norwegian adults aged 40-45 years pf age; BMI was statistically different at the 0.05 level in the short sleepers (less than 6 hours a night) when compared to those respondents sleeping 7-7.99 hours a night. The mean values for those sleeping less than 5 hours were 26.34 (standard deviation [SD] 4.30), and the mean value for those sleeping 5-5.99 hours was 25.87 (SD 4.04) compared to mean values of those sleeping 7-7.99 hours (mean 25.05, SD 3.74) (Xxxxxxxx et al. 2007). Likewise, obesity (BMI >30) in this study was related to sleep duration. Individuals sleeping less than 5 hours were had almost twice the risk of obesity and those individuals sleeping 7 to 7.99 hours a night (aOR 1.97, 95% CI=1.29-3.02); and those with 5-5.99 hours of sleep had almost 1 and a half times the risk for obesity (aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.10-1.84) (Xxxxxxxx et al. 2007). Authors using 2009 BRFSS data also reported an association between incremental increases in BMI, obesity (classified at BMI ≥30), and sleep duration. In linear regression modeling reported as unstandardized beta coefficients, sleep duration of less than 5 hours compared to 7 hours was related to both increasing BMI (ß=2.72, p=<0.01) and obesity (ß=2.08, p=<0.000001)(Xxxxxx et al. 2012).
Obesity. The ratio of energy intake to energy expenditure must be in balance to maintain a healthy body weight. A positive energy balance leads to weight gain, and a person with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or more is classified as obese [International Obesity Taskforce. xxxx://xxx.xxxx.xxx, accessed 2005]. Diverse epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated a positive rela- tionship between increased body size (energy balance) and colorectal malignancy, as reviewed in 2006 by Xxxxxx et al. [121]. Different mechanisms are proposed to link energy balance and CRC. Biomarkers of these mechanisms are growth factors (IGF-1, IGFBP-3), insulin resistance (insulin, d-peptide, HbA1c), chronic inflammation (IL-6, CRP, TNF-alpha), and steroid hormones (estrogen, progesterone, SHBG). The relationship between these mechanisms and potential body-size susceptibility loci may in the future give insight into mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of obesity. Physical activity compensates for an excess of energy intake and acts to maintain energy balance. An inverse relationship between physical activity and CRC risk has been demonstrated in the literature [122].
Obesity. For patients weighing ≥120 kg, the product label suggests to closely monitor for IFD due to the increased risk of lower posaconazole exposure [3]. Additionally, in patients with hematological malignancies, significantly lower trough concentrations were also observed between patients ≥90 kg compared to those <90 kg (0.65 vs.
1. 31 mg/L), as well as between patients with body mass index ≥30 and those with a body mass index <30 (0.89 vs. 1.29 mg/L) receiving posaconazole delayed-release tablets [127]. The delayed-release tablet administration showed a significantly lower exposure and longer washout half-life in healthy obese subjects (weight of 116.8 ±
