Operating Expenses During the term of this Lease Tenant shall pay to Landlord as additional rent all ad valorem taxes and operating expenses and other charges of every kind and nature (“Operating Expenses”) incurred or paid by Landlord in connection with the maintenance, repair, operation, management, or ownership of the Premises. If requested, Tenant agrees to pay Landlord on the first day of each calendar month, together with the payment of rent, such amount as Landlord estimates from time to time as necessary to pay such expenses. Landlord shall xxxx Tenant annually after the end of each year for such expenses. In the event the aggregate of Tenant’s installments during the year shall be less than the amount of Operating Expenses due from Tenant, such deficiency shall be paid to Landlord within ten (10) days after demand therefore. In the event the aggregate of Tenant’s installments during the year shall be more than the amount of Operating Expenses due from Tenant, such overpayment shall be applied to Tenant’s next monthly installment of Operating Expenses and Rent. As used herein, the term “Operating Expenses” shall include the cost of maintaining casualty and public liability insurance covering the Premises, real estate ad valorem taxes and all costs of managing, operating and maintaining the Premises, including but not limited to: costs of constructing, maintaining and repairing on site and off-site traffic controls; decorating, painting, lighting, sanitary control, and removal of trash, garbage and other refuse; maintenance, repair and replacement of utility systems serving any common areas, including water, sanitary sewer and storm water lines and other utility lines, pipes and conduits; costs of utilities, including water, sewer, electricity, and gas; janitorial, sweeping and cleaning services, trash bin rentals, trash pickup fees, licenses, permits and inspection fees; parking lot painting and restriping; planting, irrigating, gardening and landscaping; signs and markers; parking control and security guards and fire protection or detection service; all general maintenance and repair; other general operation and maintenance costs and expenses; all labor and supplies required by the foregoing; and administrative costs directly attributable thereto.