Assessment of the Cognitive Approach Sample Clauses

Assessment of the Cognitive Approach. As observed by Xxxxxx (1986, 39-40), the cognitive approach dominated the analysis of the foreign policies of the developing world whereby all social processes are eventually reduced to the perceptions and idiosyncracies of the ‘great man’ (or woman) of utmost power. Why? Xxxxxx first explained that the political institutions of the developing world usually revolve around a politically powerful individual. Secondly, competing models are explicitly contextualized to industrialized countries, if not solely to the United States (Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 1972). Another facet of the cognitive approach that is worth examining, however, is that its methodology is problematic from the start. The problem lies in the requirement of the approach to acquire information about the ‘minds of men,’ as Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx (1962, 4) stressed. Policy- makers are known, however, to conceal their true thoughts and recollections (White 1989). Hence, information obtained from them must first be calibrated to account for any possible biases. Even with ‘proper’ calibration, there is no sure way to filter out dishonest or errant recollections from subjects. The resulting poor quality of data does affect the results of the investigation. Central to the analysis is the existence of two kinds of factors, one operational and another perceptual. Operational factors are objective factors that are derived from the world as it ‘really’ exists, whereas perceptual factors are subjective factors that are derived from how decision-makers perceive or develop images of the ‘real’ world. How are the two types of factors interlinked? Operational factors will only be relevant contingent upon the attitudes, perceptions, judgments, and purposes of a state’s decision-makers and how they react to various stimuli (Xxxxxx et al. 2002, 60) whereas the reverberation of influence from the environment to the decision-maker is reciprocated only through such an interaction (Sprout and Sprout 1965, 11). The initial stages of decision-making are important, however. Similar to the previous case of analyzing faulty data, in the case of interlinking both operational and perceptual factors the judgments and inferences made at the beginning of a process, though unfounded or skewed and however nobly made, can influence and constrain subsequent decision-making, affecting the quality of the whole process (Xxxxxxxxxxx 1990, 8). Examination of both operational and perceptual factors leads to the surfacing of two concepts and relat...
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Related to Assessment of the Cognitive Approach

  • Clinical 1.1 Provides comprehensive evidence based nursing care and individual case management to a specific group of patients/clients including assessment, intervention and evaluation. 1.2 Undertakes clinical shifts at the direction of senior staff and the Nursing Director including participation on the on-call/after-hours/weekend roster if required. 1.3 Responsible and accountable for patient safety and quality of care through planning, coordinating, performing, facilitating, and evaluating the delivery of patient care relating to a particular group of patients, clients or staff in the practice setting. 1.4 Monitors, reviews and reports upon the standard of nursing practice to ensure that colleagues are working within the scope of nursing practice, following appropriate clinical pathways, policies, procedures and adopting a risk management approach in patient care delivery. 1.5 Participates in xxxx rounds/case conferences as appropriate. 1.6 Educates patients/carers in post discharge management and organises discharge summaries/referrals to other services, as appropriate. 1.7 Supports and liaises with patients, carers, colleagues, medical, nursing, allied health, support staff, external agencies and the private sector to provide coordinated multidisciplinary care. 1.8 Completes clinical documentation and undertakes other administrative/management tasks as required. 1.9 Participates in departmental and other meetings as required to meet organisational and service objectives. 1.10 Develops and seeks to implement change utilising expert clinical knowledge through research and evidence based best practice. 1.11 Monitors and maintains availability of consumable stock. 1.12 Complies with and demonstrates a positive commitment to Regulations, Acts and Policies relevant to nursing including the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia, the Code of Conduct for Nurses in Australia, the National Competency Standards for the Registered Nurse and the Poisons Act 2014 and Medicines and Poisons Regulations 2016. 1.13 Promotes and participates in team building and decision making. 1.14 Responsible for the clinical supervision of nurses at Level 1 and/or Enrolled Nurses/ Assistants in Nursing under their supervision.

  • Clinical Studies The animal and other preclinical studies and clinical trials conducted by the Company or on behalf of the Company were, and, if still pending are, to the Company’s knowledge, being conducted in all material respects in compliance with all Applicable Laws and in accordance with experimental protocols, procedures and controls generally used by qualified experts in the preclinical study and clinical trials of new drugs and biologics as applied to comparable products to those being developed by the Company; the descriptions of the results of such preclinical studies and clinical trials contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are accurate and complete in all material respects, and, except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company has no knowledge of any other clinical trials or preclinical studies, the results of which reasonably call into question the clinical trial or preclinical study results described or referred to in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus when viewed in the context in which such results are described; and the Company has not received any written notices or correspondence from the FDA, the EMA, or any other domestic or foreign governmental agency requiring the termination, suspension or modification of any preclinical studies or clinical trials conducted by or on behalf of the Company that are described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or the results of which are referred to in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.

  • Eye Examinations All represented employees, who are health service system members, shall be eligible for one (1) annual VDT examination and prescribed eyewear.

  • Medical Examinations An employee may be required by the Employer, at the request of and at the expense of the Employer, to take a medical examination by a physician of the employee's choice. Employees may be required to take skin tests, x-ray examination, vaccination, inoculation and other immunization (with the exception of a rubella vaccination when the employee is of the opinion that a pregnancy is possible), unless the employee's physician has advised in writing that such a procedure may have an adverse affect on the employee's health.

  • Tax Examinations Abroad 1. A Contracting Party may allow representatives of the competent authority of the other Contracting Party to enter the territory of the first-mentioned Party to interview individuals and examine records with the written consent of the persons concerned. The competent authority of the second-mentioned Party shall notify the competent authority of the first-mentioned Party of the time and place of the meeting with the individuals concerned. 2. At the request of the competent authority of one Contracting Party, the competent authority of the other Contracting Party may allow representatives of the competent authority of the first-mentioned Party to be present at the appropriate part of a tax examination in the second-mentioned Party. 3. If the request referred to in paragraph 2 is acceded to, the competent authority of the Contracting Party conducting the examination shall, as soon as possible, notify the competent authority of the other Party about the time and place of the examination, the authority or official designated to carry out the examination and the procedures and conditions required by the first-mentioned Party for the conduct of the examination. All decisions with respect to the conduct of the tax examination shall be made by the Party conducting the examination.

  • Pending Proceedings and Examinations The Registration Statement is not the subject of a pending proceeding or examination under Section 8(d) or 8(e) of the 1933 Act, and the Company is not the subject of a pending proceeding under Section 8A of the 1933 Act in connection with the offering of the Securities.

  • Regulatory Examinations The Sub-Advisor will cooperate promptly and fully with the Advisor and/or the Trust in responding to any regulatory or compliance examinations or inspections (including information requests) relating to the Trust, the Fund or the Advisor brought by any governmental or regulatory authorities having appropriate jurisdiction (including, but not limited to, the SEC).

  • Technical Objections to Grievances It is the intent of both Parties of this Agreement that no grievance shall be defeated merely because of a technical error, other than time limitations in processing the grievance through the grievance procedure. To this end, an arbitration board shall have the power to allow all necessary amendments to the grievance and the power to waive formal procedural irregularities in the processing of a grievance, in order to determine the real matter in dispute and to render a decision according to equitable principles and the justice of the case.

  • Medical Examination Where the Employer requires an employee to submit to a medical examination or medical interview, it shall be at the Employer's expense and on the Employer's time.

  • Tax Examinations The IRS has examined (or is foreclosed from examining by applicable statutes) the federal income tax returns of any of the Company’s, the Borrower’s or its Subsidiaries’ predecessors in interest with respect to the Projects for all tax periods prior to and including the taxable year ending December 31, 2009 and the appropriate state Governmental Authority in each state in which the Company’s, the Borrower’s or its Subsidiaries’ predecessors in interest with respect to the Projects were required to file state income tax returns has examined (or is foreclosed from examining by applicable statutes) the state income tax returns of any of such Persons with respect to the Projects for all tax periods prior to and including the taxable year ending December 31, 2009. All deficiencies which have been asserted against such Persons as a result of any federal, state, local or foreign tax examination for each taxable year in respect of which an examination has been conducted have been fully paid or finally settled or are being contested in good faith, and no issue has been raised in any such examination which, by application of similar principles, reasonably can be expected to result in assertion of a material deficiency for any other year not so examined which has not been reserved for in the financial statements of such Persons to the extent, if any, required by GAAP. No such Person has taken any reporting positions for which it does not have a reasonable basis nor anticipates any further material tax liability with respect to the years which have not been closed pursuant to applicable law.

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